بحر آرال الشمالي

للمزيد من المعلومات: بحر آرال and بحر آرال الجنوبي

بحر آرال الشمالي North Aral Sea
1. خليج شڤچنكو، 2. خليج بوتاكوڤ، 3. خليج بولشوي ساري‌شيگاناك
آرال الشمالي آرال الشمالي
الموقع	قزخستان، آسيا الوسطى
الاحداثيات	46.5°N 60.7°E / 46.5; 60.7
النوع	حوض تجميعي، بحيرة طبيعية، خزان مائي
الاسم المحلي	Error {{native name}}: an IETF language tag as parameter {{{1}}} is required (help)
الموارد الرئيسية	سيحون (وسابقاً أيضاً جيحون)
بلدان الحوض	قزخستان
مساحة السطح	3,300 km2 (1,270 sq mi) (2008) 2,550 km2 (985 sq mi) (2003)
أقصى عمق	30 m (98 ft) (2003) 42 m (138 ft) (2008)
أراضي رامسار الرطبة
الاسم الرسمي	Lesser Aral Sea and Delta of the Syrdarya River
التوصيف	2 February 2012
الرقم المرجعي	2083

The North Aral Sea (بالقزخية: Солтүстік Арал теңізі, روسية: Северное Аральское море) is the portion of the former Aral Sea that is fed by the Syr Darya River. It split from the South Aral Sea in 1987–1988 as water levels dropped due to river diversion for agriculture.

In 1925 a large site containing numerous fossils of the Oligocene was discovered near the village of Akespe by the northern shore of the Aral Sea.

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 خلفية

The Aral Sea began shrinking in the 1960s, when the Soviet Union decided that the two rivers feeding it, the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, would be diverted to irrigate cotton and food crops in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. In 1987–1988, due to an accelerated loss of water, the Aral Sea split into northern and southern parts; the southern part is the current South Aral Sea.

After the fall of the Soviet Union, the government of independent Kazakhstan decided to restore the northern lake fed by Syr Darya. In 2003, the lake was 30 m (98 ft) in depth and 2,550 km² (985 sq mi) in area (JAXA source: 3,200 km² (1,240 sq mi)); by 2008 it had reached 42 m (138 ft) in depth and 3,300 km² (1,270 sq mi) in area (JAXA source: 3,600 km² (1,390 sq mi)).

The poorly built Dike Kokaral intended to contain the North Aral Sea and save its fisheries failed twice, but in 2005, the government of Kazakhstan was able to fund a more robust design. Since then, water levels have risen faster than expected and fish stocks have increased. Plans to build a second dike to increase water levels further were due to begin in 2010, but have so far not materialized. There is now an ongoing effort in Kazakhstan to save and replenish the North Aral Sea. As part of this effort, a dam project was completed in 2005; in 2008, the water level in this lake had risen by 12 m (39 ft) from its level in 2003. Salinity has dropped, and fish are again found in sufficient numbers for some fishing to be viable, especially mackerel introduced at the Syr Darya river delta, though attempts to introduce tuna in 2009 failed.

April 2005 and April 2006 comparisons.

Comparison of the North Aral Sea in 2000 and 2011.

 انظر أيضاً

• Barsuki Desert
• Water scarcity

 المراجع

• The Aral Sea: The Devastation and Partial Rehabilitation of a Great Lake. 22 November 2013. ISBN 9783642023569. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)

 وصلات خارجية

• Media related to بحر آرال الشمالي at Wikimedia Commons
• FIELD TRIP TO THE ARAL SEA September 2007
• Deserts of the North Aral Sea.