تسكالوسا، ألباما

Coordinates: 33°12′24″N 87°32′5″W / 33.20667°N 87.53472°W / 33.20667; -87.53472
يجب ألا يـُخلـَط بينها وبين Tuskaloosa; Tuskegee, Alabama; or Tuscumbia, Alabama.
"Tuscaloosa" redirects here. For other uses, see تسكالوسا (توضيح).
تسكالوسا، ألباما
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
مدينة
City of Tuscaloosa
View of Downtown Tuscaloosa from Greensboro Avenue
View of Downtown Tuscaloosa from Greensboro Avenue
الختم الرسمي لـ تسكالوسا، ألباما
الشعار
الكنية: 
Druid City, Title Town, T-Town, City of Champions
الشعار: 
"Together we can build a bridge to the future."
Location of Tuscaloosa in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama
Location of Tuscaloosa in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama
تسكالوسا، ألباما is located in الولايات المتحدة
تسكالوسا، ألباما
تسكالوسا، ألباما
Location in the United States
الإحداثيات: 33°12′24″N 87°32′5″W / 33.20667°N 87.53472°W / 33.20667; -87.53472
البلد الولايات المتحدة
الولاية ألباما
Countyتسكالوسا
IncorporatedDecember 13, 1819[1]
الحكومة
 • النوعMayor-Council
 • MayorWalt Maddox
 • رئيس المجلسCynthia Almond
المساحة
[2]
 • مدينة72٫02 ميل² (186٫52 كم²)
 • البر61٫94 ميل² (160٫43 كم²)
 • الماء10٫07 ميل² (26٫09 كم²)
المنسوب
222 ft (68 m)
التعداد
 (2020)
 • مدينة99٬600
 • الترتيبUS: 313th
AL: 5th
 • الكثافة1٬607٫93/sq mi (620٫83/km2)
 • Urban
139٬114 (US: 233rd)
 • العمرانية
235٬628 (US: 190th AL: 5th)
منطقة التوقيتUTC−6 (CST)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
35401-35407, 35485-35487
مفتاح الهاتف205 & 659
FIPS code01-77256
GNIS feature ID0153742
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.tuscaloosa.com

تسكالوسا (Tuscaloosa ؛ /ˌtʌskəˈluːsə/ TUS-kə-LOO-sə) is a city in and the seat of Tuscaloosa County in west-central Alabama, United States,[3] on the Black Warrior River where the Gulf Coastal and Piedmont plains meet. Alabama's fifth-largest city, it had an estimated population of 101,129 in 2019. It was known as Tuskaloosa until the early 20th century.[4] It is also known as the Druid City because of the numerous water oaks planted in its downtown streets since the 1840s.

Incorporated on December 13, 1819, it was named after Tuskaloosa, the chief of a band of Muskogean-speaking people defeated by the forces of Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto in 1540 in the Battle of Mabila, in what is now central Alabama.[5] It served as Alabama's capital city from 1826 to 1846.

Tuscaloosa is the regional center of industry, commerce, healthcare and education for the area of west-central Alabama known as West Alabama; and the principal city of the Tuscaloosa Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Tuscaloosa, Hale and Pickens counties.

It is the home of the University of Alabama, Stillman College and Shelton State Community College. While it attracted international attention when Mercedes-Benz announced on September 30, 1993 that it would build its first North American automotive assembly plant in Tuscaloosa County,[6] the University of Alabama remains the city's dominant economic and cultural engine, making it a college town. City leaders adopted the moniker "The City of Champions" after the Alabama Crimson Tide football team won the BCS National Championship in their 2009, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2017 and 2020 seasons.

In 2008, Tuscaloosa hosted the USA Olympic Triathlon trials for the Beijing Games.[7] Through the 2000s and 2010s, it has been declared the "Most Livable City in America",[8] one of America's "100 Best Communities for Young People",[9] one of the "50 Best College Towns", and one of the "Best Places to Launch a Small Business".[10]

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التاريخ

انظر أيضاً: Timeline of Tuscaloosa, Alabama


الأمريكان الأصليون

In 1828, Andrew Jackson was elected president of the United States. He had gained popularity when he defeated the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, following victories in the War of 1812. He long proposed Indian removal to an Indian Territory to be established west of the Mississippi, to make land available in the Southeast for European-American settlement.[11] Jackson abandoned the policy of his predecessors of treating different Indian groups as separate nations.[11] Instead, he aggressively pursued plans to move all Indian tribes living east of the Mississippi River.[11]

إعلان الولاية وأصل الاسم

أطلال كاپيتول ولاية ألباما في تسكالوسا في منتزه الكاپيتول. المبنى هو مقر كلية نسائية حتى أُحرِق بالكامل في 1923.
Wallace standing against desegregation while being confronted by Deputy U.S. Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach في جامعة ألباما في 1963


أفق المدينة

Major areas of Tuscaloosa city proper include:


الجغرافيا

المناخ

Climate data for تسكالوسا، ألباما (مطار تسكالوسا الإقليمي)، 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 82
(28) 		86
(30) 		88
(31) 		94
(34) 		98
(37) 		105
(41) 		107
(42) 		107
(42) 		104
(40) 		101
(38) 		89
(32) 		82
(28) 		107
(42)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 55.7
(13.2) 		60.2
(15.7) 		68.3
(20.2) 		75.5
(24.2) 		83.0
(28.3) 		89.2
(31.8) 		91.6
(33.1) 		91.2
(32.9) 		87.0
(30.6) 		76.9
(24.9) 		65.6
(18.7) 		57.9
(14.4) 		75.2
(24.0)
Daily mean °F (°C) 45.7
(7.6) 		49.6
(9.8) 		56.9
(13.8) 		63.8
(17.7) 		72.2
(22.3) 		79.1
(26.2) 		81.9
(27.7) 		81.5
(27.5) 		76.3
(24.6) 		65.2
(18.4) 		54.2
(12.3) 		48.0
(8.9) 		64.5
(18.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 35.7
(2.1) 		38.9
(3.8) 		45.5
(7.5) 		52.0
(11.1) 		61.3
(16.3) 		69.0
(20.6) 		72.3
(22.4) 		71.7
(22.1) 		65.6
(18.7) 		53.4
(11.9) 		42.8
(6.0) 		38.2
(3.4) 		53.9
(12.2)
Record low °F (°C) −1
(−18) 		5
(−15) 		12
(−11) 		29
(−2) 		36
(2) 		45
(7) 		54
(12) 		53
(12) 		37
(3) 		23
(−5) 		10
(−12) 		2
(−17) 		−1
(−18)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.97
(126) 		5.37
(136) 		4.82
(122) 		5.00
(127) 		3.64
(92) 		4.67
(119) 		4.17
(106) 		4.36
(111) 		3.40
(86) 		3.54
(90) 		4.52
(115) 		5.06
(129) 		53.52
(1٬359)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.3 10.8 10.8 8.9 9.4 9.9 11.1 10.7 7.6 8.7 8.8 10.7 117.7
Source: NOAA[12][13]

الديمغرافيا

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد Pop. %±
18401٬949—
18503٬50079٫6%
18603٬98914�0%
18701٬689−57٫7%
18802٬41843٫2%
18904٬21574٫3%
19005٬09420٫9%
19108٬40765�0%
192011٬99642٫7%
193020٬65972٫2%
194027٬49333٫1%
195046٬39668٫8%
196063٬37036٫6%
197065٬7733٫8%
198075٬21114٫3%
199077٬7593٫4%
200077٬9060٫2%
201090٬46816٫1%
202099٬60010٫1%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]


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تعداد 2020

Tuscaloosa Racial Composition[15]
Race Num. Perc.
White 47,663 47.85%
Black or African American 40,867 41.03%
الأمريكان الأصليون 147 0.15%
Asian 2,352 2.36%
Pacific Islander 47 0.05%
Other/Mixed 3,086 3.1%
Hispanic or Latino 5,438 5.46%

As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 99,600 people, 36,779 households, and 20,176 families residing in the city.

الحكومة

Current City Council Members
District Representative Serving Since
1 Phyllis W. Odom 2015
2 Raeven Howard 2020
3 Cynthia Lee Almond 2005
4 Lee Busby 2019
5 Kip Tyner 1997
6 Edwin Pugh 2013
7 Sonya McKinstry 2013


المدن الشقيقة

The Tuscaloosa Sister Cities Commission was formed in 1986. The city currently has sister city relationships with cities in three countries:[16][17]

معرض صور

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة alabama-law-1823
  2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. ^ Writer, Mark Hughes CobbStaff. "Many names associated with Tuscaloosa have a story". Tuscaloosa News.
  5. ^ Herbert J. "Jim" Lewis, Birmingham, Alabama (2011-04-27). "Tuscaloosa". Encyclopedia of Alabama. Retrieved 2016-05-13.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Taylor, Drew (2018-09-30). "Mercedes decided 25 years ago to build in Alabama, fueling economy". Tuscaloosa News (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 19, 2012. Retrieved May 13, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "Tuscaloosa named most livable city in America | AL.com". Blog.al.com. 2011-06-18. Retrieved 2016-05-13.
  9. ^ "100 Best Communities for Young People | America's Promise". Americaspromise.org. Retrieved 2016-05-13.
  10. ^ "Best Places to Launch a Small Business 2009 - Tuscaloosa, AL". Money.CNN.com. FORTUNE Small Business. Retrieved 2016-05-13.
  11. ^ أ ب ت Sharyn Kane & Richard Keeton. "Fort Benning – The Land and the People". SEAC. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
  12. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة NOAA
  13. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
  14. ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved November 20, 2013.
  15. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  16. ^ "Tuscaloosa Sister Cities International". Tuscaloosa Sister Cities Commission. Retrieved 2018-08-03.
  17. ^ Turney Foshee (August 26, 2011). "Sister Cities delegates gather in Tuscaloosa to mark friendship". Tuscaloosa News. Retrieved 2018-08-03.

Bibliography

انظر أيضاً: Bibliography of the history of Tuscaloosa, Alabama

وصلات خارجية

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Tuscaloosa.

قالب:Tuscaloosa County, Alabama قالب:Alabama county seats

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