الصليب الوردي
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الديانة الهرمسية الأساطير Hermetica ثلاث أجزاء من حكمة الكون الشامل الحركات الهرمسية Orders مواضيع في الهرمسية |
الصليب الوردي Rosicrucianism، هي جمعية سرية فلسفية يقال[1] يقال أنها تأسست في ألمانيا في العصور الوسطى على يد كريستيان روسنكروز. تتبنى مذهب أو لاهت "مبنية على حقائق باطنية من الماضي القديم"، والتي، "تخفى عن الشخص العادي، تعطي نظرة ثاقبة للطبية، الكون المادي والعالم الروحي".[2] يرمز لها بالصليب الوردي.
بين 1607 و1616، نُشرت بيانين مجهولين، الأول في ألمانيا والثاني في أوروپا.[3] حمل هذين المنشورين عنوان Fama Fraternitatis RC (شهرة أخوية الصليب الوردي) وConfessio Fraternitatis (صليب أخوية الصليب الوردي). تأثير هذين المنشورين، يمثل "النظام الجدير بالذكر" للحكماء الفلاسفة الأسطوريين ويدعو إلى "إصلاح عالمي للجنس البشري"، مثير الحماسة لما دعا إليه المؤرخ فرانسيس ياتس "تنوير الصليب الوردي".[4]
عارض بياني الصليب الوردي الكاثوليكية الرومانية وإشارتها للدوگما على الطريقة التجريبية، بشكل مشابه للنصوص التي كتبها المصلح الپروتستنتي مارتن لوثر. تتبعت فلسفتهم وعلومهم أثر الموريون، مؤكدة أنها بقت سراً لمدة 120 عام حتى تلقاها المناخ الفكري.[بحاجة لمصدر]
فلاسفة القرن السابع عشر الغامضين مثل مايكل مايير، روبرت فلود وتوماس ڤوگان شغلوا أنفسهم بآراء عالم الصليب الوردي.[4] حسب المؤرخ ديڤد ستڤنسون كان لها أيضاً تأثير على الماسونية عندما نشأت في اسكتلندا.[1] في القرون الأخيرة، زعمت الكثير من الجمعيات الروحانية أنها استخلصت مذاهبها، كلياً أو جزئياً، من أتباع الصليب الوردي الأصليين. تأسست عدة جمعيات حديثة لدراسة جمعية الصليب الوردي والكيانات التابعة لها.
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الأصول
نقد
تنوير الصليب الأحمر
دجات الصليب الوردي في الماسونية
الجماعات المعاصرة
قائمة تأريخية للجماعات التي تأسست لدراسة الصليب الوردي
انظر ايضاً
المصادر
الهوامش
- ^ أ ب "The Catholic Historical Review, Vol. 5, No. 2/3 (Jul. - Oct., 1919), pp. 265-270 by Joseph A. Murray; Review of New England and the Bavarian Illuminati by Vernon Stauffer; Vol. LXXXII of Studies in History, Economics and Public Law by The Faculty of Political Science; Columbia University Press (1918)" (PDF). Catholic University of America Press. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
- ^ Lindgren, Carl Edwin, The way of the Rose Cross; A Historical Perception, 1614–1620. Journal of Religion and Psychical Research, Volume 18, Number 3:141–48. 1995.
- ^ Philalethes, Eugenius (1997). Fame and Confession of the Fraternity of the Rosy Cross. City: Kessinger Publishing. p. 9ff. ISBN 1-56459-257-X.
- ^ أ ب Yates, Frances A. (1972), The Rosicrucian Enlightenment, London
المراجع
كتابات قديمة
- Among the treasures of the Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica in Amsterdam are books on the Gnosis and the Corpus Hermeticum as published in Florence in 1471.
- The University of Wisconsin–Madison Digital Collections Center has a digital edition of the Geheime Figuren der Rosenkreuzer, aus dem 16ten und 17ten Jahrhundert (1785–1788).
منشورات
- Bayard, Jean-Pierre (1986) Les Rose-Croix M. A. Éditions, Paris, ISBN 2-86676-229-0, in French
- Bayard, Jean-Pierre (1990) La Spiritualité de la Rose-Croix: Histoire, Tradition et Valeur Initiatique Dangles, Saint-Jean-de-Braye, France, ISBN 2-7033-0353-X, in French
- Bernard, Christian (2001) Rosicrucian Order AMORC: Questions and Answers Grand Lodge of the English Language Jurisdiction, AMORC, San Jose, California, ISBN 978-1-893971-02-8; based upon the earlier versions by Harve Spencer Lewis 1929 and following, and Heindel, Max (1910) 'The Rosicrucian philosophy in questions and answers M.A. Donohue & Company, Chicago, OCLC 67395149
- Clymer, R. Swinburne (1916) The Rose Cross order: a short sketch of the history of the Rose Cross order in America, together with a sketch of the life of Dr. P. B. Randolph, the founder of the order Philosophical Publishing Company, Allentown, Pennsylvania, OCLC 6671066
- Churton, Tobias (2009) The Invisible History of the Rosicrucians: The World's Most Mysterious Secret Society Inner Traditions, Rochester, Vermont, ISBN 978-1-59477-255-9
- Dietzfelbinger, K. (2005) Rosicrucians through the ages (translation of Dietzfelbinger, K. (1998) Rozenkruisers toen en nu Rozekruis Pers, Haarlem, Netherlands, ISBN 90-6732-199-0) Rozekruis Pers, Haarlem, Netherlands, ISBN 90-6732-323-3
- Edighoffer, Roland (1982) Rose-Croix et Société Idéale selon Johann Valentin Andreae (volume 1) Arma Artis, Neuilly-sur-Seine, OCLC 39787480, in French
- Edighoffer, Roland (1987) Rose-Croix et Société Idéale selon Johann Valentin Andreae (volume 2) Arma Artis, Neuilly-sur-Seine, OCLC 311787409, in French
- Frietsch, Wolfram (1999) Die Geheimnisse der Rosenkreuzer Rowohlt, Reinbeck bei Hamburg, ISBN 3-499-60495-7, in German
- Gorceix, Bernard (1970) La Bible des Rose-Croix: traduction et commentaire des trois premiers écrits rosicruciens (1614–1615–1616) PUF, Paris, OCLC 64751560, in French
- Hall, Manly Palmer (1929) "Chapter 19: Rosicrucian and Masonic Origins" Lectures on Ancient Philosophy: An Introduction to the Study and Application of Rational Procedure Hall Publishing Company, Los Angeles, OCLC 2028728; full text from The Mystic Light
- Hall, Manly Palmer (1928) The Secret Teachings of All Ages: An Encyclopedic Outline of Masonic, Hermetic, Quabbalistic and Rosictucian Symbolical PhilosophyPhilosophical Research Society, Los Angeles, OCLC 1358719; see full text from The Internet Sacred Text Archive
- Heindel, Max (1909) The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception or Christian Occult Science, An Elementary Treatise Upon Man's Past Evolution, Present Constitution and Future Development Independent Book Company, Chicago, OCLC 7466633; full text of updated version entitled 'The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception or Mystic Christianity, An Elementary Treatise Upon Man's Past Evolution, Present Constitution and Future Development from The Rosicrucian Fellowship
- Jennings, Hargrave (1870) The Rosicrucians: Their Rites and Mysteries John Camden Hotten, London, OCLC 301465719; reprinted in 1976 by Arno Press, New York, ISBN 0-405-07957-5
- Lindgren, Carl Edwin as “Neophyte” (1996) Spiritual Alchemists: Rosicrucians, the Brotherhood of Light Ars Latomorum Publications, New Orleans, Louisiana, ISBN 1-885591-18-7
- Lindgren, Carl Edwin The Rose Cross Order: A Historical and Philosophical View full text from Professor Lindgren’s web site
- Macedo, António de (2000) Instruções Iniciáticas – Ensaios Espirituais (2nd edition) Hughin Editores, Lisbon; see partial view from Hughin Editores, in Portuguese
- Matthews, John (1999) The Rosicrucian Enlightenment Revisited Lindisfarne Books, Hudson, New York, ISBN 0-940262-84-3
- McIntosh, Christopher (1992) The Rose Cross and the Age of Reason: Eighteenth-century Rosicrucianism in Central Europe and its relationship to the Enlightenment, E.J. Brill, New York, ISBN 90-04-09502-0
- Palou, Jean (1964) La franc-Maçonnerie (The French Masons) Payot, Paris, OCLC 417482551, in French
- Pincus-Witten, Robert (1976) Occult Symbolism in France: Joséphin Péladan and the Salons de la Rose-Croix Garland Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-8240-2003-0
- Rebisse, Christian (2005) Rosicrucian History and Mysteries (translation of Rebisse, Christian (2003) Rose-croix histoire et mysteres) Supreme Grand Lodge of AMORC, San Jose, California, ISBN 1-893971-05-8
- Silberer, Herbert (1917) Problems of mysticism and its symbolism (translation of Silberer, Herbert (1914) Probleme der mystik und ihrer symbolik Heller, Vienna, OCLC 4943853) Moffat, Yard and Company, New York, OCLC 538149; reprinted in 1970 by S. Weiser, New York, ISBN 0-87728-038-X
- Steiner, Rudolf (1984) Esoteric Christianity and the Mission of Christian Rosenkreutz: Thirteen lectures given in various European cities in the years 1911 and 1912 (a partial translation of Steiner, Rudolf (1962) Das esoterische Christentum und die geistige Führung der Menschheit: dreiundzwanzig Vorträge, gehalten in den Jahr. 1911 und 1912 in verschiedenen Städten Verlag der Rudolf Steiner-Nachlassverwaltung, Dornach, Switzerland) Rudolf Steiner Press, London, OCLC 264715257; see full text from the Rudolf Steiner Archive
- Steiner, Rudolf (1965) Rosicrucianism and Modern Initiation: Mystery Centres of the Middle Ages: Six lectures given in Dornach, 4–13 January 1924 (translation of Steiner, Rudolf (1950) Mepterienstätte des Mittelalters: Rosenkreuzertum und Modernes Einweihungsprinzip, printed as volume two of The Mission of Christian Rozenkreuz) R. Steiner, London, OCLC 7209265; see full text from the Rudolf Steiner Archive
- Waite, Arthur Edward (1887) The Real History of the Rosicrucians G. Redway, London OCLC 7080058; reprinted in 1960 by Society of Metaphysicians, Hastings, England, ISBN 1-85228-705-5; reprinted in 2000 by Garber Communications, Blauvelt, New York, ISBN 0-89345-018-9; see full text from The Internet Sacred Text Archive
- Waite, Arthur Edward (1916–1918) Complete Rosicrucian Initiations of the Fellowship of the Rosy Cross ; reprinted in 2005 ISBN 978-0-9735931-7-4 and 2007 ISBN 978-0-9783883-4-8 by Ishtar Publishing, Burnaby, British Columbia; renamed in 2008 Rosicrucian Rites and Ceremonies of the Fellowship of the Rosy Cross by Founder of the Holy Order of the Golden Dawn Arthur Edward Waite ISBN 978-0-9783883-4-8 book description from Ishtar Publishing
- Westcott, William Wynn (1885) Rosicrucian Thoughts on the Ever-Burning Lamps of the Ancients (pamphlet) G. Kenning, London; reprinted in 1979 by David Medina, London, ISBN 0-9505859-2-0; see full text from The Alchemy Web Site
- Williamson, Benedict J. (editor) (2002) The Rosicrucian Manuscripts Invisible College Press, Arlington, Virginia, ISBN 1-931468-12-5
- Yates, Frances (1972) The Rosicrucian Enlightenment Routledge, London, ISBN 0-7100-7380-1; reprinted in 2002 by Routledge, New York, ISBN 0-415-26769-2
مقالات
- Alexandre David, Fama Fraternitatis – Introduction www
- Corinne Heline, The Seven Jewels and the Seven Stages of Initiation www
- Prinke, Rafal T. Michael Sendivogius and Christian Rosenkreutz, The Unexpected Possibilities, The Hermetic Journal, 1990, 72-98 [1]
أدب خيالي
- St. Leon: A Tale of the Sixteenth Century by William Godwin, 1799
- St. Irvyne; or, The Rosicrucian by Percy Bysshe Shelley, 1811, London, John Joseph Stockdale
- Wolfstein; or, The Mysterious Bandit by Percy Bysshe Shelley, circa 1815, J. Bailey, London, a chapbook reduction of St. Irvyne
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Zanoni: A Rosicrucian Tale (1842), www
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Vril: The Power of the Coming Race (1870) www
- Franz Hartmann, With the Adepts: An Adventure Among the Rosicrucians (1910) www
- Hermann Hesse, Journey to the East (1932, also "Journey to the Land of the Morning/of the Tomorrow" (Die Morgenlandfahrt))
- Hermann Hesse, The Glass Bead Game (1943), also known as "Magister Ludi" (Master of the Game)
- Prentiss Tucker, In the Land of the Living Dead: an Occult Story (1929) www
- Antal Szerb, "The Pendragon Legend" (1934) (Translated by Len Rix).
أدب المؤامرة
- Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln, Holy Blood, Holy Grail (1982), advanced a pseudohistorical relation of Rosicrucianism with a secret society called Priory of Sion.
- Umberto Eco, Foucault's Pendulum (1988), Serendipities: Language and Lunacy (1998).
- Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code (2003), follows the Holy Blood, Holy Grail's conspiracy theories line.
- Dan Brown, The Lost Symbol (2009)
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وصلات خارجية
- Accessible magazine (2006): The Portugal Code: the Knights Templar, the Rosicrucian Order and the Holy Grail
- Alchemy Web Site (The): Rosicrucianism
- Catholic Encyclopedia: Rosicrucians
- CESNUR: 2005 International Conference – Spiritual filiation or doctrinal conflicts in modern Rosicrucian movements
- Orthodox America: The Rosicrucians
- Reverse Spins: The Mysterious Rosicrucian...
- Rosie: Speculum Sophicum Rhodo-Stauroticum
- Straight Dope (The): What is Rosicrucianism all about?
- textfiles.com – Occult (The): Rosicrucianism
- Secret Symbols of the Rosicrucians in hi-rez full color
- Harvey Spencer Lewis, Rosicrucian Credo in Rosicrucian Digest January 1932
- Michael Sendivogius and Christian Rosenkreutz, The Unexpected Possibilities, The Hermetic Journal, 1990, 72-98, online