داپسون

داپسون
البيانات السريرية
فئة السلامة; أثناء الحمل	AU: B2 ; ;
مسارات; الدواء	Oral
رمز ATC	J04BA02 (WHO) ;
الحالة القانونية
الحالة القانونية	℞-only (U.S.), POM (UK);
بيانات الحركية الدوائية
التوافر الحيوي	70 to 80%
ارتباط الپروتين	70 to 90%
الأيض	Hepatic (mostly CYP2E1-mediated)
Elimination half-life	20 to 30 hours
الإخراج	Renal
المعرفات
	IUPAC name 4-[(4-aminobenzene)sulfonyl]aniline;
رقم CAS	80-08-0;
PubChem CID	2955;
DrugBank	APRD00345;
ChemSpider	2849;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4020371 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.136
Chemical and physical data
التركيب	C12H12N2O2S
الكتلة المولية	248.302 gmol-1

داپسون Dapsone (داى أمينو-داى فينيل سلفون)هو دواء يستعمل عادة بالإشتراك مع rifampicin و clofazimine ك دواء مشترك (MDT)لعلاج Mycobacterium leprae أو الجذام.

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التاريخ

دواعى الإستعمال

يستعمل للوقاية من Pneumocystis pneumonia and toxoplasmosis في المرض التى لاتحتملtrimethoprim sulfamethoxazole.^[1]

دابسون يستعمل أيضا لعلاج عضة العنكب Brown recluse spider bites.^[2]

الإستخدام

التأثيرات الجانبية

التأثيرات على الدم

أهم التأثيرات الجانبية الظاهرة هى تعد من التى لها علاقة بالجرعة مثلhemolysis (يمكن أن تؤدى الى hemolytic anemia) و methemoglobinemia.^[3] Agranulocytosis تحدث نادرا إذا أستعمل الدابسون بفرده لكن تحدث أحيانا في الأنظمة التى تستعمل فيها أدوية مشتركة للوقاية من الملاريا .^[4] Abnormalities in white blood cell formation, including aplastic anaemia, are rare but the cause of the majority of deaths due to dapsone therapy.^[5]^[6]^[7]

التأثيرات على الكبد

آثار جانبية أخرى

آثار جانبية أخرى تشمل nausea, headache, and rash, وهى شائعة, وinsomnia, psychosis و peripheral neuropathy. تأثيرات على lung تحدث نادرا و يمكن أن تكون خطيرة ولكن يمكن أن تكون الأمور عكسية .^[8]

تفاعلات الداپسون

Hypersensitivity reactions occur in some patients. This reaction may be more frequent in patients receiving multiple drug therapy.^[9]^[10]^[11]

The reaction always involves a rash and may also include fever, jaundice, and eosinophilia.^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16] These symptoms will generally occur within the first six weeks of therapy or not at all, and may be ameliorated by corticosteroid therapy.^[1]

إعتبارات خاصة

Certain patients are at higher risks of adverse effects when using dapsone. Some specific issues which should be considered are:^[1]

Related to the blood (a full blood count should be obtained prior to initiating therapy):
- Porphyria
- أنيميا
- Cardiac disease
- Pulmonary disease
- HIV infection
- G6PD deficiency

Related to the liver (obtain liver function tests before starting therapy):
- Liver impairment

