المحافظة الوسطى، سريلانكا

Central Province

මධ්‍යම පළාත
மத்திய மாகாணம்
Central Province මධ්‍යම පළාත; மத்திய மாகாணம்
Province
	Kandy (capital city of the province)
	Flag
	Location within Sri Lanka
	الإحداثيات: 7°20′N 80°45′E / 7.333°N 80.750°E
Country	Sri Lanka
Created	1833
Admitted	14 November 1987
Capital	Kandy
Largest City	Kandy
Major Cities	قائمة Matale ; Nuwara Eliya;
Districts	قائمة Kandy; Matale; Nuwara Eliya;
الحكومة
• النوع	Provincial council
• الكيان	Central Provincial Council
• Governor	Lalith U Gamage
المساحة
• الإجمالي	5٬674 كم² (2٬191 ميل²)
ترتيب المساحة	6th (8.63% of total area)
التعداد (2011 census)
• الإجمالي	2٬558٬716
• الترتيب	2nd (12.97% of total pop.)
• الكثافة	450/km2 (1٬200/sq mi)
Gross Regional Product (2010)
• Total	Rs 465 billion
• Rank	4th (9.6% of total)
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+05:30 (Sri Lanka)
ISO 3166 code	LK-2
لوحة السيارة	CP
Official languages	Sinhalese, Tamil
Flower	Rhododendron arboreum
الموقع الإلكتروني	www.cp.gov.lk

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The Central Province (بالسنهالية: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, بالتاميل: மத்திய மாகாணம் Madhdhiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. (The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils.^[3]^[4]) The Central Province is primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is the 6th largest province by area and is home to 2.5 million people. It is bordered by North Central Province to the north, Uva Province to the east, North Western Province to the west and Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west. The province's capital is Kandy.

The cities of Matale and Nuwara Eliya are in the Central Province. The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, planted by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all the coffee plantations in the province. The Central Province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya.

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History

Though three successive European powers invaded Sri Lanka during the 16th to the 19th century, the Central Province maintained its independence until the early 19th century when the British conquered Kandy. The British then established a colonial headman ranking system in 1824, which came into effect in 1832.

Colonial head mudaliyars

Sir Christofel de-Silva (1824–1842)
Don William Gunawardene De-Saram III (1842–1856)
Sir Hendrick Ekanayake (1856–1860)
Sir Alexander-James Divakara Mohotti (1860–1888)
Don Agaris Divakara Mohotti (1888–1924)

The Mudaliyar Office was abolished in 1924 and the last of the colonial headman retired from their positions and gave up the rule to the British officers in 1926. All headman positions were then passed down to the newly elected governor-general of Central Province. This was established in 1929 as a way for the British to directly rule the provinces.

The historic Matale, Temple of the Tooth, Dambulla cave temple, Aluwihare temple and the Sigiriya rock are in the Central Province.

Geography

The province has an area of 5,674 km² and a population of 2,421,148. Major towns include Kandy (119,186), Matale (39,869), Dambulla (75,290), Gampola (26,481), Nuwara Eliya (27,449) and Hatton (16,790).

Mountain ranges

Knuckles Mountain Range, Adam's Peak and Horton Plains are UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the Central Province.

Climate

The climate is cool, and many areas above 1,500 metres often have chilly nights. The western slopes are very wet, some places have almost 7,000 mm of rain per year. The eastern slopes are parts of the mid-dry zone as it is receiving rain only from North-Eastern monsoon. The temperatures range from 24 °C at Kandy to just 16 °C in Nuwara Eliya, which is 1,889 m above sea level. The highest mountains in Sri Lanka are in the Central Province. The terrain is mostly mountainous, with deep valleys cutting into it. The two main mountain regions are the central massif and the Knuckles range to the east of Kandy.

Demographics

The population is a mixture of Sinhalese, Tamil and the Moors. Many tea plantation workers are Indian Tamils, brought over to Sri Lanka by the British in the 19th century.

Ethnicity

Ethnic group	Population	%
Sinhalese	1,584,100	65.35%
Indian Tamils	482,945	19.92%
Sri Lankan Moors	223,076	9.2%
Sri Lankan Tamils	122,438	5.05%
Burghers	3,589	0.15%
Others	7,818	0.32%
Total	2,423,966	100.00%

Religion

As per the 2012 Sri Lankan census, there were 16,72,625 Buddhists, 5,40,339 Hindus, 2,63,874 Muslims, 94,402 Christians and 317 people following other faiths in the Central Province.

Religion in Central Province, Sri Lanka (2012 Census)

Buddhism (65.04%)

Hinduism (21.01%)

Islam (10.26%)

Christianity (3.67%)

Others (0.01%)

Administrative divisions

Central Province is divided into three districts and 36 divisional secretariats.

Districts

Administrative Divisions of Central Province
district	Capital	Area (km²)	Population
Kandy District	Kandy	1,940	1,279,028
Matale District	Matale	1,993	441,328
Nuwara Eliya District	Nuwara Eliya	1,741	703,610

Divisional secretariats

The districts of the Sri Lanka are divided into administrative sub-units known as divisional secretariats. These were originally based on the feudal counties, the korales and ratas. They were formerly known as 'D.R.O. Divisions' after the 'Divisional Revenue Officer'. Later the D.R.O.s became 'Assistant Government Agents' and the Divisions were known as 'A.G.A. Divisions'. Currently, the divisions are administered by a 'Divisional Secretary' and are known as a 'D.S. Divisions'.

There are 36 divisional secretariats in Central Province, which are listed below, by district. There are 20 in Kandy District, 11 in Matale District and 5 in Nuwara Eliya District.

Major population centres

v t e أكبر المدن أو البلدات في Central Province,Sri Lanka As per the 2012 Census^[5]^[6]
	Rank		District	Pop.
Kandy Matale	1	Kandy	Kandy	125,182	Gampola Nuwara Eliya
	2	Matale	Matale	48,225
	3	Gampola	Kandy	37,871
	4	Nuwara Eliya	Nuwara Eliya	35,081
	5	Dambulla	Matale	26,000
	6	Hatton	Nuwara Eliya	14,585
	7	Nawalapitiya	Kandy	13,338
	8	Kadugannawa	kandy	12,654
	9	Wattegama	Kandy	8,157
	10	Talawakele	Nuwara Eliya	4,691