The Kentucky Derby / ˈ d ɜr b i / is a horse race held annually in Louisville, Kentucky , الولايات المتحدة , on the first Saturday in May, capping the two-week-long Kentucky Derby Festival . The race is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds with a length of one and a quarter miles (2 km) at Churchill Downs . Colts and geldings carry 126 pounds (57 kilograms) and fillies 121 pounds (55 kilograms).[1]
The race is known in the الولايات المتحدة as "The Most Exciting Two Minutes In Sports" or "The Fastest Two Minutes in Sports" for its approximate duration, and is also called "The Run for the Roses" for the blanket of roses draped over the winner. It is the first leg of the American Triple Crown and is followed by the Preakness Stakes , then the Belmont Stakes . Unlike the Preakness and Belmont Stakes, which took hiatuses in 1891-1893 and 1911-1912, respectively, the Kentucky Derby has been run every consecutive year since 1875. A horse must win all three races to win the Triple Crown.[2] In the 2015 listing of the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA), the Kentucky Derby tied with the Whitney Handicap as the top Grade 1 race in the United States outside of the Breeders' Cup races.[3]
The attendance at the Kentucky Derby ranks first in North America and usually surpasses the attendance of all other stakes races including the Preakness Stakes, Belmont Stakes, and the Breeders' Cup.[4]
The 141st running of the Kentucky Derby was Saturday, May 2, 2015 with a $2 million guarantee.[5]
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التاريخ
In 1872, Col. Meriwether Lewis Clark, Jr. , grandson of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark expedition , traveled to إنگلترة , visiting the Derby , a famous race that had been running annually since 1780.[6] From there, Clark went on to Paris, France , where in 1863, a group of racing enthusiasts had formed the French Jockey Club and had organized the Grand Prix de Paris at Longchamps , which at the time was the greatest race in France.
A thoroughbred horse is depicted on the reverse of the Kentucky
state quarter
Returning home to Kentucky, Clark organized the Louisville Jockey Club for the purpose of raising money to build quality racing facilities just outside of the city. The track would soon become known as Churchill Downs , named for John and Henry Churchill, who provided the land for the racetrack.[7] Officially, the racetrack was incorporated as Churchill Downs in 1937.[8]
The Kentucky Derby was first run at 1+ 1 ⁄2 miles (2.4 kilometres), the same distance as the Epsom Derby. The distance was changed in 1896 to its current 1+ 1 ⁄4 miles (2.0 kilometres). On May 17, 1875, in front of an estimated crowd of 10,000 people, a field of 15 three-year-old horses contested the first Derby. Under jockey Oliver Lewis , a colt named Aristides , who was trained by future Hall of Famer Ansel Williamson , won the inaugural Derby. Later that year, Lewis rode Aristides to a second-place finish in the Belmont Stakes .
الأرقام القياسية
Most wins by a jockey
Most wins by a trainer
Most wins by an owner
8 - Calumet Farm (1941, 1944, 1948, 1949, 1952, 1957, 1958, 1968)
Stakes record
Record Victory Margin
Longest shot to win the Derby
الفائزون
Kentucky Derby winners
السنة
الفائز
الجوكي
المدرب
المالك
الوقت*
2015
الفرعون الأمريكي
Victor Espinoza
Bob Baffert
أحمد الزيات
2:03.02
2014
California Chrome
Victor Espinoza
Art Sherman
Steve Coburn & Perry Martin
2:03.66
2013
Orb
Joel Rosario
Claude McGaughey III
Stuart S. Janney III & Phipps Stable
2:02.89
2012
I'll Have Another
Mario Gutierrez
Doug O'Neill
J. Paul Reddam
2:01.83
2011
Animal Kingdom
John Velazquez
H. Graham Motion
Team Valor
2:02.04
2010
Super Saver
Calvin Borel
Todd Pletcher
WinStar Farm
2:04.45
2009
Mine That Bird
Calvin Borel
Bennie L. Woolley, Jr.
Double Eagle Ranch et al.
