قالب:GATT and WTO trade rounds
الجولات التجارية للگات ومنظمة التجارة العالمية[1] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
الاسم | البداية | المدة | البلدان | المواضيع المغطاة | الانجازات |
جنيڤ | April 1947 | 7 months | 23 | Tariffs | Signing of GATT, 45,000 tariff concessions affecting $10 billion of trade |
آنسي Annecy | April 1949 | 5 months | 13 | Tariffs | Countries exchanged some 5,000 tariff concessions |
توركواي Torquay | September 1950 | 8 months | 38 | Tariffs | Countries exchanged some 8,700 tariff concessions, cutting the 1948 tariff levels by 25% |
جنيڤ 2 Geneva II | January 1956 | 5 months | 26 | Tariffs, admission of Japan | $2.5 بليون in tariff reductions |
ديون Dillon | September 1960 | 11 months | 26 | Tariffs | Tariff concessions worth $4.9 billion of world trade |
كندي Kennedy | May 1964 | 37 months | 62 | Tariffs، مكافحة الإغراق | Tariff concessions worth $40 billion of world trade |
طوكيو Tokyo | September 1973 | 74 شهر | 102 | Tariffs, non-tariff measures, "framework" agreements | تحقيق خفض في التعريفات قيمته تزيد عن $300 بليون دولار |
اوروگواي | September 1986 | 87 months | 123 | Tariffs, non-tariff measures, rules, services, intellectual property, dispute settlement, textiles, agriculture, creation of WTO, etc | The round led to the creation of WTO, and extended the range of trade negotiations, leading to major reductions in tariffs (نحو 40%) and agricultural subsidies, an agreement to allow full access for textiles and clothing from developing countries, and an extension of intellectual property rights. |
الدوحة | November 2001 | ? | 141 | Tariffs, non-tariff measures, agriculture, labor standards, environment, competition, investment, transparency, patents etc | الجولة لم تختتم بعد. |
References
This reference list does not appear in the article.
- ^ a)The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh, World Trade Organization
b)Timeline: World Trade Organization – A chronology of key events, BBC News
c)Brakman-Garretsen-Marrewijk-Witteloostuijn, Nations and Firms in the Global Economy, Chapter 10: Trade and Capital Restriction