قائمة رؤساء توگو
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هذه هي قائمة رؤساء توگو منذ إنشاء منصب الرئيس في 1960، حتى اليوم.
A total of four people have served as President (not counting one Acting President and two interim military officeholders). Additionally, one person, Faure Gnassingbé, has served on two non-consecutive occasions.
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وصف المنصب
الانتخاب
The President of the Republic is elected by universal, direct and secret suffrage for a mandate of five (05) years.[1]
He is re-eligible.[1]
The election of the President of the Republic takes place by uninominal majority ballot in one (01) round.[2]
The President of the Republic is elected with the majority of the suffrage expressed.[2]
The vote is opened on convocation of the electoral body by decree taken in the Council of Ministers sixty (60) days at least and seventy-five (75) days at most before the expiration of the mandate of the President in office.[3]
No one may be a candidate for the office of the President of the Republic if they:[4]
- are not exclusively of Togolese nationality by birth;
- are not thirty-five (35) years of age on the date of the deposit of the candidature;
- do not enjoy all their civil and political rights;
- do not present a general state of physical and mental well-being duly declared by three (03) sworn physicians, designated by the Constitutional Court;
- do not reside in the national territory for at least twelve (12) months.
The President of the Republic enters office within the fifteen days which follow the proclamation of the results of the presidential election.[5]
وفي مايو 2019، صدق البرلمان على التعديل الدستوري الجديد الذي يُتيح للرئيس الحالي "فور گناسنگبى" البقاء في السلطة حتى عام 2030 ، مما يمدد حكم أسرته إلى 63 عامًا في الدولة الواقعة في غرب إفريقيا على الرغم من الاحتجاجات الواسعة.
قسم المنصب
Before his entry into office, the President of the Republic swears before the Constitutional Court meeting in solemn hearing, in these terms:[6]
Before God and before the Togolese people, sole holders of popular sovereignty, We _____, elected President of the Republic in accordance with the laws of the Republic, solemnly swear.
— to respect and to defend the Constitution that the Togolese people have freely given themselves;
— to loyally fulfill the high functions that the Nation has confided in us.
— to be guided solely by the general interest and the respect of the rights of the human person, to consecrate all our forces to the promotion of development, of the common good, of peace and of national unity;
— to preserve the integrity of the national territory;
— to conduct our self at all times, as a faithful and loyal servant of the People.
الشغور
In case of a vacancy of the Presidency of the Republic by death, resignation or definitive incapacity, the presidential function is exercised provisionally by the President of the National Assembly.[7]
The vacancy is declared by the Constitutional Court referred to [the matter] by the Government.[7]
The Government convokes the electoral body within the sixty (60) days of the opening of the vacancy for the election of a new President of the Republic.[7]
مفتاح
- الأحزاب
- Union for the Republic (UNIR)
- فرق أخرى
- الوضع
- Denotes Acting/Interim Head of State
القائمة
| No. | الرئيس (ميلاد–وفاة) |
پورتريه | العهد | اِنتُخِب | الانتماء السياسي | رئيس الوزراء | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| تولى المنصب | غادر المنصب | مدة الرئاسة | |||||||
| 1 | Sylvanus Olympio (1902–1963) |
|
27 April 1960 | 13 January 1963 (assassinated.) |
2 years, 261 days | 1961 | CUT | Himself | |
| – | Emmanuel Bodjollé (1928–)[أ] |
|
13 January 1963 | 15 January 1963 | 2 days | – | Military | Position abolished | |
| 2 | Nicolas Grunitzky (1913–1969) |
|
16 January 1963 | 13 January 1967 (deposed.) |
3 years, 362 days | 1963 | MPT | Position abolished | |
| – | Kléber Dadjo (1914–1988/89)[ب] |
|
16 January 1967 | 14 April 1967 | 91 days | – | Military | Position abolished | |
| 3 | گناسنگبى إياديما (1935–2005)[ت] |
|
14 April 1967 | 5 فبراير 2005 (توفي في المنصب.) |
37 years, 297 days | 1972 1979 1986 1993 1998 2003 |
Military / RPT | Koffigoh E. Kodjo Klutse Adoboli A. Kodjo Sama | |
| 4 | فور گناسنگبى (1966–)[ث] |
|
5 February 2005[ج] | 25 February 2005 (resigned.)[ح] |
20 days | — | RPT | Sama | |
| – | بونفو عباس (1948–)[خ] |
|
25 February 2005 | 4 May 2005 | 68 days | – | RPT | Sama | |
| (4) | فور گناسنگبى (1966–)[ث] |
|
4 May 2005 | Incumbent | 19 years, 227 days | 2005 2010 2015 |
RPT / UNIR | Sama E. Kodjo Agboyibo Mally Houngbo Ahoomey-Zunu Klassou | |
الملاحظات
- ^ Styled as Chairman of the Insurrection Committee.
- ^ Styled as Chairman of the National Reconciliation Committee.
- ^ Previously named Étienne Eyadéma; changed name on 8 May 1974 due to the policy of Africanization, and to commemorate survival of a crash of his Douglas C-47 Skytrain presidential plane on 24 January 1974.
- ^ أ ب ابن گناسنگبى إياديما.
- ^ Proclaimed President by General Zakari Nandja, Chief of Staff of the Togolese Armed Forces, and confirmed by the National Assembly.
- ^ Stepped down due to heavy regional pressure, caused over doubts regarding the constitutional legitimacy of his succession.
- ^ Succeeded Eyadéma as the constitutional successor, President of the National Assembly.
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آخر انتخابات
| المرشح | الحزب | الأصوات | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| فور گناسنگبى | Union for the Republic | 1,221,756 | 58.75 |
| Jean-Pierre Fabre | National Alliance for Change | 732,026 | 35.21 |
| Tchaboure Gogue | Alliance of Democrats for Integral Development | 83,803 | 4.03 |
| Komandega Tamaa | New Togolese Commitment | 21,581 | 1.04 |
| Mohamed Tchassona-Traoré | Citizens' Movement for Democracy and Development | 20,064 | 0.96 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 58,813 | – | |
| Total | 2,138,438 | 100 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,509,258 | 60.92 | |
| Source: Constitutional Court | |||
انظر أيضاً
المراجع
- ^ أ ب Article 59 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ أ ب Article 60 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ Article 61 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ Article 62 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ Article 63 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ Article 64 of the Constitution of 1992.
- ^ أ ب ت Article 65 of the Constitution of 1992.
