أندلسيون

أندلسيون
Andaluz

مشاهير الأندلسيين: پيكاسو، دييگو ڤـِلازكويز، Vicente Yáñez Pinzón وأنتونيو بانديراس
التعداد الإجمالي
(الأندلسيون 17.5 مليون (إحصاء))
المناطق ذات التواجد المعتبر
إسپانيا: منطقة الأندلس: 6,832,933 (2006) كتالونيا: 754,174 (2006) مدريد: 285,164 (2006) بلنسية: 218,440 (2006) إقليم الباسك: 46,441 (1991) جزر البليار: 71,940 (1991) مرسية: 36,278 (1991) Rest of Spain: 162,333 (1991) البرازيل: 923,775 (2006) فرنسا: 31,516 (2006) كوبا: 23,185 (2006) ألمانيا: 22,784 (2006) پورتو ريكو: 15,253 (2006) الأرجنتين: 20,385 (2006) باقي أنحاء العالم: 50,000 (احصاء)
اللغات
الإسپانية (إسپانية أندلسية)
الديانة
رومانية كاثوليكية

الأندلسيون هم مجموعة عرقية تركزت في الأندلس في أسبانيا. عموما لا يعتبروا قومية متميزة عرقيا لأنهم يفتقرون إلى اثنين من أهم العلامات المميزة لفردية العرقية وهما: لغة مميزة واصل واحد مشترك. والجدير بالذكر أن اللهجة الأندلسية لها ميزاتها الخاصة. والثقافة الأندلسية غنية وتتضمن أسلوب الفلامنكو في الموسيقى والرقص. ولدى الأندلسيون حكما ذاتيا.

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 الموقع الجغرافي والسكان

يعيش أغلب الأندلسيون في ثمان مقاطعات جنوبي إسبانيا وهي: الميريا، قادس، قرطبة، غرناطة، هويلفا، جاين، ملقا وإشبيلية. وجميعهم يتبعون منطقة الأندلس ذات الحكم الذاتي. في 2006 م سجل عدد سكان هذة المنطقة بـ7,849,799 نسمة. ونسبة نمو عدد السكان فيها أقل من أي مكان آخر في إسبانيا بين عامي 1951م وحتى 1975م هاجر 1،7 مليون أندلسي إلى أماكن أخرى في إسبانيا. مما يمثل 24% من عدد سكان الأندلس. معظمهم ذهبوا إلى كاطلون 989,256 نسمة و 330،479 نسمة إلى مدريد والبقية إلى فالنسيا والباسك.

وبسبب الأوضاع الاقتصادية، هاجر 700،000 اندلسي إلى الخارج وأكثريتهم من غرناطة، جيان وقرطبm وكانت أعمارهم بين الـ15 و 44 سنة. والأكثرية توجهت إلى فرنسا، ألمانيا الغربية وسويسرا.

