دبابة النمر 1
Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger Ausf. E | |
---|---|
النوع | Heavy tank |
مكان الأصل | Germany |
تاريخ الخدمة | |
في الخدمة | 1942–1945 |
الحروب | World War II |
تاريخ الانتاج | |
المصمم | Erwin Aders Henschel & Son |
صممه | 1938–1941 |
الصانع | Henschel |
تكلفة الوحدة | 250,700 RM[1][أ] |
أُنتِج | 1942–1944 |
No. المُنتج | 1,347[ب] |
المواصفات (RfRuK VK 4501H Ausf.E, Blatt: G-330) | |
الوزن | 54 tonnes (60 short tons)[3] 57 tonnes (63 short tons) (Ausf. E)[4] (Combat weight)[5] |
الطول | 6.316 m (20 ft 8.7 in) 8.45 m (27 ft 9 in) gun forward |
العرض | 3.56 m (11 ft 8 in) |
الارتفاع | 3.0 m (9 ft 10 in) |
الطاقم | 5 (commander, gunner, loader, driver, radio operator) |
الدرع | 25–120 mm (0.98–4.72 in)[6][7] |
التدريع الرئيسي | 1× 8.8 cm KwK 36 L/56 92 AP and HE rounds |
التدريع الثانوي | 2× 7.92 mm MG 34 4,500 rounds 4,800 rounds (Ausf. E)[8] |
المحرك | Maybach HL230 P45 V-12 700 PS (690 hp, 515 kW) |
القدرة/الوزن | 13 PS (9.5 kW) / tonne |
التعليق | Torsion bar |
الخلوص عن الأرض | 0.47 m (1 ft 7 in) |
سعة الوقود | 540 liters |
المدى العملياتي | Road: 195 km (121 mi)[4] Cross country: 110 km (68 mi)[4] |
السرعة | Maximum, road: 45.4 km/h (28.2 mph)[9] Sustained, road: 40 km/h (25 mph)[4] Cross country: 20–25 km/h (12–16 mph)[4] |
دبابة النمر 1 هي دبابة من صنع ألمانيا النازية خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية وتم استبدالها لاحقا بالنمر 2 سنة 1944. كانت تعد من أقوى دبابات الحرب بحيث أن الأمريكان لم يقدروا على هزمها من ناحية قوة مدفعها وتحصينها وكبرها. التسليح و تتميز دبابة التايغر1 بمدفعها ذو العيار 88 ملم.
من حيث التدريع فتبلغ سماكة الدروع الأمامية لدبابة التايغر 100 ملم. و الجوانب 80ملم. والمؤخرة 60 ملم.
لم تكن دبابة التايغر الألمانية تضاهي الدبابات الخاصة بالحلفاء من حيث السرعة نظرا لثقلها الكبير اي ما يقارب ال59 طن.
كانت دبابات التايغر تقوم بزرع الرعب في قلوب الحلفاء. وقد ظهر ما يسمى مرض الخوف من النمر وقد تفشى بشكل واسع في صفوف الحلفاء.
The Vimoutiers Tiger tank in Vimoutiers in Normandy, France
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دبابات بأدوار وأداء وزمن مشابه
- Soviet IS-1
- American M26 Pershing
- American M4A3E2
- Japanese Type 5 Chi-Ri
- British Churchill tank
انظر أيضاً
ملاحظات
- ^ Without weapons, optics, or radio. 399,800 combat ready.
- ^ Although 1,350 is a common figure, World War II magazine reported the figure of 1,355 in their January 1994 edition (p.16). Jentz gives a revised number of 1,347, including the prototype, the result of the most detailed investigation of the primary sources ever undertaken.[2]
المراجع
الهامش
- ^ Zetterling 2000, p. 61.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 1993, pp. 11–13.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2000, p. 177.
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج Jentz & Doyle 2000, p. 179.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>
غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةTiger Tanks at War Pg20
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 1993, pp. 8, 16.
- ^ Hart 2007, p. 17.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2000, p. 182.
- ^ Jentz & Doyle 2000, p. 181.
ببليوگرافيا
- Anderson, Thomas (2013). Tiger. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78096-201-6.
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(help) - Agte, Patrick (2006). Michael Wittmann and the Waffen SS Tiger Commanders of the Leibstandarte in WWII, Vol. 1. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3334-2.
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(help) - Baryatinsky, Mikhail (2008). The T-34 in Combat. Jauza, Moscow. ISBN 978-5-699-26709-5.
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(help) - Bird, Lorrin Rexford; Livingston, Robert D. (2001). World War II Ballistics – Armor and Gunnery. Albany, N.Y.: Overmatch Press. OCLC 71143143.
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(help) - Bishop, Chris (2002). "1". The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. London: Metrobooks. ISBN 1-58663-762-2.
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(help) - Carius, Otto (2003). Tigers in the Mud – The Combat Career of German Panzer Commander Otto Carius. Translated by Edwards, Robert J. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-2911-6.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Carruthers, Bob (2000). German Tanks at War. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-35394-1.
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(help) - Carruthers, Bob (2013). Tiger I in Combat. Coda Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78159-129-1.
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(help) - Drabkin, Artem; Sheremet, Oleg (2006). T-34 in action. Barnsley (S-Y): Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 1-84415-243-X.
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(help) - Fletcher, David (2011). Tiger Tank: Owners' Workshop Manual. Haynes Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7603-4078-3.
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(help) - Forty, George (2004). Villers Bocage. Battle Zone Normandy. Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-3012-8.
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(help) - Glantz, David (2005). Colossus Reborn : the Red Army at War : 1941–1943. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press. ISBN 0-7006-1353-6.
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(help) - Green, Michael; Brown, James D. (2008). Tiger Tanks at War. St. Paul, MN: Zenith Press. ISBN 978-0-7603-3112-5.
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(help) - Guderian, Heinz (1952). Panzer Leader (Reissue edition, 2001 ed.). New York: Da Capo Press.
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(help) - Hart, Stephen (2007). Sherman Firefly vs Tiger: Normandy 1944. Reading: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84603-150-8.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Hunnicutt, Richard Pearce (1971). Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series. Navato, CA: Presidio Press. ISBN 0-98219-070-0.
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(help) - Jentz, Thomas (1996). Panzertruppen 2: The Complete Guide to the Creation & Combat Employment of Germany's Tank Force 1943–1945. Schiffer. ISBN 978-0-7643-0080-6.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hillary (1993). Tiger 1 Heavy Tank 1942–45. illustrated by Sarson, Peter. Osprey. ISBN 978-1-85532-337-7.
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(help) - Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hillary (1997). Germany's Tiger Tanks: Tiger I & II : Combat Tactics. Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7643-0225-1.
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(help) - Jentz, Tom; Doyle, Hillary (2000). Germany's Tiger tanks D.W. to Tiger 1. Schiffer. ISBN 978-0-76431-038-6.
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(help) - Kolomiets, Maxim (2013). "Тигры" на Огненной Дуге "Тигры" на Огненной Дуге ["Tiger Tierra del Arc"] (in Russian). KM Strategy. ISBN 978-5-699-65932-6.
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(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Lochmann, Franz-Wilhelm; Rubbel, Alfred (2000). Combat History of German Tiger Tank Battalion 503. Mechanicsburg, PA, USA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3484-4.
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(help) - Perrett, Bryan (1999). Panzerkampfwagen IV medium tank : 1936 – 1945. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. ISBN 978-1-85532-843-3.
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(help) - Schneider, Wolfgang (2004) [First published 2000 by J.J. Fedorowicz; Winnipeg]. Tigers in Combat I (2nd ed.). Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-3171-5.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Schneider, Wolfgang (2005). Tigers in Combat II. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books; originally published 1998 by J.J. Fedorowicz; Winnipeg, Canada. ISBN 0-8117-3203-7.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Showalter, Dennis E (2013). Armor and Blood : the Battle of Kursk, the turning point of World War II. New York, NY: Random House.
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(help) - Spielberger, Walter & Doyle, Hilary (2007). Tigers I and II and their variants. Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ltd, ISBN 978-0-7643-2780-3.
- Tucker-Jones, Anthony (2012). "Introduction". Tiger I and Tiger II. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-78159-030-0.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Wilbeck, Christopher (2004). Sledgehammers: Strengths and Flaws of Tiger Tank Battalions in World War II. Bedford, Pa.: The Aberjona Press. ISBN 978-0-9717650-2-3.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zaloga, Steven (1994). IS-2 Heavy Tank 1944–73. Osprey. ISBN 978-1-85532-396-4.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zaloga, Steven (2003). M4 (76mm) Medium Tank 1943–65. New Vanguard. Osprey. ISBN 1-84176-542-2.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zaloga, Steven (2005). US Anti-Tank Artillery 1941–45. New Vanguard. Osprey. ISBN 1-84176-690-9.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zaloga, Steven (2007). Japanese Tanks 1939–45. New Vanguard. Osprey. ISBN 978-1-84603-091-8.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zaloga, Steven (2015). Armored Champion: The Top Tanks of World War II. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-1437-2.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Zetterling, Niklas (2000). Kursk 1943: a statistical analysis. London: Frank Cass. ISBN 978-0-7146-5052-4.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Bird, Lorrin Rexford; Livingston, Robert D. (2001). WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery. Overmatch Press.
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(help)
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وصلات خارجية
- Bovington Tank Museum Tiger and Restoration
- Tiger I Information Center – Comprehensive website about the Tiger I
- Article, "New German Heavy Tank" from U.S. Intelligence Bulletin, June 1943
- "Under The Tiger's Skin" – June 1945 Popular Science
- Tiger survivors – PDF, Surviving Tiger Tanks
- Tiger and Tiger II sections from Handbook on German Military Forces