رئيس الأركان الإسرائيلي

(تم التحويل من Ramatkal)
Chief the General Staff
ראש המטה הכללי
Armoiries de l'état major de tsahal.svg
Flag of IDF Chief of Staff.svg
Flag of the Chief of the General Staff
Herzi Halevi RAV ALUF.jpg
الحالي
رڤ ألوف هرتسي هالڤي
منذ 16 يناير 2023
Ministry of Defense
الاختصارRamatkal
عضوGeneral Staff
يرأسهMinister of Defense
المقعدRabin Camp, HaKirya, Tel Aviv
المرشـِّحMinister of Defense
المعيـِّنCabinet of Israel
طول المدة3 years;
renewable
التشكل1 يونيو 1947; منذ 77 سنة (1947-06-01
أول شاغلRav Aluf Yaakov Dori
النائبDeputy chief of the general staff

رئيس الأركان الإسرائيلي (بالعبرية: ראש המטה הכללי‎, Rosh HaMateh HaKlali، واختصارها: Ramatkal—רמטכ"ל)، هو القائد الأعلى ورئيس أركان جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي. ويكون رئيس الدفاع ضابط إسرائيلي برتبة رڤ ألوف. وهي من أعلى الرتب في جيش الدفاع ، وتكافئ رتبة (بالعبرية: רב-אלוף‎) (جنرال) في الجيوش الغربية.

At any given time, the Chief of the General Staff is the only active officer holding the IDF's highest rank, rav aluf (רַב־אַלּוּף), which is usually translated into English as lieutenant general, a three-star rank. The only exception to this rule occurred during the Yom Kippur War, when former Chief of the General Staff Haim Bar-Lev, who was a cabinet member at the outbreak of and during the war, was brought out of retirement and installed as chief of Southern Command.[1] For a brief period, he and Chief of the General Staff David Elazar were both in active service with the rank of rav aluf.

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التاريخ

The role of the Chief of the General Staff began with the Haganah organization, where it was named after the head of the general staff of the Haganah. With the establishment of the IDF, the Chief of Defense and the Chief of Staff, headed by Yaakov Dori, were converted to head the IDF.[2]

The chief of the general staff is officially appointed for a three-year term, which can be extended for another year. An exception was Rafael Eitan, whose term was extended twice, and he served a total of five years.[3] On the other hand, there were several chiefs of staff who did not complete their full term: Yigal Yadin resigned amid disagreements over the IDF budget,[4] Mordechai Maklef served for only one year at his request,[5] David Elazar was forced to resign following the recommendations of the Agranat Commission investigating the Yom Kippur War,[6] and Dan Halutz resigned due to criticism of the Second Lebanon War.[7] Also, two chiefs of staff have given up part of their tenure extension: Amnon Lipkin-Shahak wanted to end his term in the middle of the fourth year, due to his desire to move into politics and run for prime minister. Haim Laskov asked not to serve a fourth year due to his disagreements with Shimon Peres.[بحاجة لمصدر]

In 2005, Ariel Sharon and Shaul Mofaz did not extend Moshe Ya'alon's term to a fourth year,[8] during which he was interpreted as a dismissal in light of Ya'alon's opposition to the disengagement plan. In order to prevent such problems in the future, and as was done for other positions such as that of the President of the State, Defense Minister Amir Peretz appointed Major General Gabi Ashkenazi in 2007 for a period of four years, thus removing the uncertainty regarding the addition of the fourth year. Ashkenazi raised the issue of extending his term to a fifth year.[9]

At the end of his term, the Chief of the General Staff (like other senior members of the Israeli defense establishment) has a cooling-off period of three years before he can be elected a Member of the Knesset, be appointed a Minister in the Government or be elected Prime Minister.[بحاجة لمصدر]


المنصب القانوني

The position of ramatkal is defined in the Basic Law: The Military (1976), clause three:[10]

  • The supreme command rank in the military is that of the Chief of the General Staff
  • The Chief of the General Staff is to be placed under the authority of the government and subordinate to the Defense Minister
  • The Chief of the General Staff is to be appointed by the government, according to the recommendation of the Defense Minister

The Chief of the General Staff is formally appointed once every three years, with the government often extending the term to four years, and in one occasion, even five.

