بولى (اليونان القديمة)

في مدن اليونان القديمة، كان الـ بولى (باليونانية: βουλήcode: el is deprecated , boulē; plural βουλαί, boulai) was a council of over 500 citizens (βουλευταί, bouleutai) appointed to run daily affairs of the city. Originally a council of nobles advising a king, boulai evolved according to the constitution of the city: In oligarchies boule positions might have been hereditary, while in democracies members were typically chosen by lot and served for one year. Little is known about the workings of many boulai, except in the case of Athens, for which extensive material has survived.

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 بولى أثينا

The original council of Athens was the Areopagus. It consisted of ex-archons and was aristocratic in character.

 بولى صولون

The Athenian boule under Solon heard appeals from the most important decisions of the courts. Those in the poorest class could not serve on the boule of 400. The higher governmental posts, archons (magistrates), were reserved for citizens of the top two income groups.

 بولاي في الدويلات اليونانية الأخرى

 مملكة مقدونيا

المقالة الرئيسية: سيندريون

 اليونان المعاصرة

المقالة الرئيسية: البرلمان الهليني

The name Boule, pronounced as Vouli in Modern Greek, is preserved in the Parliament of modern Greece; either as the name of the lower house of a bicameral parliament in 1844–1864 and 1927–1935, or the name of the unicameral Parliament in 1864–1927, 1935–1941, 1944–1967, and 1974–today.

 المراجع

• Aristotle. Constitution of Athens 4.3, 46.1, 62.3
• Hignett, Charles. A History of the Athenian Constitution. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1958.
• Jones, A.H.M. Athenian Democracy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1957.
• Rhodes, P.J. The Athenian Boule. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1972.
• Struble, Robert, Jr. Treatise on Twelve Lights, Chapter Six, "Ancient Greece".