إسكويپولاس

Coordinates: 14°34′N 89°21′W / 14.567°N 89.350°W / 14.567; -89.350
إسكويپولاس
Esquipulas
بازيليكا إسكويپولاس
بازيليكا إسكويپولاس
إسكويپولاس is located in گواتيمالا
إسكويپولاس
إسكويپولاس
Location in Guatemala
الإحداثيات: 14°34′N 89°21′W / 14.567°N 89.350°W / 14.567; -89.350
البلدFlag of Guatemala.svg گواتيمالا
القسم..Chiquimula Flag(GUATEMALA).png قسم چيكويمولا
ClimateAw

إسكويپولاس (Esquipulas ؛ ناهواتل: Isquitzuchil, "المكان المزهر")،[1] Officially Municipality of Esquipulas, whose original name was Yzquipulas[2] - is a municipality located in the department of Chiquimula, in eastern Guatemala, the largest city and capital of the municipality is the city of Esquipulas. This city is known as the main point of Central Catholic pilgrimage, as it is the place where they worship the Black Christ of Esquipulas. It is also one of the most important cities of the country and one that has had the most economic and cultural growth.[3]

In 2002 it was registered in the tentative list of World Heritage of UNESCO.[4]

It is a city with a tourist attraction, ecotourism and religious variety, it is the most visited city and town across eastern Guatemala and the second most visited in the country, surpassed only by the City of Guatemala, visited by approximately four five million tourists annually and devout Catholics,[5][6][7] this due to its important and varied religious resorts and distributed in the 532 km2,[8] the smallest city was visited by Pope John Paul II in 1996 which entitled him recognition as Capital Central to the Faith,[9] whose recognition is currently known as to this city, which was also visited by Teresa of Calcutta,[10] استضافت اتفاقية إسكويپولاس للسلام في 1986.[11] بازيليكا إسكويپولاس هي مقر Central Catholic Faith is the first wonder of Guatemala competition held by the Industrial Bank on November 26, 2008.[11]


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التاريخ

قبل الاسبان

The northern region and center of Esquipulas is located within the geographical area known as Region Ch'orti ' of Guatemala. Chorti culture and the Kingdom Payaki or Payaqui which was notable for leaving some of their old architectures developed within this municipality.[7]

ثقافة چورتي

The first settlers were descendants from Maya people of Copán (archaeological site) Copán, Honduras who came to these lands, shortly after they were forming groups or ethnic groups including ethnic Ch'orti ', these moved Esquipulas after leaving or moving of its ancient cities, this culture achievement develop for several years, even after of the Spanish conquest these were gradually disappearing from the municipality and moved to other municipality such as Camotan, Chiquimula and Jocotan, although they reached the Valley of Esquipulas, this culture is developed more in the villages Timushan and Chanmagua.[12]

مملكة پاياكوي

القرن 16

Another ethnic group who lived in this municipality was ethnically Payaqui. The priest Topiltzín Axcitl or Nacxit was the founder of the Kingdom Payaqui. The origin of this town, is located in the depths of the mystery of the cultura maya (the name Isquitzuchil´ appears in the history from the earliest times in 1,000 BC).

الاستعمار الاسباني

بازيليكا إسكويپولاس في 1895.

After the arrival of the Spaniards to Guatemala from South Mexico in 1523, they reached Esquipulas in 1525, where they found the Chorti inhabitants. After the violent conquest, they imposed all non-believers the Catholic doctrine, settled South of the Valley of the Monte Cristo and founded the village of Yzquipulas there. They formed a system of streets that ran from the main church which was the Santiago parish until the main aqueduct of the city, they built two seater (now the central park of Esquipulas and the Plaza of the municipality).[12]

فتح إسكوي‌تزوچل

In 1525 the captains Juan Pérez Dardón, Sancho de Barahona and Bartolomé Becerra under the command of Pedro de Alvarado conquered the province of Chiquimula the saw, and as a result, the Catholic religion imposed on conquered peoples. In April of 1530 the locals led by chieftains Copantl and Galel again revolted against the conquerors and as a result, Don Francisco de Orduña ordered the captains Pedro de Amalina and Hernando de Chávez that they leave from Mitlan to placate the rebellion in Esquipulas, who departed along with 60 Marines, 400 Allied Indians and 30 horses. The city was well entrenched that hindered the entry of the Spanish army, and after fighting for 3 days, the inhabitants of Esquipulas finally surrendered the city, most for peace and public tranquility, for fear of the Castilian arms, in the words of the Chief.[13]

المناخ

Climate data for إسكويپولاس
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 27
(81) 		29
(84) 		30
(86) 		33
(91) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		29
(84) 		28
(82) 		29
(84) 		26
(79) 		28
(82) 		28
(82) 		29
(84)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10
(50) 		9
(48) 		10
(50) 		10
(50) 		10
(50) 		11
(52) 		11
(52) 		13
(55) 		13
(55) 		11
(52) 		8
(46) 		9
(48) 		10
(51)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.0
(0.08) 		1.1
(0.04) 		11.7
(0.46) 		50.9
(2.00) 		141.9
(5.59) 		211.8
(8.34) 		415.1
(16.34) 		278.3
(10.96) 		220.2
(8.67) 		654.9
(25.78) 		32.0
(1.26) 		2.9
(0.11) 		1٬533٫4
(60.37)
Source: INSIVUMEH. "Estación de Meteorología de Esquipulas". INSIVUMEH (in الإسبانية). Guatemala. Archived from the original on 31 March 2014. Retrieved 25 May 2015. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

الموقع الجغرافي


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انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ "Origen del nombre Esquipulas (Origin of the name Esquipulas)". Revista Vida Diplomática. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  2. ^ Nicolás Rodríguez. "Historia de Esquipulas (History of Esquipulas)" (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 January 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ^ Norma Guisela Acosta Zavala. "Centro Cultural de Esquipulas (Esquipulas Cultural Center)" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 September 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  4. ^ UNESCO. "Route of the Peace and National Identity - UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Retrieved 14 August 2012.
  5. ^ Cidnewsmedia. "Ciudad de Esquipulas" (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 August 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ^ ViajeporGuatemala. "Cristo Negro de Esquipulas" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 August 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  7. ^ أ ب Nicolás Rodríguez. "Historia de la Ciudad de Esquipulas (History of Esquipulas City)" (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 August 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صالح؛ الاسم "Historia" معرف أكثر من مرة بمحتويات مختلفة.
  8. ^ Turismo en Esquipulas
  9. ^ CidnesMedia. "Esquipulas la Capital Centroamericana de la fe" (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 August 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ^ Nicolás Rodríguez. "Semana Santa en Esquipulas (Holy week in Esquipulas)" (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 August 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  11. ^ أ ب es:Acuerdo de Esquipulas
  12. ^ أ ب "Origen de la Ciudad de Chiquimula" (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 December 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  13. ^ Nicolás Rodríguez. "Historia de Esquipulas" (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 December 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

ببليوگرافيا

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Chiquimula Department

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