كدورو
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كـُدورّو Kudurru كان نوع من الوثائق الحجرية اِستُخدِم كحجر حدود وكسجلات منح أراضي لحكام تابعين كمكافأة من الحكام الكيشيين في بلاد بابل القديمة بين القرنين 16 و 12 قبل الميلاد.[1] الكلمة هي أكدية for "frontier" or "boundary" (cf. بالعبرية: גדר gader, fence, boundary; العربية: جدر jadr, جدار jidar 'wall'; pl. جدور judūr). The kudurrus are the only surviving artworks for the period of Kassite rule in Babylonia مع أمثلة محفوظة في اللوڤر و المتحف البريطاني والمتحف العراقي.
The kudurrus recorded the land granted by the king to his vassals as a record of his decision. The original kudurru would be stored in a temple while the person granted the land would be given a clay copy to use as a boundary stone to confirm legal ownership.
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The kudurrus would contain symbolic images of the deities who were protecting the contract, the contract, and the divine curse that would be placed on a person who broke the contract. Some kudurrus also contained an image of the king who granted the land. As they contained a great deal of images as well as a contract, kudurrus were engraved on large slabs of stone.
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قائمة الكدورو
كدورو الفترة الكيشية، بترتيب زمني تقريبي:
- Enlil-bānī land grant kudurru
- Nazimaruttaš kudurru stone
- Kudurru of Kaštiliašu
- Tablet of Akaptaḫa، صك ملكية نارو، أو "نصب"، أو ما شابه
- Land grant to Ḫunnubat-Nanaya kudurru
- Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II
- Estate of Takil-ana-ilīšu kudurru
- Land grant to Ḫasardu kudurru
- Stele of Meli-Šipak
- Land grant to Marduk-zākir-šumi kudurru
- Land grant to Munnabittu kudurru
- Kudurru of Gula
كدوروات ما بعد الكيشيين:
- Kudurru for Ritti-Marduk
- Eanna-shum-iddina kudurru
- Marduk-nadin-ahhe kudurru
- لوح إله الشمس
- Marduk-zakir-šumi I kudurru
- Marduk-apal-iddina II kudurru
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ Bahn, Paul G. (2000). The Atlas of World Archaeology. New York: Checkmark Books. p. 78. ISBN 0-8160-4051-6.