زغبة

Dormice
Temporal range: Early Eocene–Recent
Graphiurus spec -murinus-1.jpg
African dormouse, Graphiurus sp.
التصنيف العلمي
مملكة:
الحيوان
Phylum:
الحبليات
Class:
الثدييات
Order:
القوارض Rodent
Suborder:
سنجابيات الشكل Sciuromorpha
Family:
Gliridae

Muirhead in Brewster, 1819
Subfamilies and genera

Graphiurinae

Leithiinae

Glirinae

الزغبة dormouse هي قارض من فصيلة Gliridae (this family is also variously called Myoxidae or Muscardinidae by different taxonomists). Dormice are mostly found in Europe, although some live in Africa and Asia. They are particularly known for their long periods of hibernation. Because only one species of dormouse is native to the British Isles, in everyday English usage, "dormouse" can refer either to that one species (the hazel dormouse) or to the family as a whole.

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السمات

Dormice are small rodents, with body lengths between 6 and 19 cm (2.4 and 7.5 in), and weights between 15 and 180 g (0.53 and 6.35 oz).[بحاجة لمصدر] They are generally mouse-like in appearance, but with furred, rather than scaly tails. They are largely but not exclusively arboreal, agile, and well adapted to climbing. Most species are nocturnal. Dormice have an excellent sense of hearing, and signal each other with a variety of vocalisations.[1]

Dormice are omnivorous, typically feeding on fruits, berries, flowers, nuts, and insects. They are unique among rodents in that they lack a cecum, a part of the gut used in other species to ferment vegetable matter. Their dental formula is similar to that of squirrels, although they often lack premolars:

تسنين
1.0.0–1.3
1.0.0–1.3

Dormice breed once or occasionally twice a year, producing litters with an average of four young after a gestation period of 22–24 days. They can live for as long as five years. The young are born hairless and helpless, and their eyes do not open until about 18 days after birth. They typically become sexually mature after the end of their first hibernation. Dormice live in small family groups, with home ranges that vary widely between species, and depend on the availability of food.[1]


البيات الشتوي

One of the most notable characteristics of those dormice that live in temperate zones is hibernation.

Relationship with humans

The edible dormouse was considered a delicacy in ancient Rome, either as a savoury appetizer or as a dessert (dipped in honey and poppy seeds). The Romans used a special kind of enclosure, a glirarium, to rear dormice for the table.[1] Dormice to this day are hunted and eaten in Slovenia. It is also considered a delicacy in several places in Croatia, namely Lika, and islands of Hvar and Brač.[2][3] Dormouse fat was used by the Elizabethans to induce sleep.[4]

التبويب

The family consists of 29 living species, in three subfamilies and (arguably) 9 genera:

FAMILY GLIRIDAE – الزغبة

أنواع أحفورية

الهامش

  1. ^ أ ب ت Baudoin, Claude (1984). Macdonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File. pp. 678–680. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.
  2. ^ Freedman, Paul. "Meals that Time Forgot", gourmet.com, March 2008.
  3. ^ "Fifth Puhijada". otok-hvar.com
  4. ^ "10 ways to get a really good sleep", BBC News Magazine, 27 March 2009.
  5. ^ Holden, Mary Ellen and Levine, Rebecca S (2009). "Chapter 9. Systematic Revision of Sub-Saharan African Dormice (Rodentia: Gliridae: Graphiurus) Part II: Description of a New Species of Graphiurus from the Central Congo Basin, Including Morphological and Ecological Niche Comparisons with G. crassicaudatus and G. lorraineus". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 331: 314–355. doi:10.1206/582-9.1.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

للاستزادة

  • Holden, M. E. "Family Gliridae". pp. 819–841 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2005.

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Gliridae nav

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