2:02.66
2008
Big Brown
Kent Desormeaux
Richard E. Dutrow, Jr.
IEAH Stables / P. Pompa
2:01.82
2007
Street Sense
Calvin Borel
Carl Nafzger
James B. Tafel
2:02.17
2006
Barbaro
Edgar Prado
Michael R. Matz
Lael Stables
2:01.36
2005
Giacomo
Mike E. Smith
John Shirreffs
Jerry & Ann Moss
2:02.75
2004
Smarty Jones
Stewart Elliott
John Servis
Someday Farm
2:04.06
2003
Funny Cide
Jose Santos
Barclay Tagg
Sackatoga Stable
2:01.19
2002
War Emblem
Victor Espinoza
Bob Baffert
Thoroughbred Corp.
2:01.13
2001
Monarchos
Jorge F. Chavez
John T. Ward, Jr.
John C. Oxley
1:59.97
2000
Fusaichi Pegasus
Kent Desormeaux
Neil Drysdale
Fusao Sekiguchi
2:01.00
1999
Charismatic
Chris Antley
D. Wayne Lukas
Bob & Beverly Lewis
2:03.20
1998
Real Quiet
Kent Desormeaux
Bob Baffert
Michael E. Pegram
2:02.20
1997
Silver Charm
Gary Stevens
Bob Baffert
Bob & Beverly Lewis
2:02.40
1996
Grindstone
Jerry Bailey
D. Wayne Lukas
Overbrook Farm
2:01.00
1995
Thunder Gulch
Gary Stevens
D. Wayne Lukas †
Michael Tabor
2:01.20
1994
Go for Gin
Chris McCarron
Nick Zito
Condren & Cornacchia
2:03.60
1993
Sea Hero
Jerry Bailey
MacKenzie Miller
Rokeby Stables
2:02.40
1992
Lil E. Tee
Pat Day
Lynn S. Whiting
W. Cal Partee
2:03.00
1991
Strike the Gold
Chris Antley
Nick Zito
BCC Stable
2:03.00
1990
Unbridled
Craig Perret
Carl Nafzger
Frances A. Genter
2:02.00
1989
Sunday Silence
Pat Valenzuela
Charlie Whittingham
H-G-W Partners
2:05.00
1988
Winning Colors ‡
Gary Stevens
D. Wayne Lukas
Eugene V. Klein
2:02.20
1987
Alysheba
Chris McCarron
Jack Van Berg
D. & P. Scharbauer
2:03.40
1986
Ferdinand
Bill Shoemaker
Charlie Whittingham
Elizabeth A. Keck
2:02.80
1985
Spend A Buck
Angel Cordero, Jr.
Cam Gambolati
Dennis Diaz
2:00.20
1984
Swale
Laffit Pincay, Jr.
Woody Stephens
Claiborne Farm
2:02.40
1983
Sunny's Halo
Eddie Delahoussaye
David C. Cross, Jr.
D. J. Foster Stable
2:02.20
1982
Gato Del Sol
Eddie Delahoussaye
Edwin J. Gregson
Hancock & Peters
2:02.40
1981
Pleasant Colony
Jorge Velasquez
John P. Campo
Buckland Farm
2:02.00
1980
Genuine Risk ‡
Jacinto Vasquez
LeRoy Jolley
Diana M. Firestone
2:02.00
1979
Spectacular Bid
Ronnie Franklin
Bud Delp
Hawksworth Farm
2:02.40
1978
Affirmed †
Steve Cauthen
Laz Barrera
Harbor View Farm
2:01.20
1977
Seattle Slew †
Jean Cruguet
William H. Turner, Jr.
Karen L. Taylor
2:02.20
1976
Bold Forbes
Angel Cordero, Jr.
Laz Barrera
E. Rodriguez Tizol
2:01.60
1975
Foolish Pleasure
Jacinto Vasquez
LeRoy Jolley
John L. Greer
2:02.00
1974
Cannonade
Angel Cordero, Jr.
