بحيرة إشكل

Ichkeul National Park
Ichkeul National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
	Ichkeul mountain
الموقع	Tunisia
أقرب مدينة	Mateur
الإحداثيات	37°10′0″N 9°40′0″E / 37.16667°N 9.66667°E
المساحة	126 km²
تأسست	1980
موقع تراث عالمي حسب اليونسكو
النوع	Natural
المعيار	x
التوصيف	1980 (4th session)
الرقم المرجعي	8
Region	Africa
Endangered	1996–2006
أراضي رامسار الرطبة
الاسم الرسمي	Ichkeul
التوصيف	24 November 1980
الرقم المرجعي	213

Lake Ichkeul (العربية: بحيرة اشكل‎) is a lake in northern Tunisia, located 20 kilometres (12 miles) to Bizerte, the northernmost city in Africa on the Mediterranean Sea. The lake and wetlands of Ichkeul National Park are an important stopping-over point for hundreds of thousands of migrating birds each year. Among the lake's visitors are ducks, geese, storks, and pink flamingoes. Dam construction on the lake's feeder rivers has produced major changes to the ecological balance of the lake and wetlands.

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History

Lake Ichkeul

In the reign of the Hafsid dynasty, Lake Ichkuel was a reserve during the 13th century. It later became the property of the public domain in the early 20th century during French rule. Since 1980, it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Because dams have sharply reduced the freshwater inflow to the lakes and marshes, the reedbeds, sedges, and other fresh-water plant species have been replaced with salt-loving plants. These changes have produced a sharp reduction in the migratory bird populations, which depend on the mix of plants that used to exist.

According to the UNESCO Website, the Tunisian government has undertaken some steps to retain freshwater and reduce salinity, and the lake was removed from UNESCO's list of World heritage in danger in 2006.

However some reports from the World Conservation Union suggest that the salinity has already become excessively high and the possibility for rehabilitation may be rapidly disappearing.^[2]

Ichkeul National Park

Ichkeul National Park, World Heritage Site in Tunisia.

Ichkeul National Park is a World Heritage Site located in the north of Tunisia, 25 km southwest of Bizerte and 15 km north of Mateur.^[3] The park has been on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites since 1980, and between 1996 and 2006 the park has also been on the group's list of World Heritage in Danger. The park is managed by the Ministry of Agriculture of Tunisia.

The flowering plant fr (Teucrium_schoenenbergeri) Nabli found only in Tunisia was harvested in 1965 in the Park.^[4]

Gallery

View of Ichkeul National Park
Lake landscape
Lakefront

References

^ "Ichkeul". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
^ "Ichkeul Lake, Tunisia : Image of the Day". earthobservatory.nasa.gov (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-07-01.
^ "Ichkeul National Park 8" (PDF). UNESCO: World Heritage. Retrieved 31 May 2015.
^ Schoenenberger A., Nabli M.A. (1990). "Isotype of Teucrium schoenenbergeri Nabli [family LAMIACEAE]". Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques. 137 (4, 5): 314.

External links

UNESCO website
WCMC datasheet
ACST Photos: Exploring Lak Ichkeul
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Archived 2006-10-01 at the Wayback Machine

قالب:National Parks of Tunisia

[1] "Ichkeul". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.

[2] "Ichkeul Lake, Tunisia : Image of the Day". earthobservatory.nasa.gov (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2017-07-01.

[3] "Ichkeul National Park 8" (PDF). UNESCO: World Heritage. Retrieved 31 May 2015.

[4] Schoenenberger A., Nabli M.A. (1990). "Isotype of Teucrium schoenenbergeri Nabli [family LAMIACEAE]". Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Lettres Botaniques. 137 (4, 5): 314.

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