الأهمية

Given the importance of the IDF in Israeli society, the Chief of the General Staff is an important public figure in Israel. On appointment of a new Chief of the General Staff, mass-circulation papers such as Yedioth Ahronoth and Israel Hayom customarily provide their readers with large-scale portrait photos of the new Chief. Former Chiefs of the General Staff often parlay the prominence of their position into political life, and sometimes the business world.[بحاجة لمصدر] Two Chiefs of the General Staff (Yitzhak Rabin and Ehud Barak) have become Prime Minister of Israel[11][12] and eleven others (Yigael Yadin, Moshe Dayan, Tzvi Tzur, Haim Bar-Lev, Mordechai Gur, Rafael Eitan, Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, Shaul Mofaz, Moshe Ya'alon, Gabi Ashkenazi, and Benny Gantz) have served in the Knesset.[13] Of these, only Tzur did not get appointed to the Cabinet.

Six former Chiefs of the General Staff (Dayan, Rabin, Barak, Mofaz, Ya'alon, and Gantz) held the position of Defense Minister, widely considered to be one of the most powerful ministerial posts in the country and the immediate civilian superior of the Chief of the General Staff.[بحاجة لمصدر] Moshe Dayan served also as Foreign Minister. Soon after his discharge, Dan Halutz became the CEO of a car importer.[14] Ehud Barak took a hiatus from politics twice after defeats for re-election and pursued international business ventures.[بحاجة لمصدر]

قائمة رؤساء أركان جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي

№ Chief of Staff Took office Left office Time in office
1
Yaakov Dori
Dori, YaakovRav Aluf Yaakov Dori
(1899–1973)		1 June 19479 November 19492 years, 161 days
2
Yigael Yadin
Yadin, YigaelRav Aluf Yigael Yadin
(1917–1984)		9 November 19497 December 19523 years, 28 days
3
Mordechai Maklef
Maklef, MordechaiRav Aluf Mordechai Maklef
(1920–1978)		7 December 19526 December 1953364 days
4
Moshe Dayan
Dayan, MosheRav Aluf Moshe Dayan
(1915–1981)		6 December 195329 January 19584 years, 54 days
5
Haim Laskov
Laskov, HaimRav Aluf Haim Laskov
(1919–1982)		29 January 19581 January 19612 years, 338 days
6
Tzvi Tzur
Laskov, HaimRav Aluf Tzvi Tzur
(1923–2004)		1 January 19611 January 19643 years, 0 day
7
Yitzhak Rabin
Rabin, YitzhakRav Aluf Yitzhak Rabin
(1922–1995)		1 January 19641 January 19684 years, 0 day
8
Haim Bar-Lev
Bar-Lev, HaimRav Aluf Haim Bar-Lev
(1924–1994)		1 January 19681 January 19724 years, 0 day
9
David Elazar
Elazar, DavidRav Aluf David Elazar
(1925–1976)		1 January 19723 April 19742 years, 92 days
-
Yitzhak Hofi
Hofi, YitzhakAluf Yitzhak Hofi (Acting)
(1927–2014)		3 April 197416 April 197413 days
10
Mordechai Gur
Gur, MordechaiRav Aluf Mordechai Gur
(1930–1995)		16 April 197416 April 19784 years, 0 day
11
Rafael Eitan
Eitan, RafaelRav Aluf Rafael Eitan
(1929–2004)		16 April 197819 April 19835 years, 3 days
12
Moshe Levi
Levi, MosheRav Aluf Moshe Levi
(1936–2008)		19 April 198319 April 19874 years, 0 day
13
Dan Shomron
Shomron, DanRav Aluf Dan Shomron
(1937–2008)		19 April 19871 April 19913 years, 347 days
14
Ehud Barak
Barak, EhudRav Aluf Ehud Barak
(born 1942)		1 April 19911 January 19953 years, 275 days
15
Amnon Lipkin-Shahak
Lipkin-Shahak, AmnonRav Aluf Amnon Lipkin-Shahak
(1944–2012)		1 January 19959 يوليو 19983 years, 189 days
16
Shaul Mofaz
Mofaz, ShaulRav Aluf Shaul Mofaz
(born 1948)		9 يوليو 19989 يوليو 20024 years, 0 day
17
Moshe Ya'alon
Ya'alon, MosheRav Aluf Moshe Ya'alon
(born 1950)		9 يوليو 20021 June 20052 years, 327 days
18
Dan Halutz
Halutz, DanRav Aluf Dan Halutz
(born 1948)		1 June 200514 فبراير 20071 years, 258 days
19
Gabi Ashkenazi
Ashkenazi, GabiRav Aluf Gabi Ashkenazi
(born 1954)		14 فبراير 200714 فبراير 20114 years, 0 day
20
Benny Gantz
Gantz, BennyRav Aluf Benny Gantz
(born 1959)		14 فبراير 201116 فبراير 20154 years, 2 days
21
گادي آيزنكوت
Eizenkot, Gadiگادي آيزنكوت
(born 1960)		16 فبراير 201515 يناير 20193 years, 333 days[15][16]
22
أڤيڤ كوخاڤي
Kohavi, Avivأڤيڤ كوخاڤي
(born 1964)		15 January 201916 January 20234 years, 1 days[17]
23
هرتسي هالڤي
Halevi, Herziهرتسي هالڤي
(born 1967)		16 January 2023Incumbent1 years, 309 days[18]


