جزيرة آق‌دمر

Coordinates: 38°20′30″N 43°02′07″E / 38.341667°N 43.035278°E / 38.341667; 43.035278
Akdamar Island
الجغرافيا
الموقعLake Van
الإحداثيات38°20′30″N 43°02′07″E / 38.341667°N 43.035278°E / 38.341667; 43.035278
الإدارة

جزيرة آق‌دمر (تركية: Akdamar Adası؛ إنگليزية: Akdamar Island)، وتُعرف أيضاً بإسم آغ‌تمر[1][2] (بالأرمينية: Աղթամար)[3] أو آخ‌تمر[4][5] (بالأرمينية: Ախթամար)،[6][7] هي ثاني أكبر جزر أربع في بحيرة ڤان، في شرق تركيا. وتبلغ مساحتها نحو 0.7 كم²، وتقع على بعد 3 كم من شاطئ البحيرة. At the western end of the island a hard, grey, limestone cliff rises 80 m above the lake's level (1,912 m above sea level). The island declines to the east to a level site where a spring provides ample water. It is home to the 10th century Armenian Holy Cross Cathedral، التي كانت مقر كاثوليكوسية آغ‌تمر الرسولية الأرمنية من 1116 حتى 1895.

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أصل الكلمة

تمثال للأميرة تمارا تنتظر محبوبها، بالقرب من بحيرة سڤان، أرمنيا. التمثال من صنع المثـّال الأرمني-الأمريكي رفائل پتروسيان.

آق‌دمر (تعني "العرق الأبيض" بالتركية) هو الاسم الرسمي للجزيرة.


التاريخ

"Akthamar from Aghavank" an engraving c. 1860
General view of Akdamar Island in springtime.

During his reign, King Gagik I Artsruni (r. 908-943/944) of the Armenian Kingdom of Vaspurakan chose the island as one of his residences. He founded a settlement and erected a large square palace richly decorated with frescoes, built a dock noted for its complex hydrotechnical engineering, laid out streets, gardens, and orchards, and planted trees and designed areas of recreation for himself and his court.[8] The only surviving structure from that period is the Palatine Cathedral of the Holy Cross (بالأرمينية: Սուրբ Խաչ եկեղեցի Surb Khach yekeġetsi). It was built of pink volcanic tuff by the architect-monk Manuel during the years 915-921, with an interior measuring 14.80m × 11.5m and the dome reaching 20.40m above ground. In later centuries, and until 1915, it formed part of a monastic complex, the ruins of which can still be seen to the south of the church.


معرض صور

  • The church in 1890.

    The church in 1890.

  • The church in 1923.

    The church in 1923.

  • The church in 2013.

    The church in 2013.

  • An Armenian cross-stone (khachkar) dated 1434 (in a photo published in 1913)

    An Armenian cross-stone (khachkar) dated 1434 (in a photo published in 1913)

انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ de Waal, Thomas (2015). Great Catastrophe: Armenians and Turks in the Shadow of Genocide. Oxford University Press. p. 7. ISBN 9780199350698. The island of Aghtamar on the inland sea of Lake Van is home to one of the most famous of all Armenian churches, a tenth-century cathedral...
  2. ^ Adalian, Rouben Paul (2010). Historical Dictionary of Armenia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-8108-7450-3. AGHTAMAR. Island in Lake Van and location of one of the most important architectural monuments of medieval Armenia.
  3. ^ Avetisyan, Kamsar (1979). "Աղթամար". Հայրենագիտական Էտյուդներ [Notes on Armenian Studies] (in الأرمنية). Yerevan: Sovetakan grogh. p. 196. {{cite book}}: Check |authorlink1= value (help)
  4. ^ "Apricot and almond trees blossomed on Akhtamar Island of Lake Van". Armenpress. 12 April 2013.
  5. ^ Knight, Charles, ed. (1866). "Lake Van". Geography: Or, First Division of "The English Encyclopædia". London: Bradbury, Evans & Co. p. 519. There are some small islands in the lake, the principal of which is Akhtamar...
  6. ^ "Վերանորոգումից հետո Վանի Ախթամար եկեղեցու բացումը տեղի կունենա սեպտեմբերին" (in الأرمنية). Armenpress. 17 July 2006.
  7. ^ Tumanyan, Hovhannes (1891). "Ախթամար [Akhtamar]". toumanian.am (in الأرمنية). Hovhannes Tumanyan Museum.
  8. ^ (أرمنية) Harutyunyan, Varazdat. "Ճարտարապետություն" [Architecture]. History of the Armenian People. vol. iii. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1976, pp. 381-384.

للاستزادة

  • Sirarpie Der Nersessian, Aght'amar, Church of the Holy Cross (Cambridge, Mass., 1964).
  • Sirarpie Der Nersessian and H. Vahramian, Documents of Armenian Architecture, Vol. 8: Aght'amar (Milan, 1974).
  • J. G. DavieMedieval Armenian Art and Architecture: The Church of the Holy Cross, Aght'amarmar (London, 1991).
  • Mnatsakanian, Stepan; Rainer K. Lampinen (1986). Varteres Karagozian (ed.). Aghtamar. Finland: Editions Erebouni. قالب:LCC.
  • Lynn Jones, Between Islam and Byzantium: Aght'amar and the Visual Construction of Medieval Armenian Rulership (Aldershot, Ashgate, 2007).
  • Hewsen, Robert H. (2001). Armenia: A Historical Atlas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-33228-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Armenian Churches

الكلمات الدالة:
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