جزيرة فايال

Faial Island

الاسم الأصلي: Ilha do Faial
Island of Faial, as seen from the summit of the island of Pico
Location of the island of Faial in the archipelago of the Azores
الجغرافيا
الموقع	Atlantic Ocean
الإحداثيات	38°34′33″N 28°42′45″W
المساحة	173.06 km2 (66.82 sq mi)
الطول	21٫20 km (13٫173 mi)
العرض	16٫29 km (10٫122 mi)
الإدارة
Portugal
Autonomous Region	Azores
السكان
اسم المواطن	Faialense
التعداد	14,875 (2001)
الجماعات العرقية	Portuguese

خريطة فايال

جزيرة فايال (Faial Island ؛ النطق في البرتغالية: [fɐˈjaɫ])، والتي تُعرف أيضاً في الإنگليزية Fayal هي جزيرة برتغالية of the Central Group (Portuguese: Grupo Central) of the Azores. The Capelinhos Volcano, the westernmost point of the island, might as well be the westernmost point of Europe, if the Monchique Islet, near Flores Island, is considered part of North America, for it sits on the North American Plate.

With its nearest neighbours, Pico (east across the channel) and São Jorge (northeast across the channel), it forms an area commonly known as the Triângulo (English: Triangle). The island has also been referred to as the Ilha Azul (English: Blue Island), derived from the writings of Portuguese poet Raul Brandão, due to the large quantity of hydrangeas that bloom during the summer months:

"The man that had the idea to border the road with these plants should have a statue on the island. In no other place, do they prosper better: they need a covering of light, humidity and heat...they are in their place. Their blue, is the blue that adorns the Azores on lipid days...this is a blue that is even more blue, the bunches of flowers of a colour more intense and more fresh. They are in every direction: rising along the roads and the fields forming hedges; they serve to divide the parcels and to cover the peaceful animals."

— Raul Brandão، As Ilhas Desconhecidas (1926), p.33

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 التاريخ

أثناء حرب 1812، هاجمت السفن البريطانية Plantagenet, روتا, و كارنيشن سفينة المرتزقة الأمريكية  جنرال أرمسترونگ في 26 أكتوبر 1814 في ميناء فايول

The people of Faial were active participants in the struggles between the Liberals and Absolutionists, finally deciding to favor the Liberals, welcoming the visit of King Pedro IV in 1832. For its loyalty, Horta was elevated to status of town.

The bark Azor, the most popular of all the Fayal ships.

 الجغرافيا

The view of the central Caldera (برتغالية: Caldeira) as seen from the southern rim of Cabeço Gordo

The mineral fayalite is named for this island, having been first identified and described here in 1840. It is an iron-rich expression within the olivine family.

 المناطق البيئية والمحمية

المقالة الرئيسية: فايال، منتزه الطبيعة

Capelinhos Volcano and Ponta dos Capelinhos (including Lighthouse)

North coast as seen from Cabeço Verde

Cabeço dos Trinto in the Central Zone of the island of Pico

 انظر أيضاً

• قائمة البراكين في الآزور
• كوندور، الجبل الغاطس، جبل تحت المحيط يقع على بعد 17 كم غرب-جنوب غرب جزيرة فايال.

 المراجع

الهامش

المصادر

• Daniel, Luís; Soares, Natacha, eds. (2003). Faial, Açores: Guia do Património Cultural [Faial, Azores: Guide to the Cultural Heritage] (in Portuguese). Horta (Azores), Portugal: Atlantic View – Actividades Turísticos, Lda.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• Caldas, J.V. (2000). Atlântida, vol.XLV. Instituto Açoreano de Culutra, Angra do Heroísmo.
• Frutuoso, G. (2003). Saudades da Terra, Vol.6. Instituto Culutral de Ponta Delgada.
• Lucidus (1988). Atlas Turístico: Açores. Lucidus Publicações, Lda., Lisbon.
• Scarth, A.; J.C. Tanguy (2001). Volcanoes of Europe. Oxford University Press. p. 243 pp. ISBN 0-19-521754-3.
• Tostões, A.; F.J. Silva; J. Vieira; M. Lurdes Janeiro; N. Barcelos; V. Mestre (1989). Arquitectura Popular dos Açores. Ordem dos Arquitectos, Ponta Delgada.
• Brandão, Raul (1926). As Ilhas Desconhecidas [The Unknown Islands] (PDF). Lisbon, Portugal: Livrarias Aillaud & Bertrand. Archived from the original on 2014-09-25.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
• Machado, Adriane; Azevedo, José M. M.; Alemeida, Delia P.M.; Farid Chemale Jr. (2008). "Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks from Faial Island (Azores)" (PDF). 5 (1). Lisbon: e-Terra, GEOTIC – Sociedade Geológica de Portugal: 1–14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-11. Retrieved 2010-04-16. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
• Rocha, Gilberta Pavão Nunes (2007). "A população da ilha do Faial no contexto açoriano 1950–1970" [Faial Population in the Azorean Archipelago 1950–1970] (PDF) (in Portuguese). 16. Horta (Azores), Portugal: Boletim do Núcleo Cultural da Horta: 117–136. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

 وصلات خارجية

• (in إنگليزية) The Azores Islands, Site about Portuguese Azores Islands
• Sata Airlines – the only airline serving the island