 مشاهير الأندلسيين

 قادة وسياسيون

• Arganthonios (630 ق.م– 550 ق.م), king of Tartessos.
• تراجان (53–117)، إمبراطور روما.
• هادريان (76–138)، إمبراطور روما.
• ثيودوسيوس الأول (347–395)، إمبراطور روما.
• عبد الرحمن الثالث (889–961)، أمير وأول خليفة لقرطبة.
• فرديناند الرابع من قشتالة (1285–1312)، ملك قشتالة.
• هنري الثاني (1334–1379)، ملك قشتالة.
• Beltrán de la Cueva (1443–1492)، نبيل، يفترض أنه حبيب جين الأولى من البرتغال ووالد جوانا من بلترانخا.
• أبو عبد الله محمد الثاني عشر (1460–1533)، أمير غرناطة.
• أنطونيو ده مندوزا (1495–1552)، أول نائب ملك لإسپانيا الجديدة.
• پدرو مويا ده كونتريراس (1528–1591)، نائب ملك إسپانيا الجديدة.
• Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Leiva (1585–1654), viceroy of Peruپدرو ألبارز من طليلطة]].
• لويزا ده گوزمان (1616–1666)، ملكة البرتغال بعد زواجها.
• وماس مارين گونازالز ده پوبدا (1650–1703)، سياسي وحاكم تشيلي.
• پدرو أنطونيو ده كابالوس (1715–1778)، نائب ملك ريو ده لا پلاتا.
• لويز ده اونزاگا (1721-1790)، قائد عسكري، أول حاكم للويزيانا.
• ماري أنطوانيت(1729–1785)، ملكة سردينيا بعد زواجها.
• Pedro Jiménez de Góngora، كاتب وسفير للملكة المتحدة.*
• Bernardo de Gálvez (1746–1786)، حاكم كوبا ولويزيانا.
• Francisco Javier Venegas (1760–1838)، نائب ملك إسپانيا الجديدة.
• Javier de Burgos (1778–1849)، فقيه، مترجم وعضو مجلس شيوخ.
• Antonio Alcalá Galiano (1789–1865)، سياسي وكاتب.
• Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (1790–1853)، اقتصادي ورئيس وزراء.
• Ramón María Narváez (1800–1868), قائد عسكري ورئيس مجلس وزراء تحت حكم الملكة إيزابلا الثانية.
• Antonio María Martínez (died 1823)، أول حاكم لتكساس الإسپانية.
• Mariana Pineda (1804–1834)، بطلة قومية.
• Marqués de Salamanca (1811–1883)، سياسي، رجل أعمال ووزير مالية إسپانيا.
• اوجيني دي مونتيخو (1826–1920)، إمبراطورة فرنسية بعد زواجها من ناپليون الثالث.
• Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897)رئيس وزراء إسپانيا تحت حكم الملكة إيزبلا الثانية.
• Emilio Castelar y Ripoll (1832–1899)، سياسي، أول رئيس للجمهورية إسپانية.
• Nicolás Salmerón y Alonso (1838–1908)، رئيس الجمهورية إسپانية.
• Princess Marie Isabelle d'Orléans (1848–1919), infant of Spain.
• Elías Ahúja y Andría (1863–1951)، رجل خير.
• Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)، رئيس وزراء الجمهورية الإسپانية الثانية.
• Miguel Primo de Rivera (1870–1930)، سياسي، قائد عسكري وديكتاتور.
• Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1877–1949)، سياسي، ورئيس الجمهورية الإسپانية الثانية.
• Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)، سياسي، ورئيس الجمهورية الإسپانية الثانية في المنفى.
• Blas Infante (1885–1936)، سياسي "أبو" الوطن الأندلسي.
• Anita Delgado (1890–1962)، راقص فلامنكو، متزوج من Jagatjit Singh Bahadur of Kapurthala.
• José Brocca (1891–1950)، ناشطة سلمية وسياسية.
• Victoria Kent (1892–1987)، سياسي ومحامي ومن رواد الحركة النسوية في إسپانيا.
• Julián Herranz Casado (و. 1930), cardenal, ex president of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts.
• José María Álvarez del Manzano (born 1937), politician, former mayor of Madrid.
• Inocencio Arias (born 1940), diplomat and politician.
• Alfonso Guerra (born 1940), politician, former Deputy Prime Minister (1982–2006).
• Julio Anguita (born 1941), politician, former secretary general of Izquierda Unida and the Communist Party of Spain.
• Felipe González (born 1942), ex Prime Minister (1982–1996).
• Manuel Chaves (born 1945), Third Deputy Prime Minister (2009–2012) and head of PSOE (since 2000).
• Juan Barranco (born 1947), mayor of Madrid.
• Celia Villalobos (born 1949), politician, former Minister of Public Health.
• Cristóbal Montoro (born 1950), former Minister of the Treasury (2000–2004).
• Luisa Fernand Rudi (born 1950), member of European Parliament.
• Magdalena Álvarez (born 1952), politician, Minister of Public Works (2004–2009).
• José Montilla (born 1955), former Minister of Industry.
• Gaspar Zarrías (born 1955), politician, Secretary of Territorial Cooperation (2009–2012).
• Baltasar Garzón (born 1955), judge.
• Javier Arenas (born 1957), politician, deputy Vice-Prime Minister (2004–2008).
• Carmen Calvo (born 1957), politician, Minister of Culture (2004–2007).
• Trinidad Jiménez (born 1962), politician, Minister of Public Health (2009–2012).
• Aguas Santas Ocaña Navarro (born 1963), former First Lady of Honduras (2002–2006).
• Bibiana Aído (born 1977), politician, Minister for Equality in charge (2008–2012).

