الشعوب الأصلية في باراغواي
الشعوب الأصلية في پاراگواي تضم 17 جماعة عرقية belonging to five language families.[1][2] While only a 1.7% of Paraguay's population is fully indigenous, 75% of the population identifies as being partially of indigenous descent;[3] however, the majority do not identify as being indigenous but as Mestizos. Most of the native population lives in the northwestern part of the country, the Gran Chaco.
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التعداد
The Second National Indigenous Census, conducted in 2002, recording approximately 87,099 people, or 1.7% of the country's population, as being indigenous;[1] however, as many as 75% of the Paraguayan population is mestizo, that is of partial Amerindian descent.[3] Since the late 20th century, the indigenous population is growing faster than the rest of the population. As of 2002, 47.1% of the native population was 14 years old or younger.[1]
الاستيطان
An increasing percentage of the registered indigenous population lives in the northwestern region of Paraguay. The 1981 census reported 32.8% of the indigenous peoples living there, while 44.2% lived there in 1992, and 50.7% in 2002. The majority of indigenous peoples live in rural areas in 412 indigenous communities.[1]
Indigenous reserves are in place to protected uncontacted peoples and other isolated communities.[4]
اللغات
Indigenous Paraguayan languages belong to five language families: Guarani, Guaycuru, Maskoy, Mataco-Mataguayo, and Zamuco.[1] The Guarani language, along with Spanish, is an official language of Paraguay and is spoken by 90% of the population.
القضايا الاجتماعية
Literacy rates are low among indigenous peoples in Paraguay, who have an illiteracy rate of 51% compared to the 7.1% rate of the general population.[1]
Access to clean drinking water is a major challenge. Only 2.5% of Paraguay's indigenous population has access to drinking water and only 9.5% have electricity.[1]
القبائل
توزيع الشعوب الأصلية حسب القسم الإداري:
| القسم | التعداد (إحصاء 2022)[5] |
|---|---|
| Presidente Hayes | 29 814 |
| Boquerón | 29 774 |
| Canindeyú | 16 294 |
| Caaguazú | 13 255 |
| Amambay | 12 439 |
| آلتو پارانا | 8 915 |
| Caazapá | 5 290 |
| سان پدرو | 4 641 |
| Alto Paraguay | 4 414 |
| Concepción | 3 645 |
| إيتاپوا | 3 494 |
| Central | 3 069 |
| گوايرا | 1 928 |
| أسونسيون | 419 |
| Paraguarí | 116 |
| الإجمالي | 137 507[6] |
انظر أيضاً
Notes
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ "Paraguay." Pan-American Health Organization. (retrieved 12 July 2011)
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج "Paraguay." Countries and Their Cultures. (retrieved 12 July 2011)
- ^ أ ب "Paraguay: Ethnic Groups." CIA: The World Factbook. (retrieved 12 July 2011)
- ^ Dimitri Selibas (5 July 2023). "Bill stripping Peru's isolated Indigenous people of land and protections scrapped". Mongabay. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةindígena - ^ No se incluyen las 2699 personas captadas por el Censo Nacional a no indígenas.
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز "Native American Tribes of Paraguay." Native Languages. (retrieved 12 July 2011)
وصلات خارجية
- Instituto Paraguayo del Indigena (in إسپانية)
- "Paraguay's Indigenous Peoples in Peril", Amnesty International
- Assessment for Indigenous Peoples in Paraguay
- Indigenous Squatter Communities Organise Self-Help, InterPress Service Agency
قالب:Ethnic groups in Paraguay
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| التوابع |
أروبا1 / الأنتيل الهولندية1 (هولندا) · | |