المراجع

^ ^أ ^ب ^ت Rossi S, ed. Australian Medicines Handbook 2006. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook; 2006. ISBN 0-9757919-2-3
^ Rees RS, Altenbern DP, Lynch JB, King LE (1985). "Brown recluse spider bites. A comparison of early surgical excision versus dapsone and delayed surgical excision". Ann. Surg. 202 (5): 659–63. PMC 1250983. PMID 4051613. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jopling WH. Side-effects of aالأدوية المضادة للجذام. Lepr Rev 1983; 54: 261–70.
^ Firkin FC, Mariani AF. Agranulocytosis due to dapsone. Med J Aust 1977; 2: 247–51.
^ Foucauld J, et al. Dapsone and aplastic anemia. Ann Intern Med 1985; 102: 139.
^ Meyerson MA, Cohen PR. Dapsone-induced aplastic anaemia in a woman with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus. Mayo Clin Proc 1994; 69: 1159–62.
^ Björkman A, Phillips-Howard PA. Adverse reactions to sulfa drugs: implications for malaria chemotherapy. Bull WHO 1991; 69: 297–304.
^ Jaffuel D, et al. Eosinophilic pneumonia induced by dapsone. BMJ 1998; 317: 181.
^ Richardus JH, Smith TC. Increased incidence in leprosy of hypersensitivity reactions to dapsone after introduction of multidrug therapy. Lepr Rev 1989; 60: 267–73.
^ Kumar RH, et al. Dapsone syndrome—a five year retrospective analysis. Indian J Lepr 1998; 70: 271–6.
^ Rao PN, Lakshmi TSS. Increase in the incidence of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome—an appraisal. Lepr Rev 2001; 72: 57–62.
^ Joseph MS. Hypersensitivity reaction to dapsone. Lepr Rev 1985; 56: 315–20.
^ Jamrozik K. Dapsone syndrome occurring in two brothers. Lepr Rev 1986; 57: 57–62.
^ Hortaleza AR, et al. Dapsone syndrome in a Filipino man. Lepr Rev 1995; 66: 307–13.
^ Tomecki KJ, Catalano CJ. Dapsone hypersensitivity: the sulfone syndrome revisited. Arch Dermatol 1981; 117: 38–9.
^ Kromann NP, et al. The dapsone syndrome. Arch Dermatol 1982; 118: 531–2.

المراجع الخارجية

MedlinePlus Drug Information

[AMH-1] أ ^ب ^ت Rossi S, ed. Australian Medicines Handbook 2006. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook; 2006. ISBN 0-9757919-2-3

[pmid4051613-2] Rees RS, Altenbern DP, Lynch JB, King LE (1985). "Brown recluse spider bites. A comparison of early surgical excision versus dapsone and delayed surgical excision". Ann. Surg. 202 (5): 659–63. PMC 1250983. PMID 4051613. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Jopling WH. Side-effects of aالأدوية المضادة للجذام. Lepr Rev 1983; 54: 261–70.

[4] Firkin FC, Mariani AF. Agranulocytosis due to dapsone. Med J Aust 1977; 2: 247–51.

[5] Foucauld J, et al. Dapsone and aplastic anemia. Ann Intern Med 1985; 102: 139.

[6] Meyerson MA, Cohen PR. Dapsone-induced aplastic anaemia in a woman with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus. Mayo Clin Proc 1994; 69: 1159–62.

[7] Björkman A, Phillips-Howard PA. Adverse reactions to sulfa drugs: implications for malaria chemotherapy. Bull WHO 1991; 69: 297–304.

[8] Jaffuel D, et al. Eosinophilic pneumonia induced by dapsone. BMJ 1998; 317: 181.

[9] Richardus JH, Smith TC. Increased incidence in leprosy of hypersensitivity reactions to dapsone after introduction of multidrug therapy. Lepr Rev 1989; 60: 267–73.

[10] Kumar RH, et al. Dapsone syndrome—a five year retrospective analysis. Indian J Lepr 1998; 70: 271–6.

[11] Rao PN, Lakshmi TSS. Increase in the incidence of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome—an appraisal. Lepr Rev 2001; 72: 57–62.

[12] Joseph MS. Hypersensitivity reaction to dapsone. Lepr Rev 1985; 56: 315–20.

[13] Jamrozik K. Dapsone syndrome occurring in two brothers. Lepr Rev 1986; 57: 57–62.

[14] Hortaleza AR, et al. Dapsone syndrome in a Filipino man. Lepr Rev 1995; 66: 307–13.

[15] Tomecki KJ, Catalano CJ. Dapsone hypersensitivity: the sulfone syndrome revisited. Arch Dermatol 1981; 117: 38–9.

[16] Kromann NP, et al. The dapsone syndrome. Arch Dermatol 1982; 118: 531–2.

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v t e مضادات المتفطرات (J04)
السل/ علاج السل	حمض الأمينو ساليسيليك (Calcium aminosalicylate, Sodium aminosalicylate) Antibiotics (Amikacin, Capreomycin, Cycloserine, Kanamycin, Rifabutin, Rifampicin, Rifamycin, Rifapentin, Streptomycin) hydrazides (Isoniazid) thiocarbamides (Ethionamide, Protionamide, Tiocarlide) Others (Ethambutol, Morinamide, Pyrazinamide, Terizidone)
الجذام	Aldesulfone sodium • Clofazimine • Dapsone • Rifampicin