 فلاسفة ومنظرون

• Moderatus of Gades (القرن الأولى ق.م)، فيلسوف.
• Seneca the Elder (54 BC – 39), rhetorician and writer.
• Seneca the Younger (4 BC – 65)، فيلسوف.
• Hosius of Corduba (257–359)، منظر.
• Saint Isidore of Seville (560–636)عالم ومؤرخ.
• Ibn Hazm (994–1064), philosopher, theologian, jurist and historian.
• Ibn al-Arif (1088–1141), Sufi theologian and philosopher.
• Ibn Tufail (1105–1185), writer, philosopher, theologian and physician.
• Averroes (1126–1198), philosopher, theologian, jurist and scientist.
• Maimonides (1135–1204), philosopher and physician.
• Al-Qurtubi (1214–1273), Muslim scholar.
• Abraham ben Isaac of Granada (13th century), kabbalist.
• David Abudirham (14th century), Hebrew rishom.
• Bartolomé de las Casas (1484–1566), theologian, philosopher, jurist and defender of the native Americans.
• Louis of Granada (1505–1588), theologian and writer.
• Moses ben Jacob Cordovero (1522–1570), Hebrew mystic and scholar.
• Francisco Suárez (1548–1617), philosopher, theologian and scholar.
• Joseph Athias (1635–1700), rabbi and Hebrew scholar.
• Francisco Giner de los Ríos (1839–1915), philosopher and educator.
• María Zambrano (1904–1991), philosopher.
• Jesús Padilla (born 1959), philosopher.

 مؤرخون وكتاب ولاهوتيون

• Judah ben David Hayyuj (945–1000), Hebrew grammarian.
• Ibn Faradi (962–1012), historian.
• Ibn al-Qūṭiyya (died 977), historian.
• Ibn Hayyan (987–1075), historian.
• Jonah ibn Janah (990–1050), grammarian and lexicographer.
• Al-Udri (1003–1085), geographer and historian.
• Hanoch ben Moses (died 1024), rabbi.
• Said Al-Andalusi (1029–1070), historian and scientist.
• Antonio de Nebrija (1441–1522), scholar and author of the first published grammar of the Spanish or any Romance language.
• Fernan Perez de Oliva (1492–1530), man of letters.
• Juan Pérez de Pineda (1500–1567), Protestant writer.
• José Amador de los Ríos (1818–1878), historian and archaeologist.
• Ángel Ganivet (1865–1898), writer and diplomat.
• Rafael Cansinos Assens (1882–1964), poet, novelist and translator.
• Emilio García Gómez (1905–1995), Arabist, literary historian and critic.
• Francisco Ayala (1906–2009), writer and essayist.
• Abel Paz (1921–2009), anarchist, historian and activist.
• Emilio Lledó (born 1927), writer and philosopher.

 قادة عسكريون

• Lucius Cornelius Balbus (major) (1st century BC), military officer.
• Lucius Cornelius Balbus (minor) (1st century BC), military officer.
• Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir (938–1002), military commander.
• Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, "El Gran Capitán" (1453–1515), military commander.
• María Pacheco (1496–1531), noblewoman and military commander.
• Álvaro de Bazán (1526–1588), military commander.
• Miguel de Barrios y Valle (1635–1706), military commander and poet.
• Diego de Alvear y Ponce de León (1749–1830), politician, sailor and military commander.
• Juan Ruiz de Apodaca (1754–1835), military commander.
• Joaquín Blake (1759–1827), military commander.
• Dionisio Alcalá Galiano (1760–1805), brigadier, cartographer and explorer.
• Luis Daoíz (1767–1808), military commander.
• Henry O'Donnell (1769–1834), military commander.
• Luis Lacy (1772–1817), military commander.
• Pascual Cervera y Topete (1839–1909), admiral.

 شعراء، روائيون، وكتاب مسرحيون

• Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella (4–70), tribune and writer.
• Lucan (39–65), poet.
• Wallada (994–1091), poet.
• Ibn Zaydun (1003–1071), poet.
• Solomon ibn Gabirol (1021–1058), poet and philosopher.
• Moses_ibn_Ezra (1055–1138), poet and philosopher.
• Ibn Quzman (1078–1160), poet.
• Ibn Sahl of Seville (1212–1251), poet.
• Ibn al-Yayyab (1274–1349), poet and statesman.
• Ibn al-Khatib (1313–1374), poet, historian and philosopher.
• Ibn Zamrak (1333–1394), poet and statesman.
• Juan Alfonso de Baena (1375–1434), poet.
• Juan de Mena (1411–1456), poet.
• Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1503–1575), poet and diplomat.
• Lope de Rueda (1510–1565), playwright.
• Gutierre de Cetina (1519–1554), poet.
• Fernando de Herrera (1534–1597), poet and man of letters.
• Juan de la Cueva (1543–1612), playwright and poet.
• Mateo Alemán (1547–1615), writer.
• Luis de Góngora (1561–1627), poet and playwright.
• Antonio Mira de Amescua (1578–1636), playwright.
• Luis Vélez de Guevara (1579–1644), novelist and playwright.
• José Cadalso (1741–1782), poet, playwright and essayist.
• Joseph Blanco White (1745–1841), poet and theologian.
• Francisco Martínez de la Rosa (1787–1862), poet, playwright and politician.
• Ángel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas (1791–1865), poet, dramatist and politician.
• Juan Valera(1824–1905), novelist.
• Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (1833–1891), novelist.
• Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836–1870), poet and short story writer.
• Salvador Rueda (1857–1933), journalist and poet.
• Carlos Fernández Shaw (1865–1911), poet and playwright.
• Manuel Machado (1874–1947), poet and playwright.
• Antonio Machado (1875–1939), poet.
• Francisco Villaespesa (1877–1936), poet and playwright.
• Pedro Muñoz Seca (1879–1936), playwright.
• José María Álvarez de Sotomayor (1880–1947), poet and playwright.
• Juan Ramón Jiménez (1881–1958), poet and writer, Nobel prize laureate.
• José María Pemán (1897–1981), poet, novelist and playwright.
• Federico García Lorca (1898–1936), poet, playwright and theatre director.
• Vicente Aleixandre (1898–1984), poet, Nobel prize laureate.
• Emilio Prados (1899–1962), poet.
• Luis Cernuda (1902–1963), poet.
• Rafael Alberti (1902–1999), poet.
• Manuel Altolaguirre (1905–1959), poet and editor.
• Luis Rosales (1910–1992), poet.
• Carlos Edmundo de Ory (born 1923), poet, essayist and translator.
• José Manuel Caballero Bonald (born 1926), poet.
• Fernando Quiñones (1930–1998), poet.
• Agustín Gómez Arcos (1933–1998), writer
• Antonio Gala (born 1936), writer.
• Juan Madrid (born 1947), writer.
• Juan Eslava Galán (born 1948), novelist.
• Eduardo Mendicutti (born 1948), novelist.
• Antonio Muñoz Molina (born 1956), novelist, director of Instituto Cervantes in New York City.
• Luis García Montero (born 1958), poet.
• Francisco Domene (born 1960), poet.
• Elvira Lindo (born 1962), writer and journalist.
• Salome Ortega (born 1962), poet and novelist.
• es:Elvira Navarro (born 1978), novelist.
• Elena Medel (born 1985), poet.

 شهداء وقديسون كاثوليك

• Saint Justa and Saint Rufina (3rd century), Catholic martyrs.
• Saint Acisclus (died 303), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Argimir (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Adolph (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Eulogius of Córdoba (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Aurelius and Saint Natalia (9th century), Catholic martyrs.
• Saint Laura (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Perfectus (9th century), Catholic martyr.
• Saint Diego de Alcalá (1400–1463), Catholic saint.
• Saint Francis Solanus (1549–1610), saint and missionary in the Americas.
• Saint José María Rubio (1864–1929), Catholic saint.