Woody Stephens
John M. Olin
2:04.00
1973
Secretariat †
Ron Turcotte
Lucien Laurin
Meadow Stable
1:59.40
1972
Riva Ridge
Ron Turcotte
Lucien Laurin
Meadow Stud
2:01.80
1971
Canonero II
Gustavo Avila
Juan Arias
Edgar Caibett
2:03.20
1970
Dust Commander
Mike Manganello
Don Combs
Robert E. Lehmann
2:03.40
1969
Majestic Prince
Bill Hartack
Johnny Longden
Frank M. McMahon
2:01.80
1968 *
Forward Pass
Ismael Valenzuela
Henry Forrest
Calumet Farm
2:02.20
1967
Proud Clarion
Bobby Ussery
Loyd Gentry, Jr.
Darby Dan Farm
2:00.60
1966
Kauai King
Don Brumfield
Henry Forrest
Ford Stable
2:02.00
1965
Lucky Debonair
Bill Shoemaker
Frank Catrone
Ada L. Rice
2:01.20
1964
Northern Dancer
Bill Hartack
Horatio Luro
Windfields Farm
2:00.00
1963
Chateaugay
Braulio Baeza
James P. Conway
Darby Dan Farm
2:01.80
1962
Decidedly
Bill Hartack
Horatio Luro
El Peco Ranch
2:00.40
1961
Carry Back
Johnny Sellers
Jack A. Price
Katherine Price
2:04.00
1960
Venetian Way
Bill Hartack
Victor J. Sovinski
Sunny Blue Farm
2:02.40
1959
Tomy Lee
Bill Shoemaker
Frank E. Childs
Fred & Juliette Turner
2:02.20
1958
Tim Tam
Ismael Valenzuela
Jimmy Jones
Calumet Farm
2:05.00
1957
Iron Liege
Bill Hartack
Jimmy Jones
Calumet Farm
2:02.20
1956
Needles
David Erb
Hugh L. Fontaine
D & H Stable
2:03.40
1955
Swaps
Bill Shoemaker
Mesh Tenney
Rex C. Ellsworth
2:01.80
1954
Determine
Raymond York
William Molter
Andrew J. Crevolin
2:03.00
1953
Dark Star
Hank Moreno
Eddie Hayward
Cain Hoy Stable
2:02.00
1952
Hill Gail
Eddie Arcaro
Ben A. Jones
Calumet Farm
2:01.60
1951
Count Turf
Conn McCreary
Sol Rutchick
Jack J. Amiel
2:02.60
1950
Middleground
William Boland
Max Hirsch
King Ranch
2:01.60
1949
Ponder
Steve Brooks
Ben A. Jones
Calumet Farm
2:04.20
1948
Citation †
Eddie Arcaro
Ben A. Jones
Calumet Farm
2:05.40
1947
Jet Pilot
Eric Guerin
Tom Smith
Maine Chance Farm
2:06.80
1946
Assault †
Warren Mehrtens
Max Hirsch
King Ranch
2:06.60
1945
Hoop Jr.
Eddie Arcaro
Ivan H. Parke
Fred W. Hooper
2:07.00
1944
Pensive
Conn McCreary
Ben A. Jones
Calumet Farm
2:04.20
1943
Count Fleet †
Johnny Longden
Don Cameron
Fannie Hertz
2:04.00
1942
Shut Out
Wayne D. Wright
John M. Gaver, Sr.
Greentree Stable
2:04.40
1941
Whirlaway †
Eddie Arcaro
Ben A. Jones
Calumet Farm
2:01.40
1940
Gallahadion
Carroll Bierman
Roy Waldron
Milky Way Farm
2:05.00
1939
Johnstown
James Stout
Jim Fitzsimmons
Belair Stud
2:03.40
1938
Lawrin
Eddie Arcaro
Ben A. Jones
Herbert M. Woolf
2:04.80
1937
War Admiral †
Charley Kurtsinger
George Conway
Glen Riddle Farm
2:03.20
1936
Bold Venture
Ira Hanford
Max Hirsch
Morton L. Schwartz
2:03.60
1935
Omaha †
Willie Saunders
Jim Fitzsimmons
Belair Stud
2:05.00
1934
Cavalcade
Mack Garner
Bob Smith
Brookmeade Stable
2:04.00
1933
Brokers Tip
Don Meade
Herbert J. Thompson
Edward R. Bradley
2:06.80
1932
Burgoo King
Eugene James
Herbert J. Thompson
Edward R. Bradley
2:05.20
1931
Twenty Grand
Charley Kurtsinger
James G. Rowe, Jr.
