شينغتشينغ

Coordinates: 40°37′N 120°44′E / 40.617°N 120.733°E / 40.617; 120.733
(تم التحويل من شينگ‌تشنگ)
شينگ‌تشنگ
兴城市
Xingcheng, Hingcheng; Hsingcheng
مدينة بمستوى ناحية
الموقع في مدينة هولوداو
الموقع في مدينة هولوداو
شينگ‌تشنگ is located in لياوننگ
شينگ‌تشنگ
شينگ‌تشنگ
الموقع في لياوننگ
الإحداثيات (city): 40°37′N 120°44′E / 40.617°N 120.733°E / 40.617; 120.733
البلدجمهورية الصين الشعبية
المقاطعةلياوننگ
المدينة بمستوى محافظةهولوداو
المساحة
[1]
 • مدينة بمستوى ناحية2٬113 كم² (816 ميل²)
 • الحضر
[2]
268٫50 كم² (103٫67 ميل²)
المنسوب
8 m (27 ft)
التعداد
 (2007)[3]
 • مدينة بمستوى ناحية552٬180
 • Estimate 
(2017)
557٬000
 • الكثافة260/km2 (680/sq mi)
 • Urban
[2]
197٬200
منطقة التوقيتUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
1125xx
الموقع الإلكترونيweb.archive.org/web/20080723211053/http://www.xc-online.gov.cn/

شينگ‌تشنگ أو شينغتشينغ ( Xingcheng ؛ simplified Chinese: 兴城; traditional Chinese: 興城; pinyin: Xīngchéng)، الاسم السابق ننگ‌يوان ( Ningyuan ؛ 宁远),[4] is a county-level city under the administration of Huludao, in southwest Liaoning province, China, with a population of approximately 140,000 urban inhabitants, and is located on the Liaodong Bay, i.e. the northern coast of the Bohai Sea. The area is steeped in history, and contains one of the best preserved Ming Dynasty towns in China, as well as functioning as a laidback summer resort.

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التاريخ

Xingcheng has a long and distinguished history, and was established as a county as far back as the Liao Dynasty in CE 990.[5] After being dissolved by the Yuan, it was resurrected during the Ming Dynasty under the name Ningyuan, and gained strategic importance as the first defensive outpost outside the Great Wall. Xingcheng's city walls have stood since they were first constructed in 1428 and were instrumental in helping the Ming defeat the great Manchu commander Nurhaci at the pivotal Battle of Ningyuan in 1626.


المقاصد السياحية

In modern times Xingcheng has become a mecca for those seeking relief from the bustling heat of summer in the overcrowded cities of Northern China. The town has attractive swimming beaches and is also blessed with natural hot springs, discovered during the Tang Dynasty. For this reason, a number of spa resorts and sanatoriums have sprung up and the town has been marketed as a health destination, and is frequented by groups of Party cadres on government sponsored training courses during the summer. Xingcheng is home to the largest island in the Bohai Gulf,[بحاجة لمصدر] the beautiful and secluded Juhua Island (simplified Chinese: 菊花岛; traditional Chinese: 菊花島; pinyin: Júhuā Dǎo; lit. 'Chrysanthemum Island'; 40°29′51″N 120°48′05″E / 40.49750°N 120.80139°E / 40.49750; 120.80139 (Juhua Island)), once a sanctuary for the Prince of Yan on the run from the ruthless Qin Shihuang.[6] A boat provides access to the island from the passenger terminal at the wharf, where local fisherman dock.[7]

XingCheng Seaside View(兴城海滨风光)

The Xingcheng seaside draws quite a crowd for swimming and other water sports and recreational activities during the summer. Its entrance is marked by a large statue of a local goddess.[8] A pier connecting reef-top pavilions and a temple are located at the south end of the beach.[9]

Liaoning Finance and Trade College in Xingcheng hosted events for the city's first International Swimsuit Festival[10] on August 16, 2011. This event follows the city's receipt of the honorary title “Chinese Swimwear Town” by the China National Textile & Apparel Council and China Garment Association in 2010 for the city's noteworthy swimsuit manufacture.[11]

The old town of Xingcheng is the best preserved of four Ming Dynasty cities in China that retain their original and complete city walls, and is a treasure trove of traditional Ming architecture, containing historical remnants such as the Confucius Temple, the oldest temple in Northeast China and the largest ancient building in Liaoning.[6]

The east gate of the wall of the old town of Xingcheng.

Shoushan (首山), a mountain located in the east end of Xingcheng, is open to the public for recreation. Visitors can hike to its summit. The area around it features temples on adjacent hills.[12]

A Shou Shan Road (首山路) sign featuring the façade of Shoushan (首山) beyond the overgrowth in the background in Xingcheng.

