صمويل إليوت موريسون

صمويل إليوت موريسون

صمويل إليوت موريسون Samuel Eliot Morison (و.1887 - 1976). مؤرخ أمريكي ومدرس للتاريخ وحائز على جائزتين من جوائز پوليتزر. فاز كتابه أدميرال البحر المحيط، عن حياة كولمبوس، بالجائزة عام 1943م وفاز كتابه جون بول جونز بالجائزة عام 1960م. ومن بين مؤلفاته الأخرى تاريخ العمليات البحرية الأمريكية في الحرب العالمية الثانية وهو كتاب من خمسة عشر جزءاً نشره فيما بين عامي 1947م و1962م؛ الحياة الثقافية لمستعمرة نيوإنجلاتد 1960م؛ بوسطن في حياة صبي، 1962م؛ أكسفورد في تاريخ الشعب الأمريكي (1965م)؛ الاكتشاف الأوروبي لأمريكا والرحلات إلى الشمال (1971م)؛ الاكتشاف الأوروبي لأمريكا والرحلات إلى الجنوب (1974م).

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 المؤرخ الرسمي للبحرية الأمريكية أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية

تمثال موريسون في Commonwealth Avenue mall.

 كتبه

معظم هذه الكتب قد أعيد طبعه ونشره.

• The Life and Letters of Harrison Gray Otis, Federalist, 1765–1848 (1913)
• The Maritime History of Massachusetts, 1783-1860 (1921)
• The Oxford History of the United States (1927)
• Builders of the Bay Colony: A Gallery of Our Intellectual Ancestors (1930; 2nd ed., 1964)
• The Growth of the American Republic (with Henry Steele Commager, New York: Oxford University Press, 1930 [as Oxford History of the United States; 7th ed., 1980]. Revised and abridged edition with Samuel Eliot Morison and William E. Leuchtenberg. Published by Oxford University Press in 1980 as A Concise History of the American Republic, rev. 1983.
• Three Centuries of Harvard: 1636–1936 (Harvard University Press, 1936)
• Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century (Harvard University Press, 1940)
• Admiral of the Ocean Sea(Little Brown, 1942)
• History as a Literary Art: An Appeal to Young Historians (1946)
• History of United States Naval Operations in World War II (1947–1962)
• Of Plymouth Plantation, 1620–1647 (editor) (1952)
• Christopher Columbus, Mariner (Little, Brown and Company, 1955)
• John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography (Little, Brown and Company, 1959)
• The Story of Mount Desert Island (1960)
• One Boy's Boston: 1887-1901 (Houghton Mifflin, 1962)
• The Two-Ocean War: A Short History of the United States Navy in the Second World War (1963)
• The Oxford History of the American People (1965)
• The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages (1971)
• Samuel De Champlain: Father of New France (1972)
• The European Discovery of America: The Southern Voyages (1974)
• A Concise History of the American Republic (with Henry Steele Commager and William E. Leuchtenberg) (1976)

 الجوائز

 تكريمات لإنجازاته على مدى حياته

• Emerson-Thoreau Medal from the الأكاديمية الأمريكية للفنون والعلوم (1961)
• الميدالية الذهبية من الأكاديمية الأمريكية للفنون والعلوم (1962)
• Balzan prize for history (1962)
• الميدالية الرئاسية للحرية (1964)

 تشريفات عسكرية وأجنبية

• Legion of Merit with Combat Distinguishing Device "V"
• Commander of the Order of the White Rose of Finland
• Vuelvo Panamericano Medal, awarded by the Republic of Cuba (1943)
• Cavaliero Ufficiale of the Italian Order, Ordine al Merito della Repubblica (1961)
• Commander of the Spanish Order of Isabella the Catholic (1963)

 جوائز لكتبه

• جائزة پوليتزر in biography for Admiral of the Ocean Sea (1943)
• جائزة پوليتزر in biography for John Paul Jones (1960)
• جائزة بانكروفت for The Rising Sun in the Pacific (1949)
• جائزة بانكروفت for The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages (1972)

(السنون المذكورة هي سنوات منح الجوائز)

 درجات فخرية

• Trinity College, Hartford (1935)
• Amherst College (1936)
• Harvard University (1936)
• Union College (1939)
• Columbia University (1942)
• Yale University (1949)
• Williams College (1950)
• University of Oxford (1951)
• Bucknell University (1960)
• Boston College (1961)
• College of the Holy Cross (1962)

 تكريماً لصمويل إليوت موريسون

• USS Samuel Eliot Morison (FFG-13).

• Samuel Eliot Morison Award of the USS Constitution Museum.

• Samuel Eliot Morison Award for Naval Literature of the Naval Order of the United States.

• Samuel Eliot Morison Naval History Scholarship of the U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command.

 مأثورات

• "American historians, in their eagerness to present facts and their laudable concern to tell the truth, have neglected the literary aspects of their craft. They have forgotten that there is an art of writing history." History as a Literary Art: An Appeal to Young Historians (1946)

• "America was discovered accidentally by a great seaman who was looking for something else; when discovered it was not wanted; and most of the exploration for the next fifty years was done in the hope of getting through or around it. America was named after a man who discovered no part of the New World. History is like that, very chancy." The Oxford History of the American People (1965)

• "But sea power has never led to despotism. The nations that have enjoyed sea power even for a brief period—Athens, Scandinavia, the Netherlands, England, the United States—are those that have preserved freedom for themselves and have given it to others. Of the despotism to which unrestrained military power leads we have plenty of examples from Alexander to Mao." The Oxford History of the American People (1965)

 الهامش

• Official U.S. Navy biography (http://www.history.navy.mil/bios/morison_s.htm)

• Keegan, John. The Price of Admiralty
• Pfitzer, Gregory M. (1991). Samuel Eliot Morison's Historical World: In Quest of a New Parkman. Northeastern. ISBN 1555531016. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
• Washburn, Wilcomb E. "Samuel Eliot Morison, Historian" from The William and Mary Quarterly 3d Series, Vol. XXXVI, July 1979 (http://muweb.millersville.edu/~columbus/data/art/WASHBR09.ART)
• Lepore, Jill, "Plymouth Rocked", The New Yorker, April 24, 2006