Greentree Stable
2:01.80
1930
Gallant Fox †
Earl Sande
Jim Fitzsimmons
Belair Stud
2:07.60
1929
Clyde Van Dusen
Linus McAtee
Clyde Van Dusen
Herbert P. Gardner
2:10.80
1928
Reigh Count
Chick Lang
Bert S. Michell
Fannie Hertz
2:10.40
1927
Whiskery
Linus McAtee
Fred Hopkins
Harry P. Whitney
2:06.00
1926
Bubbling Over
Albert Johnson
Herbert J. Thompson
Edward R. Bradley
2:03.80
1925
Flying Ebony
Earl Sande
William B. Duke
Gifford A. Cochran
2:07.60
1924
Black Gold
J. D. Mooney
Hanley Webb
Rosa M. Hoots
2:05.20
1923
Zev
Earl Sande
David J. Leary
Rancocas Stable
2:05.40
1922
Morvich
Albert Johnson
Fred Burlew
Benjamin Block
2:04.60
1921
Behave Yourself
Charles Thompson
Herbert J. Thompson
Edward R. Bradley
2:04.20
1920
Paul Jones
Ted Rice
Billy Garth
Ral Parr
2:09.00
1919
Sir Barton †
Johnny Loftus
H. Guy Bedwell
J. K. L. Ross
2:09.80
1918
Exterminator
William Knapp
Henry McDaniel
Willis Sharpe Kilmer
2:10.80
1917
Omar Khayyam
Charles Borel
Charles T. Patterson
Billings & Johnson
2:04.60
1916
George Smith
Johnny Loftus
Hollie Hughes
John Sanford
2:04.00
1915
Regret ‡
Joe Notter
James G. Rowe, Sr.
Harry P. Whitney
2:05.40
1914
Old Rosebud
John McCabe
Frank D. Weir
Hamilton C. Applegate
2:03.40
1913
Donerail
Roscoe Goose
Thomas P. Hayes
Thomas P. Hayes
2:04.80
1912
Worth
Carroll H. Shilling
Frank M. Taylor
Henry C. Hallenbeck
2:09.40
1911
Meridian
George Archibald
Albert Ewing
Richard F. Carman
2:05.00
1910
Donau
Frederick Herbert
George Ham
William Gerst
2:06.40
1909
Wintergreen
Vincent Powers
Charles Mack
Jerome B. Respess
2:08.20
1908
Stone Street
Arthur Pickens
J. W. Hall
C. E. & J. W. Hamilton
2:15.20
1907
Pink Star
Andy Minder
W. H. Fizer
J. Hal Woodford
2:12.60
1906
Sir Huon
Roscoe Troxler
Pete Coyne
Bashford Manor Stable
2:08.80
1905
Agile
Jack Martin
Robert Tucker
Samuel S. Brown
2:10.75
1904
Elwood
Shorty Prior
Charles E. Durnell
Mrs. C. E. Durnell
2:08.50
1903
Judge Himes
Hal Booker
John P. Mayberry
Charles R. Ellison
2:09.00
1902
Alan-a-Dale
Jimmy Winkfield
Thomas C. McDowell
Thomas C. McDowell
2:08.75
1901
His Eminence
Jimmy Winkfield
Frank B. Van Meter
Frank B. Van Meter
2:07.75
1900
Lieut. Gibson
Jimmy Boland
Charles Hughes
Charles H. Smith
2:06.25
1899
Manuel
Fred Taral
Robert J. Walden
A. H. & D. H. Morris
2:12.00
1898
Plaudit
Willie Simms
John E. Madden
John E. Madden
2:09.00
1897
Typhoon II
Buttons Garner
J. C. Cahn
J. C. Cahn
2:12.50
1896
Ben Brush
Willie Simms
Hardy Campbell, Jr.
Mike F. Dwyer
2:07.75
1895
Halma
Soup Perkins
Byron McClelland
Byron McClelland
2:37.50
1894
Chant
Frank Goodale
H. Eugene Leigh
Leigh & Rose
2:41.00
1893
Lookout
Eddie Kunze
William McDaniel
Cushing & Orth
2:39.25
1892
Azra
Alonzo Clayton
John H. Morris
Bashford Manor Stable
2:41.50
1891
Kingman
Isaac Murphy
Dud Allen
Jacobin Stable
2:52.25
1890
Riley
Isaac Murphy
Edward Corrigan
Edward Corrigan
2:45.00
1889
Spokane
Thomas Kiley
John Rodegap
Noah Armstrong
2:34.50
1888
Macbeth II
George Covington
John Campbell
Chicago Stable
2:38.00
1887
Montrose
Isaac Lewis
John McGinty
Labold Brothers
2:39.25
1886
Ben Ali
Paul Duffy
Jim Murphy
J. B. A. Haggin
2:36.50
1885
Joe Cotton
Erskine Henderson
Abe Perry
James T. Williams
2:37.25
1884
Buchanan
Isaac Murphy
William Bird
William Cottrill
2:40.25
1883
Leonatus
Billy Donohue
Raleigh Colston
Chinn & Morgan
2:43.00
1882
Apollo
Babe Hurd
Green B. Morris
Morris & Patton
2:40.00
1881
Hindoo
Jim McLaughlin
James G. Rowe, Sr.
Dwyer Bros. Stable
2:40.00
1880
Fonso
George Lewis
Tice Hutsell
J. Snell Shawhan
2:37.50
1879
Lord Murphy
Charlie Shauer
George Rice
Darden & Co
2:37.00
1878
Day Star
Jimmy Carter
Lee Paul
T. J. Nichols
2:37.25
1877
Baden-Baden
Billy Walker
Edward D. Brown
Daniel Swigert
2:38.00
1876
Vagrant
Bobby Swim
James Williams
William Astor, Jr.
2:38.25
1875
Aristides
Oliver Lewis
Ansel Williamson
Hal P. McGrath
2:37.75
Note: Timed to the 1/4 second 1875 to 1905, to the 1/5 second 1906 to 2000 and to the 1/100 since 2001.
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See also
^ "Tenth Race Churchill May 1, 2004" . May 1, 2004. Daily Racing Forum. Accessed on May 9, 2006.
^ Novak, Claire (September 23, 2013). "Will Take Charge Wins Pennsylvania Derby" . Blood Horse. Retrieved February 22, 2014 .
^ "The World's Top 100 G1 Races for 3yo's and upwards" (PDF) . www.ifhaonline.org . International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. Retrieved March 3, 2015 .
^ ^ 2009 The Original Racing Almanac, page 140 for Kentucky Derby, page 156 for the Preakness Stakes, page 241 for Kentucky Oaks , page 167 for Belmont Stakes, page 184 Breeders' Cup, June 26, 2008.
^ "About the Road to the Kentucky Derby" . Kentucky Derby . Retrieved February 19, 2015 .
^ "Racing for the Roses - History of Kentucky Derby" . February 15, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2014 .
^ Ward, Arch (April 30, 1936). "Talking It Over" . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved May 5, 2012 . (يتطلب اشتراك)
^ "History Of Churchill Downs" . Churchill Downs. Retrieved February 23, 2014 .
للاستزادة
David Domine, Insiders' Guide to Louisville. Guilford, CT: Globe-Pequot Press, 2010.
James C. Nicholson, The Kentucky Derby: Howe the Run for the Roses Became America's Premier Sporting Event. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 2012.
وصلات خارجية
قالب:KentuckyDerby
قالب:Louisville