گلن‌روثس

Glenrothes غالية اسكتلندية: Gleann Rathais سكوتس: Glenrothes
Aerial view of Glenrothes taken from southeast
Glenrothes Location within Fife
Area	8 sq mi (21 km2)
Population	38٬510 (mid-2016 est.)
• Density	4,814/sq mi (1,859/km2)
OS grid reference	NO281015
• Edinburgh	32 mi (51 km)
• London	444 mi (715 km)
Council area	Fife
Lieutenancy area	Fife
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	GLENROTHES
Postcode district	KY6, KY7
Dialling code	01592
Police	Scotland
Fire	Scottish
Ambulance	Scottish
EU Parliament	Scotland
UK Parliament	Glenrothes
Scottish Parliament	Mid Fife and Glenrothes

Glenrothes (listen ; /ɡlɛnˈrɒθᵻs/, glen-ROTH-iss; سكوتس: Glenrothes; غالية اسكتلندية: Gleann Rathais) is a town situated in the heart of Fife, in east-central Scotland. It is about 30 miles (48 km) north of Edinburgh and 30 miles (48 km) south of Dundee. The town had a population of 39,277 in the 2011 census, making it the third largest settlement in Fife and the 18th most populous settlement in Scotland. The name Glenrothes comes from its historical link with the Earl of Rothes, who owned much of the land on which the new town has been built; "Glen" (Scottish for valley) was added to the name to avoid confusion with Rothes in Moray and in recognition that the town lies in a river valley. The motto of Glenrothes is Ex terra vis, meaning "From the earth strength", which dates back to the founding of the town.

Planned in the late 1940s as one of Scotland's first post-second world war new towns, its original purpose was to house miners who were to work at a newly established coal mine, the Rothes Colliery. After the mine closed, the town developed as an important industrial centre in Scotland's Silicon Glen between 1961 and 2000, with several major electronics and hi-tech companies setting up facilities in the town. The Glenrothes Development Corporation (GDC), a quasi-autonomous non-governmental organisation, was established to develop, manage and promote the new town. The GDC, supported by the local authority, oversaw the governance of Glenrothes until the GDC was wound up in 1995, after which all responsibility was transferred to Fife Council.

Glenrothes is a major service centre and is the administrative capital of Fife, containing the headquarters of both Fife Council and Police Scotland Fife Division. It is a centre for excellence within the high-tech electronics and manufacturing sectors; several organisations have their global headquarters in Glenrothes. Public services and service industries are also important to the town's economy. Major employers include Bosch Rexroth (hydraulics manufacturing), Fife College (education), Leviton (fibre optics manufacturing) and Raytheon (defence and electronics). Glenrothes is unique in Fife as much of the town centre floorspace is internalised within Fife's largest shopping centre, the Kingdom Shopping Centre. Public facilities include a regional sports and leisure centre, two golf courses, major parks, a civic centre and theatre and a college campus.

The town has won multiple horticultural awards in the "Beautiful Scotland" and "Britain in Bloom" contests for the quality of its parks and landscaping. It has numerous outdoor sculptures and artworks, a result of the appointment of town artists in the early development of the town. The A92 trunk road provides the principal access to the town, passing through Glenrothes and connecting it to the wider Scottish motorway and trunk road network. A major bus station is located in the town centre, providing regional and local bus services to surrounding settlements.

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 Manufacturing and engineering industries

Glenrothes Industry Employed compared according to UK Census 2011
	Glenrothes	Fife	Scotland
Area Committee Total Population	50,701	366,910	5,327,700
All Persons 16-74 in Employment	23,493	167,326	2,516,895
% Primary Industry	3.0%	2.4%	3.3%
% Manufacturing	14.9%	10.0%	7.7%
% Utilities	1.3%	1.4%	1.6%
% Construction	8.2%	8.2%	8.0%
% Wholesale, Retail & Transport	19.4%	18.6%	19.9%
% Accommodation and Food	4.8%	5.6%	6.3%
% ICT	2.2%	3.0%	2.7%
% Finance & Professional	15.6%	19.1%	20.1%
% Public Sector	8.6%	7.8%	7.0%
% Education & Health sector	21.9%	23.8%	23.4%

 المراجع

 ببليوگرافيا

• Cowling, David (1997). An Essay for Today – The Scottish New Towns 1947-1997 (1st ed.). Edinburgh: Rutland Press. ISBN 1-873190-47-6.
• Ferguson, Keith (1982). A History of Glenrothes (1st ed.). Glenrothes: Glenrothes Development Corporation. ASIN B001P4JSI0.
• Ferguson, Keith (1996). A New Town's Heritage: Glenrothes 1948-1995 (1st ed.). Glenrothes: Glenrothes Development Corporation. ISBN 0-9502603-4-7.
• Glenrothes Development Corporation (1966). Glenrothes – A Guide to Scotland's New Town in Fife. Glenrothes: Glenrothes Development Corporation.
• Glenrothes Development Corporation (1970). Glenrothes – New Town Masterplan Report. Glenrothes: Glenrothes Development Corporation. OCLC 156675029.
• Glenrothes Development Corporation (1983). Glenrothes Development Profile. Glenrothes: Glenrothes Development Corporation. OCLC 316174877.
• Omand, Donald (2000). The Fife Book. Edinburgh: Birlinn Publishing. ISBN 1-84158-274-3.
• Pride, Glen L. (1998). Kingdom of Fife (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Rutland Press. ISBN 1-873190-49-2.
• Reid, Emma (2004). Old Glenrothes- Old buildings, farms and villages in the area which became the New Town of Glenrothes (1st ed.). Cupar: Fife Family History Society.

 وصلات خارجية

• [1] (A selection of archive films about Glenrothes)