وزارة المالية (جمهورية الصين الشعبية)
中华人民共和国财政部 Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Cáizhèngbù | |
استعراض الوكالة | |
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تشكلت | 1949 |
النوع | الإدارة التأسيسية لمجلس الدولة (إدارة تنفيذية على مستوى الوزارة) |
الاختصاص | حكومة الصين |
المقر الرئيسي | بكين |
الوزير المسئول | |
الوكالة الأم | مجلس الدولة |
الموقع الإلكتروني | www |
وزارة المالية | |||||||||
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الصينية المبسطة | 中华人民共和国财政部 | ||||||||
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وزارة مالية جمهورية الصين الشعبية (صينية: 中华人民共和国财政部؛ پنين: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Cáizhèngbù�، إنگليزية: Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China)، هي إدارة تنفيذية على مستوى وزاري في مجلس الدولة الصيني، التي تدير سياسات الاقتصاد الكلي والميزانية السنوية. كما تتعامل مع السياسة المالية والتنظيم الاقتصادي والنفقات الحكومية للدولة.
The ministry also records and publishes annual macroeconomic data on China's economy. This includes information such as previous economic growth rates in China, central government debt and borrowing and many other indicators regarding the economy of Mainland China.
The Ministry of Finance's remit is smaller than its counterparts in many other states. Macroeconomic management is primarily handled by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). State-owned industries are the responsibility of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and there are separate regulators for banking, insurance and securities. It also does not handle regulation of the money markets or interest rates. These, together with other aspects of monetary policy, are governed by the People's Bank of China (PBC), Mainland China's central bank. The Ministry, NDRC and PBC are equal in status, with their political heads all sitting on the State Council.
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التاريخ
In 1969, during the Cultural Revolution, the State Council approved the consolidation of PBC's headquarters as a bureau within the Ministry of Finance.[1] Local PBC branches were merged into local government finance departments.[1] This effective demotion of the PBC lasted for a decade until August 1979, when the PBC was separated from the Ministry.[1]
In 2009, the Ministry of Finance converted its ownership of $200 billion of China Investment Corporation's debt into equity, a result which relieved CIC of interest payments on the special treasury bonds that had initially capitalized it and instead resulted in CIC paying an annual dividend to the Ministry.[1]
المهام
The main functions of the Ministry of Finance is to carry out the following duties of the state:[2]
Number | Main Function | Description |
---|---|---|
1. | Economic and public finance policies | Formulating and implementing strategies, policies and guidelines for economic development, public finance for government revenue sharing between the central and provincial governments. |
2. | Administration of public finance and external debt | Draft laws and regulations on public finance, financial, accounting management, external finance and debts. |
3. | Annual budget for Central People's Government | Preparing the annual budget of the central government, priority spending, balancing the budget |
4. | Revenue and Tax legislation reforms | Proposing tax legislation plans - reviewing proposals on tax legislation and tax revenue regulations. |
5. | Central People's Government expendituree | Administering the central expenditures - procurement, expenses |
6. | Government Revenue distribution | Formulating and implementing the policy of distribution between the state and government owned enterprises |
7. | Economic Development Expenditure | Administering the central government expenditures for economic development, the appropriation for central government financed projects, and funds for technological innovation |
8. | Social Security Expenditure | Managing the social security expenditures from the central government; formulating the accounting management rules on social security funds; monitoring the utilization of the social security funds. |
9. | Domestic government debts | Formulating and implementing policies, rules and regulations on managing government's domestic debts; treasury bond issuance; formulating policies, rules and regulations on managing government's external debts |
10. | Accounting Regulations | Formulating and implementing accounting regulations - for government and private corporations and promoting accountability and transparency. |
11. | Fiscal and Tax Policies | Monitoring the implementation of fiscal and tax policies - laws and regulations, examining problems with the system and making changes. |
12. | Fiscal research and education | Research into fiscal policy and education resources to the wider community. |
13. | Other Duties as Directed | Undertaking other assignments of the State Council. |
الهيكل التنظيمي
Organizational structure obtained from the Ministry of Finance website:[2]
- General Office
- Policy & Programme Department
- Legal Department
- Tax Policy Department
- Tariff Policy Department
- Budget Department
- Treasury Department
- National Defense Department
- Administrative & Law Enforcement Department
- Education, Science & Culture Department
- Economic Construction Department
- Agriculture Department
- Social Security Department
- State Equity & Corporate Finance Department
- Finance Department
- International Department [3]
- Accounting Regulatory Department
- Supervision Department
- State Rural Development Office
- Personnel & Education Department
القيادة
All of the leaders are members of the Ministry's Communist Party Committee, with Lan Fo'an as its secretary.[4][5]
المنصب | الاسم |
---|---|
Minister | Lan Fo'an |
Head of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection's supervisory group | Yang Guozhong |
Vice Minister | Zhu Zhongming |
Vice Minister | Yu Weiping |
Vice Minister | Zou Jiayi |
Vice Minister | Liao Min |
Vice Minister | Xu Hongcai |
National Council for Social Security Fund (NCSSF) Director General | Liu Wei |
Assistant Minister | Ou Wenhan |
قائمة وزراء المالية
الترتيب | الاسم (بالصينية) | الاسم | تولى المنصب | ترك المنصب |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 薄一波� | Bo Yibo | أكتوبر 1949 | سبتمبر 1953 |
- | 戎子和� (بالإنابة) | Rong Zihe | أكتوبر 1952 | سبتمبر 1953 |
2 | 邓小平� | Deng Xiaoping | سبتمبر 1953 | يونيو 1954 |
3 | 李先念� | Li Xiannian | يونيو 1954 | يونيو 1970 |
4 | 殷承祯� | Yin Chengzhen | يونيو 1970 | يناير 1975 |
5 | 张劲夫� | Zhang Jingfu | يناير 1975 | أغسطس 1979 |
6 | 吴波� | وو بو | أغسطس 1979 | أغسطس 1980 |
7 | 王丙乾� | Wang Bingqian | أغسطس 1980 | سبتمبر 1992 |
8 | 刘仲藜� | Liu Zhongli | سبتمبر 1992 | مارس 1998 |
9 | 项怀诚� | Xiang Huaicheng | مارس 1998 | مارس 2003 |
10 | 金人庆� | Jin Renqing | مارس 2003 | أغسطس 2007 |
11 | 谢旭人� | Xie Xuren | أغسطس 2007 | 16 مارس 2013 |
12 | 楼继伟� | Lou Jiwei | 16 مارس 2013 | 7 نوفمبر 2016 |
13 | 肖捷� | Xiao Jie | 7 نوفمبر 2016 | 19 مارس 2018 |
14 | 刘昆� | ليو كون | 19 مارس 2018 | 24 أكتوبر 2023 |
15 | 蓝佛安 | لان فوآن | 24 أكتوبر 2023 | الحالي |
كمساهم
The MOF also acted as the controlling shareholder for a number of financial service companies of China, such as People's Insurance Company of China, China Life Insurance Group (parent of China Life), China Taiping Insurance Group (parent of China Taiping Insurance Holdings), etc. The Ministry also owned Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Agricultural Bank of China, the Bank of Communications, China Great Wall Asset Management, China Cinda Asset Management, China Orient Asset Management, China Huarong Asset Management and China Re, etc.
MOF also owned China Railway, China Tobacco and CITIC Group.
انظر أيضاً
- Chinese financial system
- Taxation in China
- People's Bank of China
- Ministries of the People's Republic of China
المصادر
- ^ أ ب ت ث Liu, Zongyuan Zoe (2023). Sovereign Funds: How the Communist Party of China Finances its Global Ambitions. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. doi:10.2307/jj.2915805. ISBN 9780674271913. JSTOR jj.2915805.
- ^ أ ب Ministry Of Finance People's Republic Of China Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Ministry Finance, ed. (2014). The People's Republic of China National Report on Sustainable Development. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 978-1-5007-8096-8.
- ^ "部领导 [Ministry Leadership]". Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ "China Names Lan Fo'an as Party Chief of Finance Ministry". Bloomberg News (in الإنجليزية). 2023-09-28. Retrieved 2023-09-28.
وصلات خارجية
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- Articles containing صينية-language text
- مقالات تحتوي نصوصاً باللغة الصينية المبسطة
- Articles containing إنگليزية-language text
- Pages using Lang-xx templates
- مقالات تحتوي نصوصاً باللغة الصينية
- وزارة المالية (جمهورية الصين الشعبية)
- Finance in China
- Government ministries of the People's Republic of China
- Finance ministries
- Ministries established in 1949
- Government finances in China