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خط زمني

Herzi HaleviAviv KohaviGadi EizenkotBenny GantzGabi AshkenaziDan HalutzMoshe Ya'alonShaul MofazAmnon Lipkin-ShahakEhud BarakDan ShomronMoshe LeviRafael EitanMordechai GurYitzhak HofiDavid ElazarHaim Bar-LevYitzhak RabinTzvi TzurHaim LaskovMoshe DayanMordechai MaklefYigael YadinYaakov Dori

الهامش

  1. ^ "Lt. Gen. Chaim Bar Lev (1968-1972)". www.idf.il. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  2. ^ "Lt. Gen. Yaacov Dori (1948-1949)". Israel Defense Forces. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  3. ^ "Cabinet Extends Eitan's Item; Appoints Mandelbaum As the Governor of the Bank of Israel". Jewish Telegraphic Agency (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 1982-01-04. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  4. ^ "Lt. Gen. Yigal Yadin (1949-1952)". Israel Defense Forces. Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  5. ^ "Lt. Gen. Mordechai Maklef (1952-1953)". Israel Defense Forces. Archived from the original on 2021-12-24. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  6. ^ "Lt. Gen. David Elazar (1972-1974)". Israel Defense Forces. Archived from the original on 2020-02-02. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  7. ^ Greenberg, Hanan (2007-01-16). "IDF Chief Halutz resigns". Ynetnews (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2007-01-18. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  8. ^ Greenberg, Hanan (2005-02-15). "Mofaz ends Chief of Staff's tenure". Ynetnews (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  9. ^ Ginsburg, Mitch (2012-03-04). "Timeline of a high-ranking feud". The Times of Israel (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2012-03-06. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
  10. ^ "Basic Law: The Military". Knesset. Archived from the original on 2003-04-23. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  11. ^ "Lt. Gen. Yitzhak Rabin (1964-1968)". Israel Defence Forces. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  12. ^ "Lt. Gen. Ehud Barak (1991-1995)". Israel Defence Forces. Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  13. ^ Keinon, Herb (6 August 2020). "The virtues and pitfalls of former IDF chiefs of staff entering politics". The Jerusalem Post (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  14. ^ Hazani, Golan (2007-10-10). "Dan Halutz named CEO of Kamor Motors". Ynetnews (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  15. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة past-chiefs
  16. ^ Ginsburg, Mitch. "Maj. Gen. Gadi Eizenkot to be named 21st commander of IDF". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 27 January 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
  17. ^ "Outgoing IDF Chief of Staff Gadi Eisenkot - A look back". The Jerusalem Post (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 11 January 2019. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  18. ^ Fabian, Emanuel (16 January 2023). "Herzi Halevi formally takes over as chief of staff, vows to keep politics out of IDF". The Times of Israel (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
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