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 مستكشفون ومبشرون

• Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad (9th century), explorer and navigator, presumed discoverer of America.
• Pedro Tafur (1410–1487), explorer of the Mediterranean and Middle East.
• Martín Alonso Pinzón (1441–1493), explorer, one of the discoverers of America with Columbus.
• Pedro de Cordova (1460–1525), missionary of present-day Dominican Republic and Venezuela.
• Vicente Yáñez Pinzón (1462–1514), explorer, one of the discoverers of America with Columbus.
• Pedro Alonso Niño (1468–1505), explorer of the Caribbean with Columbus.
• Rodrigo de Triana (1469 – after 1525), explorer with Columbus, first European since the Vikings to officially see the Americas.
• Juan Díaz de Solís (1470–1515), explorer of Yucatan, Brazil, and present-day Argentina and Uruguay.
• Sebastián de Belalcázar (1479–1551), conquistador, explorer of presen Central America, Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador.
• Cristóbal de Olid (1488–1524), conquistador, military commander in the conquest of Cuba, Mexico and Honduras.
• Diego de Lopez (late 18th century), friar from Granada, Spain, Parish Priest of Pandacan, Manila, founder of Tolosa town in the Philippines, patriarch of the Lopez- Romualdez family, great grand father of Imelda Romualdez- Marcos, Philippine First Lady.
• Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (1490–1557), conquistador, explorer of the Caribbean, present-day USA and Mexico.
• Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada (1495–1579), conquistador and explorer of Colombia.
• Pedro de Mendoza (1499–1537), conquistador, explorer of present-day Argentina and founder of Buenos Aires.
• Diego de Nicuesa (died 1511), conquistador, explorer of present-day Panamá, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
• Juan de Esquivel (died 1513), conquistador of Jamaica.
• Ruy López de Villalobos (1500–1544), explorer of the Pacific Ocean and the Philippines.
• Juan de Padilla (1500–1542), missionary, Christian martyr and explorer of present-day USA.
• Alonzo de Barcena (1528–1598), missionary in Peru, Bolivia and Paraguay.
• Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera (1538–1574), conquistador, founder of Córdoba, Argentina.
• Judar Pasha (died 1605), military commander and explorer, conqueror of Niger.
• Antonio de Ulloa (1716–1795), military commander, explorer and astronomer.
• Juan de Ayala (1745–1797), naval officer and explorer of California.

 علماء وفيزيائون

• عباس ابن فرناس (810–887)، عالم.
• Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon (1120 – after 1190), physician and translator.
• ابن البيطار (1188–1248), scientist and physician.
• al-Arbuli (15th century), bromatologist.
• Celestino Mutis (1732–1808), botanist and mathematician.
• Alberto Lista (1775–1848), mathematician and poet.
• Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú (1922–1998), surgeon.
• Luis Rojas-Marcos (born 1943), psychiatrist.
• Ginés Morata (born 1945), biologist.

 مؤلفون موسيقيون ومغنو اوبرا

• Cristobal de Morales (1500–1553), composer.
• Vicente Espinel (1550–1624), composer and poet.
• Alonso Lobo (1555–1617), composer.
• Manuel García (1775–1832), tenor.
• Julián Arcas (1832–1888), classical guitarist.
• Manuel de Falla (1876–1946), composer.
• Maria Galvany (1878–1949), soprano.
• Joaquín Turina (1882–1949), composer.
• José Padilla (1889–1960), composer.
• Andrés Segovia (1893–1987), classical guitarist.
• Carlos Álvarez (born 1966), baritone, Grammy Award laureate.
• Isaac Albeniz i Pascual (1860–1909) composer and pianist.

 رسامون ونحاتون

• Antonio Mohedano (1563–1626), painter.
• Juan Martínez Montañés (1568–1649), sculptor.
• Francisco Herrera the Elder (1576–1656), painter.
• Juan de Mesa (1583–1627), sculptor.
• Diego de Velázquez (1599–1660), painter.
• Alonso Cano (1601–1667), painter, sculptor and architect.
• Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1617–1682), painter.
• Francisco Herrera the Younger (1622–1655), painter and architect.
• Juan de Valdés Leal (1622–1690), painter.
• Pedro de Mena (1628–1688), sculptor.
• Jose Risueño (1640–1721), Baroque painter.
• Pedro Nuñez de Villavicencio (1635–1700), painter.
• Antonio Palomino (1653–1726), painter.
• José Denis Belgrano (1844–1917), painter.
• Julio Romero de Torres (1874–1930), painter.
• Pablo Ruiz Picasso (1881–1973), painter.
• Daniel Vázquez Díaz (1882–1969), painter.
• Juan Cristóbal (1897–1961), sculptor.
• Antonio León Ortega (1907–1991), sculptor.
• es:Jesús de Perceval (1915–1985), painter.
• Federico "Fred" Castellon (1914–1971), painter and illustrator, naturalized American.
• Miguel Berrocal (1933–2006), sculptor.
• Artiste Vicente Navarro y Romero 1888 - 1979 painter, artist, Spain Titre(title) The slave market

 فنانون

• Carlos Pacheco (born 1961), comic-book artist.
• Joseph Contreras (1710–1780), luthier.
• Mariano Fortuny y Madrazo (1871–1949), fashion designer.
• Manuel García Ferré (born 1929), cartoonist.
• Gerundino Fernández (1931–2006), luthier.
• Juan Ballesta (born 1935), cartoonist and illustrator.
• Juanjo Guarnido (born 1967), comic illustrator.
• Idígoras y Pachi, cartoonist active since the 1990s.
• Andrés Vázquez de Sola political cartoonist and journalist.

 مصارعو ثيران

• Costillares (1743–1800), matador, father of modern bullfighting.
• Pedro Romero (1754–1839), matador, one of the fathers of modern bullfighting.
• Rafael Molina Sánchez, "Lagartijo" (1841–1900), matador.
• Frascuelo (1842–1898), matador.
• Rafael Guerra, "Guerrita" (1862–1941), matador.
• Rafael González Madrid, "Machaquito"" (1880–1955), matador.
• Rafael Gómez Ortega, "El Gallo" (1882–1960), matador.
• Ignacio Sánchez Mejías (1891–1934), matador.
• Juan Belmonte (1892–1962), bullfighter.
• José Gómez Ortega, "Gallito" (1895–1920), matador.
• Cayetano Ordóñez (1904–1961), matador.
• Manolete (1917–1947), matador.
• Álvaro Domecq y Díez (1917–2005), breeder and horseback bullfighter.
• Miguel Báez, "El Litri (born 1930), matador.
• Antonio Ordóñez (1932–1998), matador.
• Curro Romero (born 1933), matador.
• Manuel Benítez, "El Cordobés" (born 1936), matador.
• Palomo Linares (born 1947), matador.
• Francisco Rivera, "Paquirri" (1948–1984), matador.
• Finito de Córdoba (born 1971), matador.
• Jesulín de Ubrique (born 1974), matador and singer.
• Javier Conde (born 1975), matador.

 ممثلون

• Rafaela Aparicio (1906–1996), actress.
• Carmen Sevilla (born 1930), actress, singer and TV presenter.
• Lita Baron (born 1929), Hollywood film actress.
• Paco Morán (born 1930), actor.
• Chiquito de la Calzada (born 1932), comedian and flamenco singer.
• Elisa Montés (born 1934), actress.
• Pilar Bardem (born 1939), actress.
• Juan Luis Galiardo (born 1940), film actor.
• Juan Tamariz (born 1942), magician.
• Juan Diego (born 1942), film actor.
• Soledad Miranda (1943–1970), actress.
• Marisol (born 1948), actress.
• Rafael Álvarez, "El Brujo" (born 1950), actor.
• Amparo Muñoz (born 1954), actress and model, Miss Universe laureate.
• Bibiana Fernández (born 1954), actress.
• Rosario Pardo (born 1959), actress.
• Antonio Banderas (born 1960), actor, film director and film producer.
• María Barranco (born 1961), actress.
• Pedro Reyes (born 1961), actor and comedian.
• Pablo Carbonell (born 1962), actor, comedian and singer.
• Juan y Medio (born 1962), TV presenter and comedian.
• Ángel Garó (born 1965), comedian.
• Pepón Nieto (born 1967), actor.
• Ana Álvarez (born 1969), actress.
• Paz Padilla (born 1969), actress and comedian.
• Antonio Garrido (born 1971), actor.
• Paco León (born 1974), actor.
• Ruth Gabriel (born 1975), actress.
• Paz Vega (born 1976), actress.
• Verónica Sánchez (born 1977), actress.
• Fran Perea (born 1978), actor and singer.
• Dúo Sacapuntas, comedian during the 1980s.
• Los Morancos, comedian since the 1980s.
• Juan García Postigo (born 1981), model, Mister World laureate.
• Jean Reno (Juan Moreno y Jederique Jiménez) (born 1948), actor.

