ساچم
(تم التحويل من Sachem)
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تمثال دانيال نيمهام، ساتشم واپنگر.
ساچم sachem أو ساگامورى sagamore، هو كبير زعماء الألگونكوين أو القبائل الأمريكية الشمالية الشرقية الأخرى.[1][2][3][4]
عام 1621 بناء على اقتراح العبد السابق سكوانتو، قام حجاج مستعمرة پليموث بزيارة قبيلة ماساسويت ووقعوا مع الزعيم ساچم من وامپانواگ اتفاقية سلام لدعمهم ضد قبيلة ناراگانست القوية.
أصل الكلمة
الكلمات المشابهة
| العائلة | اللغة | الكلمة | الملاحظات |
|---|---|---|---|
| ألگونكوين الشرقية | Proto-Eastern Algonquian | *sākimāw | Reconstructed original |
| Lenape | sakima | derived from earlier form sakimaw[5] | |
| Narragansett | sâchim | anglicized as sachem[6] | |
| Eastern Abnaki | sakəma | anglicized as sagamore[6] | |
| Malecite-Passamaquoddy | sakom | [7] | |
| Western Abnaki | sôgmô | [8] | |
| ألگونكوين الوسطى | Proto-Central Algonquian | *hākimāw | Reconstructed original |
| Anishinaabe | ogimaa | [9] | |
| ألگونكوين | ogimà | [10] | |
| Ottawa | gimaa | [11] | |
| Potawatomi | wgema | anglicised as Ogema | |
| Northern East Cree | uchimaa | [12] | |
| Southern East Cree | uchimaa | [13] | |
| Naskapi | iiyuuchimaaw | [14] |
الزعماء
في الثقافة العامة
- James Fenimore Cooper featured a character called "The Sagamore" in his novel The Last of the Mohicans.
- Pentucket Regional High School in West Newbury, MA refers to all of its athletic teams as the "Sachems".
- Algonquin Regional High School in Northborough, MA. named its art and poetry magazine "Sachem" after this Algonquin word.
- Middleborough High School in Middleboro, MA refers to all of its athletic teams as the "Sachems".
- Theodore Roosevelt named his home near Oyster Bay, New York on Long Island, Sagamore Hill.
- "Sachem" was a title adopted by leaders of the Tammany societies, notably in Tammany Hall in New York City. The eponymous Tammany was a sachem of the Lenape.
- In the 1940s, the legislature of Indiana created the honorary title of "Sagamore of the Wabash", analogous to Kentucky Colonel. In 1996, the government designated "Sachem of the Wabash" as a higher honor.[15]
- One of the oldest weekly newspapers in Canada is called "The Grand River Sachem". It has been publishing since 1856 and is located in Caledonia, ON.
المصادر
- ^ "sachem". [[American Heritage Dictionary]] (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2000.
{{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ "sagamore". [[American Heritage Dictionary]] (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2000.
{{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ "sachem". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "sagamore". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "sakima". Lenape Talking Dictionary. Retrieved 2011-02-19.
- ^ أ ب Goddard, Ives (1978). "Eastern Algonquian languages", in "Northeast", ed. Bruce G. Trigger. Vol. 15 of Handbook of North American Indians, ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pg. 75
- ^ Francis, David A., Sr. et al. Maliseet - Passamaquoddy Dictionary. Mi'kmaq - Maliseet Institute
- ^ Laurent, Joseph (1884) New familiar Abenakis and English dialogues the first ever published on the grammatical system
- ^ Nichols, John, and Earl Nyholm. (1995). A Concise Dictionary of Minnesota Ojibwe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press
- ^ Mcgregor, Ernest. (1994). Algonquin Lexicon. Maniwaki, QC: Kitigan Zibi Education Council.
- ^ Rhodes, Richard A. (1985). Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
- ^ Bobbish-Salt, Luci et al. (2004–06). Northern EastCree Dictionary. Cree School Board.
- ^ Neeposh, Ella et al. (2004–07). Southern EastCree Dictionary. Cree School Board.
- ^ MacKenzie, Marguerite and Bill Jancewicz. (1994). Naskapi lexicon. Kawawachikamach, Quebec: Naskapi Development Corp.
- ^ Governor's press release announcing creation of the Sachem
وصلات خارجية
الكلمات الدالة: