رالف نادر

Ralph Nader
Ralph Nader
	Nader speaking at BYU's Alternate Commencement in 2007.
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد	27 فبراير 1934 (العمر 90 سنة); وينستد، كنتيكت، الولايات المتحدة
الحزب	مستقل
انتماءات سياسية; أخرى	الخضر (affiliated non-member); Reform (affiliated non-member); Peace & Freedom (affiliated non-member); Natural Law (affiliated non-member); Populist Party of Maryland (created to support him in 2004); Vermont Progressive Party (affiliated non-member); Democratic Party (affiliated non-member)
الجامعة الأم	جامعة پرنستون (بكالوريوس); كلية الحقوق، بجامعة هارڤرد (بكالوريوس القانون)
المهنة	Attorney, consumer advocate, and political activist
الدين	Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
التوقيع
الموقع الإلكتروني	nader.org
الخدمة العسكرية
الولاء	الولايات المتحدة
الخدمة/الفرع	الولايات المتحدة
سنوات الخدمة	1959

رالف نادر (ولد 27 فبراير 1934) هو ناشط سياسي أمريكي عربي من أصل لبناني. قام بترشيح نفسه لرئاسة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ثلاث مرات ولم ينجح في أي من محاولاته. يعارض القوى الكبرى والمسيطرة على السياسة في بلاده (الحزبين الديمقراطي والجمهوري) ويعمل على دعم القضايا البيئية وحقوق المستهلكين منذ عقود. يعد نادر من أشد منتقدي السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية والذي يعتبرها هو أنها تناقض مبادئ الديمقراطية وحقوق الإنسان.

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الحملات الرئاسية

Young-looking Nader at 40+ years old gesturing as he speaks, wearing a coat and tie with unruly wavy dark hair.

نادر في 1975, approx. age 40.

رشح نفسه لرئاسة الولايات المتحدة عن حزب الخضر أعوام 1996 و2000ٍٍ م. بينما خاض انتخابات عام 2004 كمرشح مستقل.

Year	Votes	% Vote	Party	Running mate(s)
1996	685,297^[4]	0.71%	Green Party	Bill Boteler, Anne Goeke, Deborah Howes, Madelyn Hoffman, Krista Paradise, Muriel Tillinghast, Winona LaDuke
2000	2,882,955^[5]	2.74%	Green Party	Winona LaDuke
2004	465,151^[6]	0.38%	Independent, Reform Party, Independence Party	Peter Camejo
2008	739,034^[7]	0.56%	Independent, Independent-Ecology Party, Natural Law Party, Peace and Freedom Party	Matt Gonzalez

انظر أيضاً

ملاحظات

An Unreasonable Man (2006). An Unreasonable Man is a documentary film about Ralph Nader that appeared at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival.
Burden, Barry C. (2005). Ralph Nader's Campaign Strategy in the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election 2005, American Politics Research 33:672-99.
Ralph Nader: Up Close This film blends archival footage and scenes of Nader and his staff at work in Washington with interviews with Nader's family, friends and adversaries, as well as Nader himself. Written, directed and produced by Mark Litwak and Tiiu Lukk, 1990, color, 72 mins. Narration by Studs Terkel. Broadcast on PBS. Winner, Sinking Creek Film Festival; Best of Festival, Baltimore Int'l Film Festival; Silver Plaque, Chicago Int'l Film Festival, Silver Apple, National Educational Film & Video Festival.
Bear, Greg, "Eon" — the novel includes a depiction of a future group called the "Naderites" who follow Ralph Nader's humanistic teachings.
Martin, Justin. Nader: Crusader, Spoiler, Icon. Perseus Publishing, 2002. ISBN 0-7382-0563-X

الهامش

^ Graham, Kevin, Ralph Nader : Battling for Democracy, Denver, Colorado: Windom Publishing Company, ISBN 0-9700323-0-7
^ "Nader a Winner This Day — Ralph Nader". Washington Times, March 18, 2002.
^ "Washingtonpost.com". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2010-05-24.
^ U.S. Election Atlas; 1996 Presidential General Election Results. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)
^ Federal Election Commisswion; 2000 Official Presidential Election Results. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)
^ Federal Election Commission; 2004 Presidential Vote Summary. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)
^ Federal Election Commission; Federal Elections 2008. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)

للاستزادة

What Was Ralph Nader Thinking? by Jurgen Vsych, Wroughten Books, 2008. ISBN 978-0-9749879-2-7
Abuse of Trust: A Report on Ralph Nader's Network by Dan Burt, 1982. ISBN 978-0-89526-661-3
Citizen Nader by Charles McCarry Saturday Review Press, 1972 ISBN 0-8415-0163-7
The Investigation of Ralph Nader by Thomas Whiteside 1972.

وصلات خارجية

Nader.org official website
Nader / Gonzalez '08 campaign website
Appearances on C-SPAN
- Booknotes interview with Nader on Crashing the Party, February 3, 2002.
- In Depth interview with Nader, August 1, 2010
رالف نادر on Charlie Rose
رالف نادر at the Internet Movie Database
Works by or about رالف نادر in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
أخبار مُجمّعة وتعليقات عن رالف نادر في موقع صحيفة نيويورك تايمز.
قالب:Nndb

Articles and interviews

Kugel, Allison (May 14, 2008). "Ralph Nader Goes to Washington... Again – The PR.com Interview". PR.com.
"How Winstedites Kept Their Integrity," article by Nader in the September 1963 issue of The Freeman
Ralph Nader Goes to Washington... Again – The PR.com Interview
Digital History Ralph Nader
Nader, Rare Among Candidates May 5, 2008
Ralph Nader on RAI. The Real News. December 18, 2013.
Ralph Nader's America: Impeach Obama, decriminalize drugs, libertarians & progressives unite! Yahoo! News, April 29, 2014.

مناصب حزبية
حزب جديد	Green Party Presidential nominee 1996 (4th), 2000 (3rd)	تبعه David Cobb
سبقه Pat Buchanan	Reform Party Presidential candidate 2004 ⁽¹⁾ (3rd)	تبعه Ted Weill
سبقه Leonard Peltier	Peace and Freedom Party Presidential nominee 2008	تبعه Roseanne Barr

قالب:Ralph Nader

قالب:United States presidential election candidates, 2004

قالب:GreenPresidentialNominees

قالب:Consumerism

الكلمات الدالة:

[Battling_for_Democracy-1] Graham, Kevin, Ralph Nader : Battling for Democracy, Denver, Colorado: Windom Publishing Company, ISBN 0-9700323-0-7

[Washington_Times-2] "Nader a Winner This Day — Ralph Nader". Washington Times, March 18, 2002.

[Nader2004WP-3] "Washingtonpost.com". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2010-05-24.

[4] U.S. Election Atlas; 1996 Presidential General Election Results. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)

[5] Federal Election Commisswion; 2000 Official Presidential Election Results. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)

[6] Federal Election Commission; 2004 Presidential Vote Summary. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)

[7] Federal Election Commission; Federal Elections 2008. (Retrieved 5-7-13.)

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v t e مرشحي إنتخابات الرياسية الأمريكية, 2000
الحزب الديموقراطي	Straw polls • Primary polls • General polls • Debates • Primaries • Results • Delegates • Convention
مرشحون	Bill Bradley (campaign) • Al Gore (campaign) • Lyndon LaRouche
VP Candidate	Joe Lieberman
Republican Party	Straw polls • Primary polls • General polls • Debates • Primaries • Results • Delegates • Convention
مرشحون	Lamar Alexander • Gary Bauer • Pat Buchanan • George W. Bush (campaign) • إليزابيث دول • ستيڤ فوربس • Orrin Hatch • John Kasich • Alan Keyes • John McCain (campaign) • Dan Quayle • Robert C. Smith
VP Candidate	Dick Cheney
Constitution Party	Convention · Howard Phillips · Herb Titus · Mathew Zupan
حزب الخضر	Convention • Jello Biafra · ستيڤن جاسكن · Joel Kovel · Ralph Nader (campaign)
الحزب التحرري	Convention • Harry Browne • Don Gorman • Jacob Hornberger • Barry Hess • David Hollist
Reform Party	Pat Buchanan • John Hagelin • Donald Trump
Natural Law Party	John Hagelin
مرشحين آخرين	Cathy Gordon Brown • Earl F. Dodge • Charles E. Collins • James Harris • Isabell Masters • Monica Moorehead • L. Neil Smith

v t e الانتخابات الرئاسية الأمريكية 2008
الإنتخابات الأمريكية 2008 • المرشحون (Comparison) • Debates • Congressional support • Fundraising • Ballot access • Timeline • Super Tuesday • Potomac primary • Super Tuesday II • Straw polls • General polls • Statewide general polls • International reaction to the election results
الحزب الديمقراطي Convention • Straw polls • Primary polls • General polls • Debates • Primaries • Primary results • Superdelegates	مرشح: باراك اوباما (الحملة · positions) VP nominee: Joe Biden (positions) Former candidates: Evan Bayh · Joe Biden (campaign) · Hillary Rodham Clinton (campaign) · Chris Dodd (campaign) · John Edwards (campaign) · Mike Gravel (campaign) · Dennis Kucinich (campaign) · Dal LaMagna · Bill Richardson (campaign) · Tom Vilsack (campaign)
الحزب الجمهوري Convention • Straw polls • Primary polls • General polls • Debates • Primaries • Primary results	مرشح: جون ماكين (الحملة • positions) VP nominee: Sarah Palin (positions) Former candidates: Sam Brownback · Hugh Cort · John Cox · Dan Gilbert · Jim Gilmore (campaign) · Rudy Giuliani (campaign) · Mike Huckabee (campaign) · Duncan Hunter (campaign) · Alan Keyes (campaign) · Ray McKinney · Ron Paul (campaign) · Mitt Romney (campaign) · Tom Tancredo (campaign) · Fred Thompson (campaign) · Tommy Thompson (campaign)
الحزب الدستوري Convention	مرشح: Chuck Baldwin (campaign)/Darrell Castle Former candidates: Daniel Imperato · Alan Keyes (campaign)
Green Party Convention	Nominee: Cynthia McKinney (campaign · positions)/Rosa Clemente Former candidates: Elaine Brown · Jesse Johnson · Kent Mesplay · Kat Swift
Libertarian Party Convention	Nominee: Bob Barr (campaign · positions)/Wayne Allyn Root Former candidates: Mike Gravel (campaign) · Daniel Imperato · Steve Kubby · George Phillies · Wayne Allyn Root · Mary Ruwart · Doug Stanhope
Minor parties	America's Independent Party: Alan Keyes (campaign)/Brian Rohrbough · Boston Tea Party: Charles Jay/Thomas L. Knapp · New American Independent Party: Frank McEnulty · Objectivist Party · Prohibition Party: Gene Amondson/Leroy Pletten · Party for Socialism and Liberation: Gloria La Riva/Eugene Puryear · Reform Party: Ted Weill/Frank McEnulty · Socialist Party: Brian Moore/Stewart Alexander · Socialist Workers Party: Róger Calero/Alyson Kennedy
Independent	John Taylor Bowles · Ralph Nader (campaign)/Matt Gonzalez · Jonathon Sharkey
Draft movements	Democratic Party: Al Gore · Mark Warner (movement) · Republican Party: Newt Gingrich · Condoleezza Rice (movement) · Independent: Michael Bloomberg (movement)
Those listed following the "/" are the party's vice-presidential nominee Other 2008 elections: House • Senate • Gubernatorial

v t e حزب الإصلاح
المرشحون الرئاسيون	1996: پروت/شاوت 2000: بيوكانن/فوستر 2004: نادر/كامجو 2008: وييل/مكإنولتي 2012: بارنت/كروس 2016: دى لا فونت/ستاينبرگ
الانتهابات التمهيدية	1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016
أفراد بارزون آخرون	Russ Verney Jesse Ventura Mae Schunk Richard Lamm Ed Zschau Buddy Roemer دونالد ترمپ
قائمة أداءات الحزب الثالث في انتخابات الولايات المتحدة

v t e الحركة المناهضة للطاقة النووية في الولايات المتحدة
عام	Anti-nuclear groups in the US California movement Great Peace March Nuclear history of the United States Nuclear power in the US Canceled nuclear plants in the US Nuclear weapons and the US Protests in the US Anti-nuclear advocates in the US
Organizations and groups	Abalone Alliance Alliance for Nuclear Responsibility Clamshell Alliance Committee for Nuclear Responsibility Corporate Accountability International Critical Mass Energy Project Friends of the Earth Greenpeace USA Institute for Energy and Environmental Research Mothers for Peace Musicians United for Safe Energy Nevada Desert Experience Nuclear Control Institute Nuclear Information and Resource Service Physicians for Social Responsibility Plowshares Movement Public Citizen Shad Alliance Sierra Club Three Mile Island Alert Women Strike for Peace
أشخاص	Daniel Berrigan Larry Bogart Pierce Brosnan Helen Caldicott Barry Commoner Frances Crowe Carrie Barefoot Dickerson Paul M. Doty Jane Fonda Randall Forsberg John Gofman Paul Gunter John Hall Jackie Hudson Sam Lovejoy Amory Lovins Gregory Minor Hermann Joseph Muller رالف نادر لاينس پولنگ Eugene Rabinowitch Phil Radford Bonnie Raitt Martin Sheen Karen Silkwood Thomas Louie Vitale Harvey Wasserman Victor Weisskopf
Main protest sites	Black Fox Bodega Bay Diablo Canyon Indian Point Lawrence Livermore Montague Naval Base Kitsap Nevada Test Site Rancho Seco Rocky Flats San Onofre Seabrook Shoreham Three Mile Island Trojan Vermont Yankee White House Peace Vigil Y-12 Weapons Plant Yankee Rowe
Books	Carbon-Free and Nuclear-Free Conservation Fallout: Nuclear Protest at Diablo Canyon Contesting the Future of Nuclear Power Critical Masses: Opposition to Nuclear Power in California, 1958-1978 The Cult of the Atom The Doomsday Machine (book) Fallout: An American Nuclear Tragedy Killing Our Own Licensed to Kill? The Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Shoreham Power Plant Making a Real Killing: Rocky Flats and the Nuclear West Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Politics in America We Almost Lost Detroit
Films	Atomic Ed and the Black Hole The China Syndrome Countdown to Zero Dark Circle Nuclear Tipping Point Silkwood

Persondata
Name	Nader, Ralph
Alternative names
Short description	American attorney and political activist
Date of birth	February 27, 1934
Place of birth	Winsted, Connecticut, United States
Date of death
Place of death