1809
► | قرن 18 | << قرن 19 >> | قرن 20 | ◄
► | عقد 1770 | عقد 1780 | عقد 1790 | << عقد 1800 >> | عقد 1810 | عقد 1820 | عقد 1830 | ◄
► | ► | 1804 | 1805 | 1806 | 1807 | 1808 | << 1809 >> | 1810 | 1811 | 1812 | 1813 | 1814 | ◄ | ◄
تحويل 1-1-1809م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | تحويل 31-12-1809م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1809
| الألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| القرون: | القرن 18 - القرن 19 - القرن 20 |
| العقود: | عقد 1770 عقد 1780 عقد 1790 - عقد 1800 - عقد 1810 عقد 1820 عقد 1830 |
| السنوات: | 1806 1807 1808 - 1809 - 1810 1811 1812 |
| 1809 في موضوعات: |
| الإنسانيات |
| الآثار – العمارة – الفن – الأدب (الشعر) – الموسيقى |
| حسب البلد |
| مصر – سوريا - إيران – الصين - فرنسا – ألمانيا – الدولة العثمانية – إيطاليا - اسبانيا - المغرب– روسيا - اليابان – البرازيل - الهند - المملكة المتحدة – الولايات المتحدة – إندونسيا |
| موضوعات أخرى |
| السكك الحديدية – العلوم – الرياضة |
| قوائم الزعماء |
| الدول ذات السيادة – زعماء الدول – حكام الأقاليم – الزعماء الدينيون |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات |
| المواليد – الوفيات |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات |
| تصنيف الأعمال |
| الأعمال |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1809 MDCCCIX |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 2562 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 1258 ԹՎ ՌՄԾԸ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 6559 |
| التقويم البهائي | −35 – −34 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 1216 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2759 |
| سنة العهد البريطاني | 49 Geo. 3 – 50 Geo. 3 |
| التقويم البوذي | 2353 |
| التقويم البورمي | 1171 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 7317–7318 |
| التقويم الصيني | 戊辰年 (التراب التنين) 4505 أو 4445 — إلى — 己巳年 (التراب الثعبان) 4506 أو 4446 |
| التقويم القبطي | 1525–1526 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2975 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1801–1802 |
| التقويم العبري | 5569–5570 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1865–1866 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1731–1732 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4910–4911 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11809 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 809–810 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 1187–1188 |
| التقويم الهجري | 1223–1224 |
| التقويم الياباني | Bunka 6 (文化６年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | الگريگوري ناقص 12 يوم |
| التقويم الكوري | 4142 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 103 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前103年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 2352 |
سنة 1809 (MDCCCIX) كانت سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الأحد (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 1809 بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 809 في الألفية 2، السنة 9 في القرن 19، والسنة 10 والأخيرة في عقد 1800 بين 1583 و 1929 ومع فارق 1809 is 12 يوم عن التقويم اليوليوسي، والذين ظلوا مستخدمين حتى التحول الكامل إلى التقويم الگريگوري في 1929.
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أحداث
يناير-مارس
- 5 يناير - معاهدة الدردنيل، بين المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندة والدولة العثمانية، تــُـبرَم.
- 10 يناير - حرب شبه الجزيرة - French Marshal Jean Lannes begins the حصار سرقسطة.
- 16 يناير - Peninsular War - Battle of Corunna in Galicia (Spain): The British (under General Sir John Moore، who is killed) resist an attempt by the French (under Marshal Soult) to prevent them embarking.
- 3 فبراير - The Illinois Territory is created from western part of إقليم إنديانا.
- 8 فبراير - Franz I of Austria declares war on France.
- 11 فبراير - Robert Fulton patents the steamboat in the United States.[1][2]
- February 12 - Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln are born.
- 17 فبراير - Miami University (Ohio) is established (by Act of February 2) on the township of land required to be set aside for it, under the conditions of the Miami Purchase in 1794.
