معهد أشغال الأديان

Coordinates: 41°54′1″N 12°27′15″E / 41.90028°N 12.45417°E / 41.90028; 12.45417
معهد أشغال الأديان
Institute for Works of Religion
Istituto per le Opere di Religione
النوعقابضة خاصة
الصناعةFinancial services
تأسست27 يونيو 1942
المؤسسپيوس الثاني عشر Edit this on Wikidata
المقر الرئيسيمدينة الڤاتيكان
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
Ettore Gotti Tedeschi (President), Enrico Salza (Vice-president)
الموظفون112 (31 ديسمبر 2014) Edit this on Wikidata
الموقع الإلكترونيhttp://www.vatican.va/

معهد أشغال الأديان (إيطالية: Istituto per le Opere di ReligioneIOR),ويعرف باسم بنك الڤاتيكان, is a privately held institute[1] يقع في مدينة الڤاتيكان. –1963</ref>


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فضيحة غسيل الأموال

انظر أيضا

الهوامش

المصادر

  • John F. Pollard – Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850–1950 ISBN 0-521-81204-6
  • Mark Aarons and John Loftus: "Unholy Trinity: How the Vatican's Nazi Networks Betrayed Western Intelligence to the Soviets". New York: St.Martin's Press, 1992. 372 pages. ISBN 0-312-07111-6
  • Malachi Martin - Rich Church, Poor Church (Putnam, New York, 1984) ISBN 0-399-12906-5
  • Malachi Martin - Vatican (Jove (August 1, 1988)) ISBN 978-0515096545
  • Charles Raw – The Moneychangers: How the Vatican Bank Enabled Roberto Calvi to Steal 250 Million Dollars for the Heads of the P2 Masonic Lodge (Harvill Press, 1992) ISBN 0-00-217338-7
  • Giancarlo Galli – Finanza bianca. La Chiesa, i soldi, il potere (Mondadori, 2004) ISBN 88-04-51262-8
  • David A. Yallop – In God's Name: An Investigation into the Murder of Pope John Paul I"
  • Mark Lombardi: Global Networks. Mark Lombardi, Robert Carleton Hobbs, Judith Richards; Independent Curators, 2003 (published for the travelling exhibition of his work, "Mark Lombardi Global Networks"). ISBN 0-916365-67-0
  • Jonathan Levy, "The Vatican Bank", in Russ Kick (Ed.), Everything You Know is Wrong (Disinformation Press, 2002) ISBN 1-56731-701-4
  • Michael Phayer, Pius XII: The Holocaust and the Cold War, 2008, ISBN 13:978-0-253-34930-9.

وصلات خارجية

نقد
  • "Nazi-Era Victims Demand Army, CIA Release Documents on Vatican". CNS News. September 4, 2000.
  • The Vatican Bank claims website
  • The Vatican, Croatia and the Nazi Gold
  • The Vatican Pipeline: U.S. intelligence document links $170 million in Nazi gold to the Vatican—report on declassified memo in Time Magazine, July 22, 1997
  • Profile of Marcinkus in the Arizona Republic
  • Vatican Bank describes its own history and operations in Court Document"
  • Whistleblower exposes Vatican Bank shenanigans Philip Willan July 2, 2009

41°54′1″N 12°27′15″E / 41.90028°N 12.45417°E / 41.90028; 12.45417 en:Institute for Works of Religion

الكلمات الدالة: