ڤيشى‌هراد
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ڤيشى‌هراد (Vyšehrad ؛ Czech for "upper castle") هي حصن تاريخي يقع في مدينة پراگ، جمهورية التشيك، على بعد 3 كم جنوب شرق قلعة پراگ، على الضفة الشرقية لـنهر ڤلتاڤا.[1] It was built probably in the 10th century. Situated within the fort is the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul، وكذلك مقبرة ڤيشى‌هراد، التي تضم رفات العديد من مشاهير تاريخ جمهورية التشيك، ومنهم أنتونين دڤورجاك، بدريخ سميتانا، Karel Čapek, and Alphonse Mucha. It also contains Prague's oldest Rotunda of St. Martin من القرن الحادي عشر.
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التاريخ
Local legend holds that Vyšehrad was the location of the first settlement which later became Prague, though thus far this claim remains unsubstantiated.
حين استقرت الأسرة الپريميسلية في الموقع الحالي لـقلعة پراگ، the two castles maintained opposing spheres of influence for approximately two centuries. The zenith of Vyšehrad was during the second half of the 11th century, when Vratislav transferred his seat من قلعة پراگ إلى ڤيشى‌هراد، and the original fort was remodeled as a complex comprising the sovereign's palatial residence, a church, and the seat of the chapter. The period of growth ended around 1140 when Prince Soběslav moved his seat back to Prague Castle.[2]
By the twenty-first century, Vyšehrad has become a public park that is a popular site for recreation and celebrations. For example, it is a popular place for Czechs to celebrate New Year's Eve.[3]
Front of the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul
Vyšehrad Cemetery
Oldest Rotunda of St. Martin from 11th century
Libuše's bath
Brick Gate at Vyšehrad
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التماثيل
- Josef Václav Myslbek's statues south of the church, originally from Palacký Bridge
- Libuše and Přemysl – mythical Czech rulers settled in the 8th century at Vyšehrad
- Ctirad and Šárka – the characters of the Maidens' War, when women after the death of Libuše built the castle Děvín lying on the opposite hill of the Vyšehrad
- Lumír and Píseň – Lumír was a legendary famous singer who refused to sing celebration song after the Maidens' War ended to the winning men and instead of it sang about the famous Vyšehrad
- Záboj and Slavoj – leaders of the rebellion against invasion of the German troops of Charlemagne, allegedly led the victorious battle in 805
- Statue of Mikuláš Karlach, Karlach's sets
- Statue of Saint Wenceslas by Johann Georg Bendl, northwest bastion
- Bust of Václav Štulc, near Nové proboštství building
Libuše and Přemysl
Ctirad and Šárka
Lumír and Píseň
Záboj and Slavoj
انظر أيضاً
- معركة ڤيشى‌هراد
- ليبوشه
- Má vlast (symphonic poem by Smetana including a movement Vyšehrad)
- Church of Our Lady on the Lawn
المراجع
- ^ Granville Baker, From a Terrace in Prague, pg. 44, Echo Library (2008), ISBN 1-4068-2777-0
- ^ Ehrenberger, Tomaš The Most Beautiful 88 Castles, pg. 114, Kartografie Praha a.s., ISBN 80-7011-745-1
- ^ Morskyjezek (January 2006). "Silvestr v Praze". NvB: Bored in Brno. Retrieved 24 January 2014.