- February 20
- United States v. Peters: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that the power of the federal government is greater than any individual state.
- The Siege of Zaragoza ends as Jose Palafox surrenders. Over 60,000 have been killed, during the 60 day siege.
- 25 فبراير - Battle of Valls: Spanish forces are defeated in Catalonia by Marshal Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr.
- February 27 - Action of 27 February 1809: Captain Bernard Dubourdieu captures HMS Proserpine.
- March 1 - The Embargo Act of 1807 is repealed in the United States; the Non-Intercourse Act replaces it.
- March 4 - James Madison is sworn in as the fourth President of the United States.
- March 13 - A military coup ousts Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden; he is confined in Gripsholm Castle.
- March 29
- At the Diet of Porvoo، Finland's four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia، commencing the secession of the future Grand Principality of Finland from Sweden. The Emperor, in return, promises to retain and uphold former laws and privileges, as well as the dominant Lutheran religion. His pledge is later interpreted by the Finns as a confirmation of constitutional laws، which had, effectively, established Finland as a separate state in real union with the Russia.
- King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after the Coup of 1809 and is later exiled.
- Peninsular War -
- First Battle of Porto: 18,000 Portuguese soldiers are drowned in a rout, after defeat by the French under Marshal Soult.
- Battle of Medellín at Extremadura: Massive Spanish casualties are suffered, in a rout by French cavalry, under Marshal Victor.
أبريل-يونيو
- April 9 - Tiroleans rise، under the command of Andreas Hofer، against French and Bavarian occupation.
- April 10 - Napoleonic Wars - The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria.
- April 11-15 - Napoleonic Wars - Battle of the Basque Roads: The British Royal Navy defeats the French fleet in the mouth of the Charente، although officers on both sides face subsequent courts-martial.
- April 14 - Battle of Abensberg، Bavaria: Napoleon defeats Austria.
- April 18 - The 2,000 Guineas Stakes horse race is first run in England.[3]
- April 19 - War of the Fifth Coalition -
- Battle of Raszyn: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw.
- Battle of Teugen-Hausen: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the French and their Bavarian allies.
- April 22 - Battle of Eckmühl: French troops under Napoleon I and Marshal Davout defeat the Austrians, under Archduke Charles.
- May 5
- Mary Kies is the first American woman to be awarded a patent (for a technique of weaving straw hats with silk and thread).[4]
- The Swiss canton of Aargau declares Jews citizens.
- May 10 - Gustav IV Adolf is officially deposed from the Swedish throne, by the Riksdag of the Estates.
- May 10-11 - Peninsular War - Battle of Grijó: the Anglo-Portuguese Army، commanded by Sir Arthur Wellesley، defeats the French army, commanded by Marshal Soult، in Portugal.
- May 12 - Peninsular War - Second Battle of Porto: The Anglo-Portuguese Army, commanded by Wellesley, drives the French army, commanded by Marshal Soult, out of Porto، and forces them to retreat from the country.
- May 17 - Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire. When he announces that the Pope's secular power has ended, the Pope excommunicates him.
- May 21 - Battle of Aspern-Essling: Austrian troops under Archduke Karl beat the French under Napoleon، in a hard-fought battle.
- May 24 - Dartmoor Prison opens in England, to house French prisoners of war.[5]
- May 31 - Mauritius campaign of 1809–11 - Action of 31 May 1809 in the Bay of Bengal: The French frigate Caroline، operating from Isle de France (Mauritius)، captures most of a British East India Company fleet.
- June 6 - Sweden promulgates a new Instrument of Government، which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates، after authoritarian rule since 1772. On the same day, Duke Charles (uncle of the deposed king Gustav IV Adolf) is elected King, under the name Charles XIII.
- June 7 - Shoja Shah of the Durrani Empire signs a treaty with the British; only weeks later, he is succeeded by Mahmud Shah.
- June 14 - A French victory, in the battle of Raab، prevents archduke John of Austria from bringing any significant force to the battle of Wagram.
يوليو-سبتمبر
- July 5-6 - Battle of Wagram: Napoleon defeats the Austrians.
- July 6 - French troops arrest Pope Pius VII، and take him to Liguria.
- July 8-9 - Finnish War - Naval Battle of Porkala: The Swedish archipelago fleet defeats the Russians.
- July 10 - Battle of Znaim: French Marshal Marmont fights inconclusively against the Austrians.
- July 16 - The city of La Paz (current Bolivia) declares its independence from the Spanish Crown and forms the Junta Tuitiva, the first independent government in Spanish America, led by Pedro Domingo Murillo.
- July 28 - Peninsula War - Battle of Talavera: Sir Arthur Wellesley's British, Portuguese and Spanish army defeats a French force.[3]
- July 30 - Walcheren Campaign: A British invasion army lands on Walcheren.
- August - The يوإسإس Constitution ("Old Ironsides") is recommissioned as the flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron.
- August 8 - Seventy disciples of Vilna Gaon arrive in Palestine.
- August 10 - Ecuador declares independence from Spain.
- August 11 - Battle of Almonacid de Toledo: A poorly led Spanish army is defeated by King Joseph Bonaparte's French army.
- September 17 - Finnish War: The Peace of Hamina is signed between Russia and Sweden. The future Grand Principality of Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
- September 18 - A new theatre for the Royal Opera House opens in London to replace the first, burnt down in a fire in 1808. The price increases lead to the Old Price Riots، which last for 64 days.
- September 21 - British Secretary of War Lord Castlereagh and Foreign Secretary George Canning meet in a duel on Putney Heath، with Castlereagh wounding Canning in the thigh.
أكتوبر-ديسمبر
- October 8 - Prince Klemens von Metternich becomes foreign minister of the Austrian Empire.
- October 11 - Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee، explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.
- October 14 - The Treaty of Schönbrunn cedes the Illyrian Provinces to France.
- November 18 - Napoleonic Wars: Action of 18 November 1809 - In the Bay of Bengal، a French frigate squadron captures three British East Indiamen mainly carrying recruits for the presidency armies in India.
- November 19 - Battle of Ocaña: A Spanish army is ridden down, and 4,000 are killed and wounded by French forces.
- November 25 - Benjamin Bathurst، a British diplomat، mysteriously disappears (possibly murdered) in Perleberg، west of Berlin.
- December - Boyd massacre: Whangaroa Māori people kill and eat 66 crew and passengers of the brigantine Boyd in New Zealand.[6]
- December 25 - American physician Ephraim McDowell performs the first ovariotomy, removing a 22-pound tumor.
- December 26 - A British invasion force leaves Vlissingen.
- December 30 - Wearing masks at balls is forbidden in Boston، Massachusetts.
مجهولة التاريخ
- William Combe begins publication of the verse Tour of Dr. Syntax in search of the Picturesque in Ackermann's Political Magazine (London), illustrated with cartoons by Thomas Rowlandson، depicting comic and ridiculous scenes involving a hapless country physician, and coming to represent British Regency humour.
- Louis Poinsot describes the two remaining Kepler–Poinsot polyhedra.
- Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Philosophie Zoologique, outlining a (wrong) concept of evolution، by acquisition or loss of inherited characteristics, through use or disuse.
- British recruits to the British East India Company (and subsequently to the Indian Civil Service) are required to learn at least one Indian language fluently.
- Arorae an atoll of the Gilbert Islands was sighted by Captain John Patterson, on British brig Elizabeth.
مواليد
- 1 يناير - Cao Bá Quát، Vietnamese poet (ت. 1855)
- 4 يناير - لويس بريل معلم فرنسي، ومخترع طريقة بريل لقراءة المكفوفين (ت. 1852)
- January 6 - Marie Durocher، Brazilian obstetrician, physician (ت. 1893)
- January 15
- Cornelia Connelly، American founder of the Society of the Holy Child Jesus (ت. 1879)
- Pierre-Joseph Proudhon، French anarchist (ت. 1864)
- January 19 - Edgar Allan Poe، American writer, poet (ت. 1849)
- January 21 - Queen Sinjeong، Korean regent (ت. 1890)
- February 3 - Felix Mendelssohn، German composer (ت. 1847)
- February 12
- Charles Darwin، British naturalist (ت. 1882)
- Abraham Lincoln، 16th President of the United States (ت. 1865)
- February 15 - Cyrus McCormick، American inventor (ت. 1884)
- February 23 - William Sprague، American minister and politician from Michigan (ت. 1868)
- February 24 - Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel، Prussian field marshal (ت. 1885)
- March 2 - Abel Douay، French general (ت. 1870)
- March 15 - Joseph Jenkins Roberts، 2-time President of Liberia (ت. 1876)
- March 24 - Joseph Liouville، French mathematician (ت. 1882)
- March 27 - Georges-Eugène Haussmann، French civic planner (ت. 1891)
- March 29 - Bettino Ricasoli، Italian statesman (ت. 1880)
- April 1 - Nikolai Gogol، Russian writer (ت. 1852)
- April 15 - Hermann Grassmann، Prussian mathematician (ت. 1877)
- April 20 - James David Forbes، Scottish physicist, geologist, inventor (ت. 1868)
- May 20 - Albert Newsam، American artist (ت. 1864)
- May 22 - Constantin A. Crețulescu، 7th Prime Minister of Romania (ت. 1884)
- May 23 - Hugo von Kirchbach، Prussian general (ت. 1887)
- June 4
- Columbus Delano، American statesman (ت. 1896)
- John Henry Pratt، English clergyman and mathematician (ت. 1871)
- June 8 - Richard Wigginton Thompson، American politician (ت. 1900)
- June 11 - Juan Antonio Pezet، Peruvian general and politician, President of Peru (ت. 1879)
- June 18 - Stephen Greenleaf Bulfinch، American minister, hymn writer (d 1870)
- June 20 - Isaak August Dorner، German theologian (ت. 1884)
- June 27 - François Certain de Canrobert، French general, Marshal of France (ت. 1895)
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يوليو-ديسمبر
- July 2 - John R. Goldsborough، United States Navy commodore (ت. 1877)
- July 9 - Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle، German-Jewish anatomist, physician (ت. 1885)
- July 16 - Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz، Prussian general (ت. 1877)
- July 31 - Francis Walker، English entomologist (ت. 1874)
- August 6 - Alfred, Lord Tennyson، British poet (ت. 1892)
- August 8 - Heinrich Abeken، German theologian (ت. 1872)
- August 27 - Hannibal Hamlin، 15th Vice President of the United States، American politician (ت. 1891)
- August 29 - Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.، American physician, writer (ت. 1894)
- September 4 - Manuel Montt، 5th President of Chile (ت. 1880)
- September 12 - Julius von Bose، Prussian general (ت. 1894)
- September 27 - Raphael Semmes، American and Confederate naval officer (ت. 1877)
- October 22 - Volney E. Howard، American politician (ت. 1889)
- November 4 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis، Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (ت. 1874)
- November 10 - David Einhorn (rabbi)، German-American abolitionist (ت. 1879)
- November 20 - Gustav Koerner، German-born revolutionary, journalist, lawyer, politician, statesman of Illinois and Germany, Colonel of the U.S. Army (ت. 1896)
- November 27 - Fanny Kemble، British-born American actress, writer (ت. 1893)
- December 5 - Edmond Le Bœuf، French general, Marshal of France (ت. 1888)
- December 24 - Kit Carson، American frontiersman (ت. 1868)
- December 29 - William Ewart Gladstone، Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (ت. 1898)
- December 30 - Wilhelm von Tümpling، Prussian general (ت. 1884)
مجهولة التاريخ
- Ștefan Golescu، 8th Prime Minister of Romania (ت. 1874)
- Samuel Ajayi Crowther، 1st Black Anglican Bishop, pioneer linguist (ت. 1891)
- Henry K. Hoff، American admiral (ت. 1878)
- Esther Leach، English-Indian actress (ت. 1843)
وفيات
يناير-يونيو
- January 6 - Johann Augustus Eberhard، German theologian, philosopher (و. 1739)
- January 16 - John Moore، British general (killed in battle) (و. 1761)
- January 20 - Thomson J. Skinner، American politician (و. 1752)
- February 6 - Antoine Joseph Santerre، French general (و. 1752)
- February 20 - Richard Gough، English antiquary (و. 1735)
- February 25 - John Murray، 4th Earl of Dunmore (Lord Dunmore)
- March 7 - Johann Georg Albrechtsberger، Austrian composer (و. 1736)
- March 11 - Hannah Cowley، English dramatist, poet (و. 1743)
- March 18 - Karoline Kaulla، German banker (و. 1739)
- March 20 - Mary Bateman، English woman executed for murder, known as the Yorkshire Witch
- March 25 - Anna Seward، English writer (و. 1747)
- March 27 - Joseph-Marie Vien، French painter (و. 1716)
- April 6
- Hardy Murfree، American soldier (و. 1752)
- Jean-Pierre Saint-Ours، Swiss artist (و. 1752)
- April 26 - Bernhard Schott، German music publisher (و. 1748)[7]
- May 13 - Beilby Porteus، English bishop, abolitionist (و. 1731)
- May 17 - Leopold Auenbrugger، Austrian physician (و. 1722)
- May 24 - Charles Rainsford، British general (و. 1728)
- May 29 - Johannes von Müller، Swiss historian (و. 1752)
- May 31
- Joseph Haydn، Austrian classical composer (و. 1732)
- Jean Lannes، French marshal (mortally wounded in battle (و. 1769)
- June 4 - Nicolai Abildgaard، Danish painter (و. 1743)
- June 8 - Thomas Paine، American revolutionary writer (و. 1737)
- June 15 - Sir George Baker, 1st Baronet، British physician (و. 1722)
- June 21 - Daniel Lambert، English gaol keeper and animal breeder, famous for his unusually large size (و. 1770)
يوليو-ديسمبر
- July 6 - Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle، French cavalry general (killed in battle) (و. 1775)
- July 22 - Jean Senebier، Swiss pastor, botanist (و. 1742)
- August 8 - Ueda Akinari، Japanese author, scholar (و. 1734)
- August 18 - Matthew Boulton، English manufacturer, engineer (و. 1728)
- August 29 - Lucy Barnes، American writer (و. 1780)
- September 1 - Johann Friedrich August Göttling، German chemist (و. 1753)
- September 3 - George Coventry, 6th Earl of Coventry، English noble and politician (و. 1722)
- September 7 - Caroline Schelling، German scholar (و. 1763)
- October 8 - James Elphinston، Scottish philologist (و. 1721)
- October 11 - Meriwether Lewis، American explorer (suicide) (و. 1774)
- October 30 - William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland، Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (و. 1738)
- November 9 - Paul Sandby، English cartographer, painter (و. 1725)
- November 28 - Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres، German lepidopterist (و. 1769)
- December 16 - Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy، French chemist (و. 1755)
الهامش
- ^ "Robert Fulton patented the steamboat in 1809". Thinkfinity. Verizon. Archived from the original on يوليو 24, 2011. Retrieved أبريل 15, 2011.
- ^ "The Fulton Patents". Today in Science History. Retrieved 2011-04-15.
- ^ أ ب Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 243–244. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Mary Kies - Patenting Pioneer". About.com. Retrieved 2007-05-14.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ "The Boyd incident - a frontier of chaos?". New Zealand History online. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 2011-12-07. Retrieved 2012-03-03.
- ^ Brück, Marion: Schott, Peter Bernhard. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Bd. 23, Berlin قالب:NDB/Jahr, S. 486–487.