لويس كارول

لأشخاص آخرين اسمهم Charles Dodgson, انظر Charles Dodgson.

Lewis Carroll
Carroll in June 1857
وُلِد	Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832-01-27)27 يناير 1832 Daresbury, Cheshire, England
توفي	14 يناير 1898(1898-01-14) (aged 65) Guildford, Surrey, England
الوظيفة	Author illustrator poet mathematician photographer teacher inventor
التعليم	Rugby School University of Oxford
الصنف الأدبي	Children's literature fantasy literature mathematical logic poetry literary nonsense linear algebra voting theory
الأقارب	Charles Dodgson (father) Edwin Dodgson (brother) Charles Dodgson (great-grandfather)
التوقيع

لويس كارول Lewis Carroll (عاش 1832- 1898) هو الاسم المستعار للكاتب وعالم الرياضيات و المصور الفوتوغرافي الإنجليزي تشارلز لوتويدج دودجسن Charles Lutwidge Dodgson، ومن أشهر ما كتب قصة (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) أليس في بلاد العجائب. كما أنه قد كتب قصص أخرى حازت نجاحا مثل:

• "من خلال الزجاج" Through the Looking-Glass.
• "The Hunting of the Snark".
• "ثرثرة" Jabberwocky.

 أليس

"The chief difficulty Alice found at first was in managing her flamingo"

 المصور

Photo of Alice Liddell taken by Lewis Carroll (1858).

Xie Kitchin, photographed by Lewis Carroll, 1876

In 1856, Dodgson took up the new art form of photography, first under the influence of his uncle Skeffington Lutwidge, and later his Oxford friend Reginald Southey.

He soon excelled at the art and became a well-known gentleman-photographer, and he seems even to have toyed with the idea of making a living out of it in his very early years.

Photo of John Everett Millais and his wife Effie Gray with two of their children, signed by Effie (c. 1860)

 The "Cut Pages in Diary" document

The "cut pages in diary" document, in the Dodgson family archive in Woking, UK.

 أعماله

• اليس في بلاد العجائب

• A Tangled Tale
• Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
• An Elementary Treatise on Determinants, With Their Application to Simultaneous Linear Equations and Algebraic Equations
• Euclid and his Modern Rivals (1879)
• Facts
• He thought he saw an elephant
• Rhyme? And Reason? (also published as Phantasmagoria)
• Pillow Problems
• Sylvie and Bruno
• Sylvie and Bruno Concluded
• Symbolic Logic Part I
• Symbolic Logic Part II (published posthumously)
• The Game of Logic
• The Hunting of the Snark
• Three Sunsets and Other Poems
• Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (includes Jabberwocky)
• What the Tortoise Said to Achilles

 انظر أيضاً

• Dodgson condensation
• Lewis Carroll identity
• Lewis Carroll Shelf Award
• Lewis Carroll Society of North America
• Barbershop paradox
• Jack the Ripper, Light-Hearted Friend: deals with the unusual idea that Carroll may have been the Ripper.
• Phantasmagoria: The Visions of Lewis Carroll: An upcoming horror film based on the visions of Lewis Carroll, inspired, directed, and played by Marilyn Manson.
• "Father William" which is a parody of Robert Southey's poem, "The Old Man’s Comforts and How He Gained Them".
• RGS Worcester and The Alice Ottley School - Miss Ottley, the first Headmistress of The Alice Ottley School, was a friend of Lewis Carroll, and as such, one of the school's houses was named after him.

 المصادر

• Bowman, Isa (1899), The Story of Lewis Carroll, Told by the Real Alice in Wonderland, London: Dent
• Cohen, Morton N. (1995), Lewis Carroll: A Biography, London: Macmillan. (ISBN 0-333-62926-4)
• Collingwood, Stuart Dodgson (1898), The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, London: T. Fisher Unwin
• Graham-Smith, Darien (2005), Contextualising Carroll, University of Wales, Bangor: PhD Thesis ([1])
• Huxley, Francis (1976), The Raven and the Writing Desk. (ISBN 0-06-012113-0).
• Kelly, Richard, Lewis Carroll. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1990.
• Kelly, Richard, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• Leach, Karoline (1999), In the Shadow of the Dreamchild: A New Understanding of Lewis Carroll, London: Peter Owen Publishers
• Lennon, Florence Becker (1947), Lewis Carroll, London: Cassell
• Reed, Langford (1932), The Life of Lewis Carroll, London: W. and G. Foyle
• Sunghyun Kim, 'Political Unconscious in Fantastic Narrative: Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland(Korean)', Yonsei University Graduate School, 2005
• Taylor, Alexander L., Knight (1952), The White Knight, Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd
• Taylor, Roger & Wakeling, Edward, Lewis Carroll, Photographer. Princeton University Press, 2002. (ISBN 0691074437). Catalogues nearly every Carroll photograph known to be still in existence.
• Wilson, Robin (2008). Lewis Carroll in Numberland: His Fantastical Mathematical Logical Life. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 9780713997576. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |unused_data= (help); Text "Robin Wilson" ignored (help)
• Wullschläger, Jackie, Inventing Wonderland, (ISBN 0-7432-2892-8) — also looks at Edward Lear (of the "nonsense" verses), J. M. Barrie (Peter Pan), Kenneth Grahame (The Wind in the Willows), and A. A. Milne (Winnie-the-Pooh).
• n.n., Dreaming in Pictures: The Photography of Lewis Carroll. Yale University Press & SFMOMA, 2004. (Places Carroll firmly in the art photography tradition.)

 وصلات خارجية

• The Carroll Myth background on the current controversy.
• Cohen's objections to "The Carroll Myth"
• Lewis Carroll.CC
• The Lewis Carroll Society
• Lewis Carroll Society of North America
• Lewis Carroll at victorianweb.org
• Contrariwise; the Association for New Lewis Carroll Studies
• أعمال من Lewis Carroll في مشروع گوتنبرگ
• The Photography of Lewis Carroll (selected colourised plates from his child photography)
• Lewis Carroll Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin
• Lewis Carroll on Tant Mieux A collection of articles by S. Ranson-Polizzotti and note of forthcoming book, summer, 2008.
• Selected Poems, at Poetry Index
• Lewis Carroll - The First Monty Python?
• Archival material relating to لويس كارول listed at the UK National Register of Archives