خط أنابيب لانغلد
| خط أنابيب لانگلد Langeled pipeline | |
|---|---|
 Easington terminal of the Langeled pipeline | |
 موقع خط أنابيب لانغلد | |
| الموقع | |
| البلد | النرويج، المملكة المتحدة |
| الاتجاه العام | east-south-west |
| من | نيهامنا، النرويج |
| يمر عبر | منصة رفع سلايپنر |
| إلى | Easington, المملكة المتحدة |
| معلومات عامة | |
| النوع | natural gas |
| الشركاء | Petoro, Statoil, Norske Shell, DONG Energy, ExxonMobil, ConocoPhillips, Gassco |
| المشغل | Gassco |
| المعلومات التقنية | |
| الطول | 1,166 km (725 mi) |
| أقصى سعة | 25.5 بليون متر مكعب بالسنة |
خط أنابيب لانگلد/لانغلد (الذي كان يُعرف في الأصل بإسم Britpipe) is an underwater gas pipeline transporting Norwegian natural gas to the المملكة المتحدة. Before the completion of the Nord Stream pipeline, it was the longest subsea pipeline in the world.[1][2]
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التاريخ
The project was launched under the original name Britpipe. In October 2003, Royal Dutch Shell, ExxonMobil and Statoil signed agreements to supply natural gas through the Britpipe.[3] The pipeline's construction began in 2004.[4] The largest part of the pipeline was installed by Acergy Piper, a pipe-laying ship of Acergy.[5] Other pipe-laying ships, which were used, are Solitaire of Allseas, and Saipem 7000 of Saipem.[6]
The pipeline was opened in two stages. The southern section (Sleipner Riser platform to Easington) began piping gas on 1 October 2006, the northern section (Nyhamna to Sleipner Riser) opened in October 2007. The official opening of the project was held in London on 16 October 2006 by then-Prime Minister Tony Blair and his Norwegian counterpart, Jens Stoltenberg.[7]
المسار
The pipeline runs 1,166 kilometres (725 mi) through the North Sea from the Nyhamna terminal in Norway via the Sleipner Riser platform in the بحر الشمال إلى Easington Gas Terminal في إنگلترة.[5][8] The pipeline is designated to bring natural gas from the Ormen Lange gas process terminal to the UK, but through the connector at Sleipner Riser it provides also an opportunity to send gas through Gassco's existing network to continental Europe.
الوصف التقني
The annual capacity of the Langeled pipeline is 25.5 billion cubic metres (900 billion cubic feet). That equates to some 20% of Britain's peak gas demand.[4] With the energy content of natural gas at 39 MJ (megajoules) per normal cubic meter, the capacity energy flux is 31.5 GW (gigawatts).
The Langeled pipeline supplements the Vesterled system with annual capacity about 12 bcm, which runs from Heimdal Riser platform in the North Sea to St. Fergus in Scotland.
The project cost £1.7 billion.[4]
Nyhamna-Sleipner Riser section
The Nyhamna-Sleipner Riser leg has a diameter of 1,067 millimetres (42.0 in) and can operate with a pressure of 250 bar.[9]
Hub at Sleipner Riser
At Sleipner Riser the Langeled has a connection to the existing Gassled transport system.
Sleipner Riser-Easington section
The Sleipner Riser-Easington leg has a diameter of 1,118 millimetres (44.0 in), which makes it the largest submarine pipeline in the North Sea.[9] Its pressure is 155 bar.
الملكية والتشغيل
The owner of the Langeled pipeline is Gassled. The operator for Langeled is Gassco and technical service provider is Statoil. Statoil also runs the gas export project.[9] The principal funding of the project was provided by the syndicated loan structured by ABN AMRO and mainly subscribed by several banks, among them Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland, and Defoe Fournier & Cie.
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ Moskwa, Wojciech (2007-09-13). "Norway's Ormen Lange gas starts flowing to Britain". Reuters. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ "Nord Stream Passes Ships and Bombs". The Moscow Times. Bloomberg. 2011-05-05. Retrieved 2011-09-10.
- ^ "UK signs Norway gas deal". BBC News. 2003-10-03. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
- ^ أ ب ت "Gas pipeline to begin operations". BBC. 2006-09-30. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ أ ب "Acergy Completes Langeled Ahead of Schedule". Downstream Today. 2006-10-03. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ "Langeled Pipeline to be Completed Below Budget". Downstream Today. 2006-08-23. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ Matthew Tempest; Hilary Osborne (2006-10-16). "Blair opens new gas pipeline". Guardian. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ Rita Tubb (2007-05-03). "Rust-proofing the World's Longest Subsea Pipeline". Downstream Today. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ أ ب ت "Statoil to Provide Technical Services to Langeled Pipeline System". Downstream Today. 2006-09-06. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
وصلات خارجية