المواصلات

Xingcheng is served by rail lines and bus routes that make it accessible from other larger cities. Huludao, a short taxi ride away, also features high-speed rail and other rail lines and additional bus routes.

Taxis are metered and are typically easy to hail with fares starting at 5 RMB.

The city also provides bus service about twelve hours a day for a fare of 1 RMB per passenger. Routes 1 and 2 connect the east end near the coast to the heart of the city's commercial activity in Nanguan (南关) in the old town and the rail and bus stations on the west end.

The closest airport is Jinzhou Airport.

التقسيمات الإدارية

There are seven subdistricts, four towns, and two townships, and 15 ethnic townships under the city's administration.[13]

Subdistricts:

Towns:

البلديات:

المناخ

Climate data for Xingcheng (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7) 		13.2
(55.8) 		22.9
(73.2) 		33.5
(92.3) 		36.9
(98.4) 		39.9
(103.8) 		37.5
(99.5) 		34.7
(94.5) 		33.9
(93.0) 		28.7
(83.7) 		21.0
(69.8) 		14.5
(58.1) 		39.9
(103.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −1.3
(29.7) 		2.1
(35.8) 		8.4
(47.1) 		16.1
(61.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		28.0
(82.4) 		28.3
(82.9) 		24.9
(76.8) 		17.9
(64.2) 		8.2
(46.8) 		1.1
(34.0) 		15.2
(59.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −7.6
(18.3) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		2.6
(36.7) 		10.5
(50.9) 		17.1
(62.8) 		21.3
(70.3) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		19.1
(66.4) 		11.6
(52.9) 		2.3
(36.1) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		9.7
(49.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −12.7
(9.1) 		−9.1
(15.6) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		4.9
(40.8) 		11.7
(53.1) 		17.1
(62.8) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.0
(68.0) 		13.7
(56.7) 		5.7
(42.3) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		−9.8
(14.4) 		4.8
(40.6)
Record low °C (°F) −27.5
(−17.5) 		−20.7
(−5.3) 		−14.4
(6.1) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		2.3
(36.1) 		5.5
(41.9) 		14.2
(57.6) 		11.2
(52.2) 		0.1
(32.2) 		−6.1
(21.0) 		−16.2
(2.8) 		−22.0
(−7.6) 		−27.5
(−17.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.2
(0.09) 		2.7
(0.11) 		7.2
(0.28) 		23.6
(0.93) 		49.6
(1.95) 		82.6
(3.25) 		151.8
(5.98) 		138.7
(5.46) 		43.8
(1.72) 		29.7
(1.17) 		12.3
(0.48) 		2.7
(0.11) 		546.9
(21.53)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.5 1.5 2.5 4.2 6.6 9.7 10.3 8.6 5.3 4.4 2.9 1.5 59
Average snowy days 2.3 1.9 1.7 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 1.9 2.1 10.6
Average relative humidity (%) 54 54 52 54 60 75 84 82 73 64 58 55 64
Mean monthly sunshine hours 220.8 219.9 264.3 261.2 281.4 240.7 206.6 235.3 250.5 235.1 199.1 205.2 2٬820٫1
Percent possible sunshine 74 73 71 65 63 54 46 56 68 69 68 71 65
Source: China Meteorological Administration[14][15]


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انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ "Xingcheng China" (in الصينية). Official website of Xingcheng Government. Archived from the original on July 23, 2008. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
  2. ^ أ ب Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 50. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  3. ^ "Huludao Population" (in الصينية). Official website of Huludao Government. Archived from the original on October 5, 2009. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
  4. ^ "History of Xingcheng" (in الصينية). Official website of Xingcheng Government. Archived from the original on July 23, 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-12.
  5. ^ "History of Xingcheng" (in الصينية). Official website of Xingcheng Government. Archived from the original on July 23, 2008. Retrieved 2010-01-05.
  6. ^ أ ب "Ancient City Xingcheng". Liaoning Gateway. Retrieved 2010-01-05.
  7. ^ "Passenger Transport Wharf serving Chrysanthemum Island". Location. Google Maps.
  8. ^ "Seaside Goddess Statue". Location. Google Maps.
  9. ^ "Temple of the Queen of Heaven". Location. Google Maps.
  10. ^ "Xingcheng, Huludao International Swimsuit Festival".
  11. ^ "Xingcheng Honored As Chinese Swimwear Town".
  12. ^ "Shoushan Guojiaji Forest Park". Location. Google Maps.
  13. ^ 2011年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：兴城市 (in الصينية). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  14. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in الصينية المبسطة). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  15. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in الصينية المبسطة). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 29 July 2023.

وصلات خارجية

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