 مخرجو أفلام

• Cecilio Paniagua (died 1979), photography director.
• Manuel Summers (1935–1993), film director.
• Miguel Hermoso (born 1942), film director.
• Manuel Martín Cuenca (born 1964), film director.
• Benito Zambrano (born 1965), film director.
• Santiago Amodeo (born 1969), film director.
• Pedro Temboury (born 1971), film director.
• Julián Lara (born 1975), film director.

 صحفيون

• Isabel Oyarzábal Smith (1878–1974), writer and diplomat.
• María Dolores Pérez Enciso (1908–1949), feminist writer and journalist.
• Matías Prats (1913–2004), journalist and TV and radio presenter.
• Jesús Hermida (born 1937), journalist and TV presenter, long-time correspondent for TVE in New York City.
• Encarna Sánchez (1940–1996), journalist and radio presenter.
• Jesús Quintero (born 1940), journalist and TV presenter.
• María Teresa Campos (born 1940), journalist and TV presenter.
• Paco Lobatón (born 1951), journalist and TV presenter.
• Carlos Herrera (born 1956), journalist and TV and radio presenter.
• Juan Jacinto Muñoz Rengel (born 1974), journalist and writer.
• Marta Nebot (born 1975), journalist and TV presenter.

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 لاعبو ومدربو كرة قدم

• Antonio Biosca (born 1949), international footballer.
• Juan Ramón López Caro (born 1953), football coach.
• Juan Gómez González, "Juanito" (1954–1992), international footballer.
• Joaquín Caparrós (born 1955), football coach.
• Gregorio Manzano (born 1956), football coach.
• Antonio García Navajas (born 1958), international footballer.
• Luis Fernández (born 1959), international footballer.
• Ricardo Serna (born 1964), international footballer.
• Rafa Paz (born 1965), footballer.
• Miguel Pardeza (born 1965), international footballer.
• Lucas Alcaraz (born 1966), football coach.
• Adolfo Aldana (born 1966), international footballer.
• Fernando Hierro (born 1968), international footballer.
• José María Quevedo (born 1969), footballer.
• Francisco Narváez, "Kiko" (born 1972), international footballer.
• Luis Tevenet (born 1974), footballer.
• Diego Tristán (born 1976), international footballer.
• Jesús Capitán, "Capi" (born 1977), international footballer.
• José María Romero Poyón, "José Mari" (born 1978), international footballer.
• Carlos Marchena (born 1979), international footballer.
• Daniel Güiza (born 1980), international footballer.
• Joaquín (born 1981), international footballer.
• José Antonio Reyes (born 1983), international footballer.
• Antonio Puerta (1984–2007), international footballer.
• Jesús Navas (born 1985), international footballer.
• Sergio Ramos (born 1986), international footballer.
• Diego Capel (born 1988), international footballer.
• Sergio Ariel (born 1988), international footballer.

 رياضيون آخرون

• Pedro Carrasco (1943–2001), boxer.
• Manuel Orantes (born 1949), tennis player, 2nd in ATP ranking and US Open winner.
• Juan Martínez Oliver (born 1962), road bicycle racer.
• Miguel Ángel Jiménez (born 1964), golfer.
• Manuel Pancorbo (born 1966), Olympic track and field athlete.
• Ignacio Rodríguez (born 1970), Olympic basketballer.
• Antonio Carlos Ortega (born 1971), Olympic handball player.
• Juan José Salvador (born 1975), international volleyball player.
• María José Rienda (born 1975), World Cup ski racer.
• Faustino Reyes (born 1975), boxer, Olympic laureate.
• Paquillo Fernández (born 1977), race walker, Olympic laureate.
• Antonio Jiménez Pentinel (born 1977), international long distance runner.
• Felipe Reyes (born 1980), international basketballer.
• Berni Rodríguez (born 1980), international basketballer.
• Carlos Cabezas (born 1980), international basketballer.

