هجوم قاعدة العمليات المتقدمة تشاپمان

هجوم قاعدة العمليات المتقدمة تشاپمان كان هجوم انتحاري ضد قاعدة رئيسية لوكالة المخابرات المركزية الأمريكية في أفغانستان، في 30 ديسمبر 2009. القاعدة تقع بالقرب من مدينة خوست في شرق أفغانستان، في معقل لحركة طالبان.

Seven people employed by or affiliated with the CIA, including the chief of the base and the its security director, and a Jordanian intelligence officer were killed and six others seriously wounded in the attack.

Pakistani Taliban have claimed responsibility for the attack, and western intelligence officials identified the attacker as همام خليل أبو ملال البلوي، 36، طبيب أردني وعميل مزدوج موالي للمجاهدين. The bombing was the most lethal attack against the CIA in more than 25 years, and a major setback for the agency's counterterrorism operations in the region.

Eye spy usaf.jpg بوابة Espionage
Friday Mosque in Herat, Afghanistan.jpg بوابة أفغانستان
US Navy 080802-M-1341G-104 Hospitalman Apprentice Brian Rumbles, assigned to Golf Company, 2nd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment, fires on two Taliban insurgents fleeing up a mountainside.jpg بوابة الحرب
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F051866-0010, "Landshut"-Entführung, Rückkehr GSG 9.jpg بوابة الإرهاب

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تنفيذ الهجوم

أفغانستان، ولاية خوست (بلون مختلف)


منفذ الهجوم

عميل مزدوج أردني

U.S. Marines conduct a mounted patrol on the Khost-Gardez Pass in Afghanistan


الخسائر

الخسائر في الأرواح
الاسم الوظيفة العمر
الشريف علي بن زيد ضابط مخابرات أردني Unknown
Unknown female officer CIA officer, chief of base mid-30s
Harold Brown CIA 37
Scott Roberson CIA security officer 39
Jeremy Wise CIA-affiliated security contractor 35
Unknown female officer CIA officer Unknown
Arghawan Afghan security director at the base Unknown
Unknown Unknown Unknown

Eight people, among them four CIA officers, including the chief of the base, and three contracted security guards working for the spy agency, were killed and six others seriously wounded in the attack.[1][2][3][4] The base's security chief, Arghawan, of Afghan nationality, as well as a Jordanian military intelligence officer, Al Shareef Ali bin Zeid, were killed.[3] The deputy chief of the CIA's Kabul station traveled to the base for the meeting and was wounded in the attack, according to sources familiar with the incident.[5]

خسائر غير الأمريكان

Among the dead was Al Shareef Ali bin Zeid, a senior officer of the Jordanian spy agency دائرة المخابرات العامة.[6][7][8] Bin Zeid was a first cousin to King Abdullah II of Jordan and a grandnephew of King Abdullah I of Jordan. He was, according to Jordanian press reports, the intelligence handler of the attacker.[8][9] Bin Zeid's wake was held in the Royal Palace. King Abdullah II and Queen Rania attended his funeral.[10][11][12] His death offered a rare glimpse of a U.S.-Jordanian partnership that is rarely acknowledged publicly, yet seen by U.S. officials as highly important for their counterterrorism strategy.[12]

The security director of the base, an Afghan named Arghawan, was also killed in the attack.[3]

المقاولون/المرتزقة

According to a former intelligence official, two of the officers killed in the attack were contractors for بلاك‌واتر العالمية, a private security company formerly known as Blackwater. A CNN report stated that the CIA considered contractors to be officers.[13] According to Associated Press, three contracted security guards were among the dead, while the Wall Street Journal reports that only one private security contractor has been killed.[14][2]

خلفية

المناطق القبلية المدارة اتحادياً في باكستان، بما فيها شمال وجنوب وزيرستان

شبكة حقاني

انظر أيضاً: شبكة حقاني

The drone attacks carried out by the U.S. military in Pakistan rely on local informants, who can cross the border into Pakistan in a way CIA officers cannot.[3] CIA officiers at the base were involved in the coordination, targeting and surveillance of drone strikes aimed at the Taliban.[15] At the time of the attack, they were conducting an aggressive campaign against the Haqqani network, a radical group run by Jalaluddin Haqqani and his son, Sirajuddin Haqqani, and were aiming at the Tehrik-i-Taliban group in particular.[16][17][18][19]

The Haqqani network, one of the CIA's most important assets during Operation Cyclone in the Soviet war in Afghanistan,[3] operates on both sides of the porous border shared by Afghanistan and Pakistan and is believed to have close ties to al-Qaeda.[20] Jalaluddin Haqqani is widely believed to maintain ties with Pakistan's security and intelligence establishment as well.[21] Members of the Haqquani network have occasionally cooperated with the Pakistani Taliban in the past. "At times they send suicide attackers to our area, and we give them shelter and find targets for them," a former commander of the group said.[5]

العلاقات الأمريكية الپاكستانية

انظر أيضاً: العلاقات الأمريكية الپاكستانية

قاعدة العمليات المتقدمة تشاپمان

Forward Operating Base Chapman is located at the site of a former Afghan army installation. It is situated in the vicinity of Camp Salerno, a large military base used by U.S. special operations forces.[16][22] The base is named for Sergeant First Class Nathan Chapman, the first U.S. soldier killed by enemy fire during the Afghanistan war, in 2002.[23][24][16][22] Chapman was killed while fighting alongside the CIA.[24]

The CIA's base in Khost was set up at the beginning of the U.S.-led offensive against al-Qaeda and the Taliban in 2001, and began as an improvised center for operations.[25] A military base at the beginning, it was later transformed into a CIA base, a U.S. official said.[26] According to a U.S. military source, Forward Operating Base Chapman was also used as a base for the Khost Provincial Reconstruction Team, a military-led development group.[27] According to a CNN report, this team left some time ago, however, the Wall Street Journal reports that the base still houses the team, as well as a small military contingent.[13][2] In recent years, the base, one of the most secretive and highly guarded locations in Afghanistan, evolved into a major counterterrorism hub of the CIA's paramilitary Special Activities Division, used for joint operation with CIA, military special operations forces and Afghan allies, and had a housing compound for U.S. intelligence officers.[25][22][28][18]

U.S. bases in Khost, in particular Camp Salerno, have frequently been targeted by insurgents. In most cases, however, suicide attackers do not succeed in getting past the main entrance of a base.[29] According to U.S. officials, Forward Operating Base Chapman appears to have implemented less stringent security measures that other U.S. military bases, aiming at establishing trust with informants.[20] Subjecting informants to mistrust and excessive suspicion would reduce the amount of information received from them.[7]


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ردود الأفعال والتحليل

The الحائط التذكاري بوكالة المخابرات المركزية في مقرها الرئيسي في لانگلي، ڤرجينيا.

البيت الأبيض والكونگرس

Obama stated that the intelligence agency had been "tested as never before", and that its agents had “served on the front lines in directly confronting the dangers of the 21st century.”[16] "Your triumphs and even your names may be unknown to your fellow Americans, but your service is deeply appreciated," he wrote in a letter addressed to the agency's employees.[30] Obama said that the dead will be remembered on the CIA's Memorial Wall in the lobby of the agency's headquarters.[31][32] CIA members who have been killed in the execution of their work are eligible to an anonymous star on the agency's memorial wall.[33] The chairs of the United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence issued statements of condolescence.[25]

مجتمع المخابرات

In a message to CIA employees, CIA Director Leon Panetta said of the dead: "Those who fell yesterday were far from home and close to the enemy, doing the hard work that must be done to protect our country from terrorism. We owe them our deepest gratitude."[34] Flags at CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia, flew at half-staff.[13]


تعليقات الخبراء والإعلام

قالب:Quote box3


طلعت مسعود, a Pakistani security analyst and former general, said that "the attack shows the Taliban are getting good cooperation from the locals".[22] Richard A. Clarke, a former chief counter-terrorism advisor on the U.S. National Security Council, said that running double agents against the CIA represented "a huge increase in sophistication" for a non-nation state enemy such as the Haqqani network.[3]

انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ Booth, Jenny (January 5, 2010). "US spies in Afghanistan are clueless, says intelligence chief". The Times. Retrieved January 5, 2010.
  2. ^ أ ب ت Gopal, Anand (January 2, 2010). "Taliban: CIA Attack Was Retaliation for Drone Strikes". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  3. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة ABC Driven
  4. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة CBS Setback
  5. ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة WSJ Blamed
  6. ^ "Body of Jordan soldier killed in Afghanistan repatriated". Agence France Press. January 2, 2010. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  7. ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Times India Tribesman
  8. ^ أ ب "CIA officers killed by Jordanian double agent". New York Post. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
  9. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة NBC Jordanian
  10. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة AP Bomber
  11. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة DPA Sharif
  12. ^ أ ب Warrick, Joby (January 4, 2010). "Jordan emerges as key CIA counterterrorism ally". Washington Post. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
  13. ^ أ ب ت "Source: 2 killed in Afghanistan bombing were security contractors". CNN. December 31, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
  14. ^ "Former official confirms CIA bomber was Jordanian". Associated Press. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
  15. ^ Warrick, Joby (December 31, 2009). "CIA Hunts for Answers After Deadly Afghanistan Attack". CBS News. Retrieved January 1, 2010. Interview.
  16. ^ أ ب ت ث خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة NYT Mazzetti
  17. ^ Gopal, Anand (January 1, 2010). "Afghanistan Suicide Bomber May Have Been Helped by CIA Informant". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
  18. ^ أ ب Smith, Adèle (January 1, 2010). "La CIA perd sept espions sur une base secrète". Le Figaro. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  19. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة FT Revenge
  20. ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة WSJ Strategy
  21. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة FT Urges
  22. ^ أ ب ت ث خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Washington Post Airstrikes
  23. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة McClatchy
  24. ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة NYDN
  25. ^ أ ب ت خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة WSJ Devastates
  26. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة AP Director
  27. ^ Starkey, Jerome (January 1, 2001). "Afghan suicide bomber kills seven CIA agents after attacking base". The Times. Retrieved January 2, 2009.
  28. ^ Sengupta, Kim (January 1, 2010). "Suicide attack inflicts worst death toll on CIA in 25 years". The Independent. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
  29. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة NYT Rubin and Mazzetti
  30. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة SMH Distance
  31. ^ "Obama honors CIA staff killed in attack". United Press International. December 31, 2009. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  32. ^ Silva, Mark (December 31, 2009). "Obama lauds CIA employees slain in Afghanistan". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  33. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Globe Victim
  34. ^ "CIA Hunts for Answers After Deadly Afghanistan Attack". PBS. December 31, 2009.

وصلات خارجية

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