الناخر

الناخر
Grunts
Haemulon album.jpg
Haemulon album
التصنيف العلمي
مملكة:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Haemulidae
Genera

See text.

Synonyms

Pomadasyidae

النّاخر Haemulidae، من أسماك المحيط، هذه الأسماك تُصْدر صوتًا ناخرًا داخل الماء وخارجه من خلال طحن أسنانها وحنجرتها معًا. والناخر أسماك رشيقة، ذات أجسام عريضة وزعنفة في الظهر عالية. وتعيش أسماك الناخر في المياه الضحلة القريبة من الشواطئ، خاصة في سلاسل الصخور المرجانية، حيث تُشكل أسرابًا مائية كبيرة. والناخر أسماك جيدة سواء للغذاء أو رياضة الصيد.

والمارغيت أكبر سمكة ناخرة في غربي المحيط الأطلسي. وهي سمكة رمادية تنمو إلى أكثر من 60سم. وسمكة الخنزير نوع آخر من أسماك الناخر التي تعيش في المنطقة، ويتم اصطيادها للغذاء. ويكثر وجود أسماك الناخر الزرقاء المخططة في الشُعب المرجانية في جزر الهند الغربية. ومن أنواع الناخر المألوفة تلك التي يكثر وجودها في المحيطين الهندي والهادئ وتُعد مصدرًا مهمًّا للغذاء، وتُسمى أسماك الشفاه الحلوة الملونة.

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الأنواع

Genus

       Anisotremus
(Gill, 1861)
  • A. scapularis
    (Tschudi, 1846)
    - Ecuador, Chile
  • Burrito grunt
    A. interruptus
    (Gill, 1862)
    - USA, Peru, Galapagos Islands
  • Brownstriped grunt
    A. moricandi
    (Ranzani, 1842)
    - Brazil
  • Black margate
    A. surinamensis
    (Bloch, 1791)
    - USA, Bahamas, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil
  • Carruco sargo
    A. pacifici
    (Günther, 1864)
    - Mexico, Peru
  • Panama porkfish
    A. taeniatus
    (Gill, 1861)
    - Mexico, Peru
  • Porkfish
    A. virginicus
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
    - Bermuda, USA, Brazil, Mexico, Caribbean
  • Silvergrey grunt
    A. caesius
    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
    - Mexico, Peru
  • Spotted head sargo
    A. dovii
    (Günther, 1864)
    - USA, Peru
  • Xantic sargo
    A. davidsonii
    (Steindachner, 1876)
    - USA, Mexico


Genus

       Boridia
(Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830)
  • Bourriqueta porgy
    B. grossidens
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    Southwest Atlantic


Genus

       Brachydeuterus
(Gill, 1862)
  • Bigeye grunt
    B. auritus
    (Valenciennes, 1832)
    Morocco, Angola


Genus

       Conodon
(Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830)
  • Armed grunt
    C. serrifer
    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
    USA, Peru
  • Barred grunt
    C. nobilis
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
    - USA, Jamaica, Brazil, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Central and South America
  • Lemoneye grunt
    C. macrops
    (Hildebrand, 1946)
    - Colombia, Peru


Genus

       Diagramma
(Oken, 1817)
  • Blackfin slatey
    D. melanacrum
    (Johnson & Randall, 2001)
    - Indonesia, Borneo, Philippines
  • D. labiosum
    (Macleay, 1883)
    - Red Sea, East Africa, western Pacific
  • Painted sweetlips
    D. pictum
    (Thunberg, 1792)
    - Red Sea, East Africa, Japan, New Caledonia
  • D. punctatum
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Japan, ID, New Guinea, New Caledonia.


Genus

       Genyatremus
(Gill, 1862)
  • Torroto grunt
    G. luteus
    (Bloch, 1790)
    - Colombia, Brazil


Genus

       Haemulon
(Cuvier, 1829)
  • Black grunt
    H. bonariense
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Greater Antilles, Brazil
  • Bluestriped grunt
    H. sciurus
    (Shaw, 1803)
    - Florida, USA, Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean
  • Bronzestripe grunt
    H. boschmae
    (Metzelaar, 1919)
    - Colombia, French Guiana
  • Caesar grunt
    H. carbonarium

    (Poey, 1860)
    - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean
  • Chere-chere grunt
    H. steindachneri
    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
    - Panama, Brazil, Mexico, Peru
  • Cottonwick grunt
    H. melanurum
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
    - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Brazil
  • French grunt
    H. flavolineatum
    (Desmarest, 1823)
    - Bermuda, USA, of Mexico, Brazil, W. Indies, Central America
  • Grey grunt
    H. scudderii
    (Gill, 1862)
    - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands
  • Greybar grunt
    H. sexfasciatum
    (Gill, 1862)
    - USA, Panama
  • Grunt
    H. plumierii
    (Lacepède, 1801)
    - USA, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil, Antilles
  • H. schrankii
    (Agassiz, 1831)
    - Brazil
  • H. serrula
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Martinique Island
  • H. squamipinna
    (Rocha & Rosa, 1999)
    - Brazil
  • Sailor's grunt
    H. parra
    (Desmarest, 1823)
    - Bahamas, USA, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil
  • Smallmouth grunt
    H. chrysargyreum
    (Günther, 1859)
    - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil
  • Spanish grunt
    H. macrostomum
    (Günther, 1859)
    - USA, Antilles, Brazil
  • Spottail grunt
    H. maculicauda
    (Gill, 1862)
    - USA, Mexico, Colombia
  • Striped grunt
    H. striatum
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
    - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean, Antilles
  • Tomtate grunt
    H. aurolineatum
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - USA, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil
  • White margate
    H. album
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - USA, Bermuda, Bahamas, Brazil, W. Indies
  • Yellowspotted grunt
    H. flaviguttatum
    (Gill, 1862)
    - Mexico, Ecuador


Genus

       Haemulopsis
(Steindachner, 1869)
  • Elongate grunt
    H. elongatus
    (Steindachner, 1879)
    - Mexico, Panama
  • Shining grunt
    H. nitidus
    (Steindachner, 1869)
    - Gulf of California, Peru
  • White grunt
    H. leuciscus
    (Günther, 1864)
    - Gulf of California to Peru
  • Yellowstripe grunt
    H. axillaris
    (Steindachner, 1869)
    - Mexico to Ecuador


Genus

       Isacia
(Jordan and Fesler, 1893)
  • Cabinza grunt
    I. conceptionis
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Peru, Chile, Nicaragua


Genus

       Microlepidotus
(Gill, 1862)
  • Humpback grunt
    M. brevipinnis
    (Steindachner, 1869)
    - USA, Panama
  • Wavyline grunt
    M. inornatus
    (Gill, 1862)
    - Mexico, USA


Genus

       Orthopristis
(Girard, 1858)
  • Sheephead grunt
    O. cantharinus
    (Jenyns, 1840)
    - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands
  • Brassy grunt
    O. chalceus
    (Günther, 1864)
    - Mexico, Panama, Galapagos Islands
  • Pigfish
    O. chrysoptera
    (Linnaeus, 1766)
    - USA, Bermuda, Mexico
  • O. forbesi
    (Jordan & Starks, 1897)
    - Galapagos Islands
  • Scalyfin grunt
    O. lethopristis
    (Jordan & Fesler, 1889)
    - Galapagos Islands
  • Corocoro cubano
    O. poeyi
    (Scudder, 1868)
    - Cuba
  • Bronze-striped grunt
    O. reddingi
    (Jordan & Richardson, 1895)
    - Gulf of California
  • Corocoro grunt
    O. ruber
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Honduras, Brazil


Genus

       Parakuhlia
(Pellegrin, 1913)
  • Dara
    P. macrophthalmus
    (Osório, 1893)
    - Senegal, Angola


Genus

       Parapristipoma
(Bleeker, 1873)
  • Guinean grunt
    P. humile

    (Bowdich, 1825)
    - Distribution is difficult to establish because this species is often confused with Parapristipoma octolineatum
  • P. macrops
    (Pellegrin, 1912)
    - Spain, Portugal, Angola, Mediterranean
  • African striped grunt
    P. octolineatum
    (Valenciennes, 1833)
    - Angola
  • Chicken grunt
    P. trilineatum
    (Thunberg, 1793)
    - Japan, East China Sea, Taiwan


 

 

Genus

       Plectorhinchus
(Lacepède, 1801)
  • Barred rubberlip
    P. plagiodesmus
    (Fowler, 1935)
  • Biglip grunt
    P. macrolepis
    (Boulenger, 1899)
    - Senegal, Angola
  • Blackspotted rubberlip
    P. gaterinus
    (Forsskål, 1775)
    - Red Sea, S Africa, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoro I.
  • Bronzestriped grunt
    P. taeniatus
    (McKay & Randall, 1995)
    - Arabian Peninsula
  • Celebes sweetlips
    P. celebicus
    (Bleeker, 1873)
    - Moluccas, Papua New Guinea, Ryukyu Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Micronesia
  • Crescent sweetlips
    P. cinctus
    (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
    - Arabian Sea, Japan
  • Dusky rubberlip
    P. chubbi
    (Regan, 1919)
    Somalia, Kenya, India, S Africa, ID.
  • Giant sweetlips
    P. obscurus
    (Günther, 1872)
  • Harlequin sweetlips
    P. chaetodonoides
    (Lacepède, 1801)
    - Maldives, Cocos Islands, Sumatra, Fiji, New Caledonia, Ryukyu I., Rowley Shoals
  • Harry hotlips
    P. gibbosus
    (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853)
  • Indian Ocean Oriental Sweetlips
    P. vittatus
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Lesson's thicklip
    P. lessonii
    (Cuvier, 1830)
  • Lemon sweetlip
    P. flavomaculatus
    (Cuvier, 1830)
  • Lined grunt
    P. punctulatus
    (Rüppell, 1838)
    - Red Sea, Gulf of Oman
  • Lined sweetlips
    P. gaterinoides
    (Smith, 1962)
  • Many-lined sweetlips
    P. multivittatus
    (Macleay, 1878)
  • Minstrel sweetlip
    P. schotaf
    (Forsskål, 1775)
  • Oriental sweetlips
    P. orientalis
    (Bloch, 1793)
    - E Africa, Samoa, Japan, New Caledonia, Palau, Micronesia
  • P. faetela
    (Forsskål, 1775)
  • P. harrawayi
    (Smith, 1952)
  • P. macrospilus
    (Satapoomin & Randall, 2000)
  • P. nigrus
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Indo-Pacific
  • P. trifasciatus
    (Fowler, 1937)
    - Australia, Thailand, Papua New Guinea
  • P. umbrinus
    (Klunzinger, 1870)
  • P. punctatissimus
    (Playfair, 1868)
  • P. unicolor
    (Macleay, 1883)
  • Painted Sweetlip
    P. picus
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Seychelles, Japan
  • Parrot grunt
    P. perotaei
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Mauritania, Angola
  • Pigsnout grunt
    P. rogerii
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Mauritania, Angola
  • Red patched grunter
    P. unimaculatus
    (Tian, 1982)
    - China, Malaysia
  • Ribboned sweetlips
    P. polytaenia
    (Bleeker, 1852)
  • Rubberlip grunt
    P. mediterraneus
    (Guichenot, 1850)
    - Spain, Portugal, Namibia, Mediterranean Sea, Canary I.
  • Sordid rubberlip
    P. sordidus
    (Klunzinger, 1870)
  • Sri Lanka sweetlips
    P. ceylonensis
    (Smith, 1956)
    - Sri Lanka
  • Striped grunter
    P. striatus
    (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)
    - Mozambique, S Africa, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez
  • Striped sweetlips
    P. diagrammus
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Trout sweetlips
    P. pictus
    (Tortonese, 1936)
    - Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka, China
  • Two-striped sweetlips
    P. albovittatus
    (Rüppell, 1838)
    - Red Sea, Celebes, Taiwan, Tonga, Mozambique
  • Whitebarred rubberlip
    P. playfairi
    (Pellegrin, 1914)
  • Yellowbanded sweetlips
    P. lineatus
    (Linnaeus, 1758)
    - Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia
  • Yellow-lined grunter
    P. quadrilineatus
    (Shen & Lin, 1984)
    - China, Japan
  • Yellow-striped sweetlips
    P. chrysotaenia
    (Bleeker, 1855)
    - Singapore, Philippines, Solomon I., Ryukyu I, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia
  • Zebra sweetlip
    P. paulayi
    (Steindachner, 1895)


Genus

       Pomadasys
(Lacepède, 1802)
  • Banded grunter
    P. furcatus
    (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
    - Somalia, Mozambique, Madagascar, S Africa, Sri Lanka, Red Sea, Indonesia
  • Bastard grunt
    P. incisus
    (Bowdich, 1825)
    - Strait of Gibraltar, Angola
  • Bigspine grunt
    P. empherus
    (Bussing, 1993)
    - Costa Rica
  • Bluecheek silver grunt
    P. argyreus
    (Valenciennes, 1833)
    - Pakistan, Sri Lanka, SE Asia
  • Burro Grunt
    P. crocro
  • Cock grunter
    P. multimaculatum
    (Playfair, 1867)
    - Africa, Australia
  • Javelin grunter
    P. kaakan
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Red Sea, Africa, SE Asia, Taiwan, Australia
  • Longhead grunt
    P. auritus
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - China, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia
  • Longspine grunt
    P. macracanthus
    (Günther, 1864)
    - Mexico, Ecuador
  • Manylined grunter
    P. laurentino
    (Smith, 1953)
    - Mozambique
  • Olive grunt
    P. olivaceus
    (Day, 1875)
    - Namibia, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Malaysia
  • Panama grunt
    P. panamensis
    (Steindachner, 1876)
    - Gulf of California, Peru
  • P. guoraca
    (Cuvier, 1829)
    - Africa, Philippines
  • P. hasta
    (Bloch, 1790)
    - Indo-West Pacific
  • Purplemouth grunt
    P. bayanus
    (Jordan & Evermann, 1898)
    - USA, Mexico, Peru
  • Roughneck grunt
    P. corvinaeformis
    (Steindachner, 1868)
    - Mexico, Caribbean, Antilles, Brazil
  • Saddle grunt
    P. maculatus
    (Bloch, 1793)
    - Indian Ocean, China, Australia
  • Sand grunt
    P. branickii
    (Steindachner, 1879)
    - Mexico, Peru
  • Silver grunt
    P. argenteus
    (Forsskål, 1775)
    - Red Sea, Philippines, Persian Gulf, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia
  • Smallspotted grunter
    P. commersonnii
    (Lacepède, 1801)
    - India, Oman, S Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar
  • Sompat grunt
    P. jubelini
    (Cuvier, 1830)
    - Mauritania, Angola
  • Yellowback grunt
    P. aheneus
    (McKay & Randall, 1995)
    - Oman


Genus

       Xenichthys
(Gill, 1863)
  • X. agassizii
  • X. rupestris
  • Longfin salema
    X. xanti


Genus

       Xenistius
(Jordan and Gilbert, 1883)
  • Californian salema
    X. californiensis
  • X. peruanus


Genus

       Xenocys
(Jordan and Bollman, 1890)
  • X. jessiae


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