ماتوران جاك بريسون
ماتوران جاك بريسون | |
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Mathurin Jacques Brisson | |
وُلِدَ | 30 أبريل 1723 |
توفي | 23 يونيو 1806 |
الجنسية | فرنسي |
اللقب | علم الطيور التصنيف العلمي وعلم الحيوان والتاريخ الطبيعي والفلسفة الطبيعية |
الجوائز | Academy of Sciences |
السيرة العلمية | |
المجالات | عالم أحياء، علم الطيور وعلم الحشرات |
الهيئات | College of Navarre, Paris |
Author abbrev. (botany) | Briss. |
Author abbrev. (zoology) | Brisson |
ماتوران بريسون (Mathurin Jacques Brisson؛ النطق الفرنسي: [matyʁɛ̃ ʒak bʁisɔ̃] ؛ 30 أبريل 1723-23 يونيو 1806) عالم أحياء فرنسي وفيلسوف في الطبيعية.
ولد في فونتنيا كومتي إحدى بلديات فرنسا. بدأ دراسته بالتاريخ الطبيعي ثم أصبح عضو أكاديمية العلوم الفرنسية سنة 1759. وبعد وفاة زميله في العمل رينيه ريومور هجر التاريخ الطبيعي تحول إلى أستاذ للفلسفة الطبيعية في نڤاره ثم في باريس. كما ساهم في التصنيف العلمي للأحياء حين وضع الحيتانيات كأصنوفة فاستحق بذلك اختصارا خاصا به ضمن الاسم العلمي. واختصار اسمه في الفهارس التصنيف العلمي للأنواع هو بريسون.
The English ornithologist Alfred Newton wrote of Brisson's Ornithologie that it was "a work of very great merit so far as it goes, for as a descriptive ornithologist the author stands even now unsurpassed; ...".[1] For each species Brisson clearly indicated whether he had examined a specimen or whether he was relying on descriptions by other authors.[1] Although in Brisson coined a Latin name for each bird species, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN).[2] However, Brisson also introduced names for genera and these are accepted by the ICZN.[3][4][5] Linnaeus relied heavily on Brisson's work when updating his Systema Naturae for the twelfth edition in 1766. Linnaeus added 386 bird species of which 240 were based exclusively on Brisson.[2]
De Réaumur died in 1757 and although in his will he left his large collection to the French Academy of Sciences, it was instead absorbed into the "Cabinet du roi", the royal natural history collection in Paris.[6] Brisson abandoned zoology and in 1762 succeeded Jean-Antoine Nollet as professor of physics at the College of Navarre in Paris.[7]
For a period of time Brisson was an instructor of physical sciences and natural history to the family of the monarch.[8] From 1759 he was a member of the Academy of Sciences.[9]
A significant work involving the "specific weight of bodies" was his Pesanteur Spécifique des Corps published in 1787.[10] In his investigations of electricity, Brisson was opposed to the theories of Priestley and Franklin.[11]
He married Marie-Denise Foliot de Foucherolles on 24 April 1775. They had three children.[9] He died on 23 June 1806 at Croissy-sur-Seine near Paris.[8]
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المنشورات
- Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1756). Le règne animal divisé en IX classes, ou Méthode contenant la division générale des animaux (in الفرنسية). Paris: Jean Baptiste Claude Bauche.
- —— (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (6 volumes and supplement) (in French and Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) With uncoloured engraved illustrations by François-Nicolas Martinet. - —— (1769). Lettres de deux Espagnols sur les manufactures (in French). A Vergera.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - —— (1781). Dictionnaire raisonné de physique (3 Volumes) (in French). Paris: Leboucher, Lamy.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3. - —— (1784). Observations sur les nouvelles découvertes aérostatiques et sur la probabilité de pouvoir diriger les ballons (in French). Paris: Le Boucher.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - —— (1787). Pesanteur spécifique des corps. Ouvrage utile à l'histoire naturelle, à la physique, aux arts et au commerce (in French). Paris: L'Imprimerie Royale.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - —— (1789). Traité élémentaire, ou principes de physique. Fondés sur les connoissances les plus certaines, tant anciennes que modernes, & confirmés par l'expérience (3 Volumes) (in French). Paris: Moutard.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3. - Trattato elementare ovvero Principi di fisica. Grazioli, Florenz 1791.
- Die spezifischen Gewichte der Körper. Leipzig 1795.
- Suplemento al Diccionario universal de física. Cano, Madrid 1796–1802.
- —— (1797). Principes élémentaires de l'histoire naturelle et chymique des substances minérales (in French). Paris: Fermin Didot.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Anfangsgründe der Naturgeschichte und Chemie der Mineralien. Mainz 1799.
- Instruction sur les nouveaux poids et mesures. Paris 1799.
- —— (1800). Élémens ou principes physico-chymiques, destinés à servir de suite aux principes de physique ; à l'usage des écoles centrales (in French). Paris: Bossange, Masson et Besson.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Elements of the natural history and chymical analysis of mineral substances. Ritchie, Walker, Vernor & Hood, London 1800.
- Tratado elemental ó principios de física. Madrid 1803/04.
المراجع
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . دائرة المعارف البريطانية (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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- ^ أ ب Newton, Alfred (1893–1896). A Dictionary of Birds. London: Adam and Charles Black. p. 9.
- ^ أ ب Allen, J.A. (1910). "Collation of Brisson's genera of birds with those of Linnaeus". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 28: 317–335. hdl:2246/678.
- ^ Hemming, Francis, ed. (1958) [1911]. "Opinion 37: Shall the genera of Brisson's "Ornithologia," 1760, be accepted". Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Vol. 1 Section B. London: International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature. pp. 87–88.
- ^ Hemming, Francis (1962). "Brisson, 1760 "Ornithologie" Proposed restriction on validation granted under the plenary powers to certain portions of that work Z.N.(S.) 702". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 19 (1): 9–14.
- ^ China, W.E. (1963). "Direction 105: Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie: restriction to certain portions of that work of the validation granted under the Plenary Powers". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 20 (5): 343–344.
- ^ Bruce, Murray (2003). "Foreword: A brief history of classifying birds". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 11-43 [18]. ISBN 978-84-87334-50-4.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>
غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةstresemann
- ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>
غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةswainson
- ^ أ ب Beauchet-Filleau, H.; Beauchet-Filleau, P. (1895). Dictionnaire historique et généalogique des familles du Poitou (in French). Vol. 2. Poitiers, France: Oudin. p. 6.
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: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Brisson 1787.
- ^ Knight, Charles, ed. (1856). The English Cyclopædia: A New Dictionary of Universal Knowledge. London: Bradbury & Evans. p. 923.
وصلات خارجية
- Works by or about ماتوران جاك بريسون at Internet Archive
- Gallica has a free digital download of Brisson, Mathurin-Jacques Ornithologia sive Synopsis methodica sistens avium divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates Leiden (1760–1763) in Microforme The French word for Search is Recherche.
- Dictionnaire raisonné de physique, 2nd éd, Planches – Linda Hall Library
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- Zoologists with author abbreviations
- CS1 الفرنسية-language sources (fr)
- مقالات المعرفة المحتوية على معلومات من دائرة المعارف البريطانية طبعة 1911
- Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
- مواليد 1723
- وفيات 1806
- علماء حشرات فرنسيون
- علماء طيور فرنسيون
- أعضاء أكاديمية العلوم الفرنسية
- علماء حيوان ذوي مختصرات اسمية
- علماء أحياء فرنسيون