 مغنون وموسيقيون

• Silverio Franconetti (1831–1889), flamenco singer.
• Juan Breva (1844–1918), flamenco singer.
• El Piyayo (1864–1940), flamenco singer and guitar player.
• Antonio Chacón (1869–1929), flamenco singer.
• Pepe Marchena (1903–1976), flamenco singer.
• Miguel de Molina (1908–1993), flamenco singer and folk singer.
• Manolo Caracol (1909–1963), flamenco singer.
• Antonio Mairena (1909–1983), flamenco singer.
• Niña de la Puebla (1909–1999), flamenco and folk singer.
• Manolo el Malagueño (1912–1975), flamenco and folk singer.
• Juanito Valderrama (1916–2005), flamenco and folk singer.
• Lola Flores (1923–1995), flamenco singer and actress.
• Antonio Molina (1928–1992), flamenco and folk singer.
• Manolo Escobar (born 1931), folk singer.
• Fosforito (born 1932), flamenco singer.
• Juan Peña, "El Lebrijano", flamenco singer and musician.
• Enrique Morente (born 1942), flamenco singer.
• Karina (born 1943), singer.
• Raphael (born 1943), folk singer.
• Carlos Cano (1946–2000), folk singer.
• Miguel Ríos (born 1946), singer and composer, one of the pioneers of rock'n'roll in Spain.
• Rocío Jurado (1946–2006), folk singer and actress.
• Cristina Hoyos (born 1946), flamenco dancer and choreographer.
• Joselito (born 1947), folk singer.
• Paco de Lucía (born 1947), flamenco guitarist.
• Joaquín Sabina (born 1949), singer, composer and poet.
• María Jiménez (born 1950), singer.
• Camarón de la Isla (1950–1992), flamenco singer.
• Carmen Linares (born 1951), flamenco singer.
• José Mercé (born 1955), flamenco singer.
• Isabel Pantoja (born 1956), folk singer.
• Tito Alcedo (born 1958), guitarist.
• Tomatito (born 1958), flamenco guitarist.
• Chano Domínguez (born 1960), flamenco jazz pianist.
• Remedios Amaya (born 1962), flamenco singer.
• Antonio Carmona (born 1965), pop singer from Ketama band.
• 091, rock band from the 1980s and 1990s.
• Juan Antonio Canta (1966–1996), singer.
• Vicente Amigo (born 1967), flamenco guitarist.
• Joaquín Cortés (born 1969), flamenco dancer.
• Lole y Manuel, flamenco duo.
• Eva la Yerbabuena (born 1970), flamenco dancer.
• El Koala (born 1970), rock singer.
• Radio Tarifa, flamenco pop band.
• Sara Baras (born 1971), flamenco dancer.
• Triana, progressive rock band from the 1970s and early 1980s.
• Navajita Plateá, flamenco pop band.
• es:Carlos Chaouen (born 1974), singer.
• Niño Josele (born 1974), flamenco guitarist.
• Tabletom, rock, blues, jazz and flamenco band from the 1970s to now.
• José Rubio (born 1978), power metal singer.
• Niña Pastori (born 1978), flamenco singer.
• Pastora Soler (born 1978), folk singer.
• Falete (born 1978), folk singer.
• Nuria Fergó (born 1979), folk singer.
• Rakel Winchester, pop band.
• Vega (born 1979), pop singer.
• David Bisbal (born 1979), singer and Latin Grammy Award laureate.
• Las Ketchup, flamenco pop band, Latin Grammy Award nominees.
• Chambao, flamenco-chill band.
• Andy & Lucas, flamenco pop band.
• Estrella Morente (born 1980), flamenco singer.
• Rosa López (born 1981), pop singer.
• Manuel Carrasco (born 1981), pop singer.
• Medina Azahara, rock band from the 1980s and 1990s.
• Los del Río, folk duo from the 1990s.

 انظر أيضا

• مطبخ أندلسي
• قومية أندلسية
• قائمة الأندلسيين
• موسيقى الأندلس
• قوميات إسپان
• إسپان

 المصادر

• This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain.