إنذار كرزون النهائي

The Curzon Ultimatum (Note) is a British government note drawn up by Foreign Secretary Lord Curzon and presented to the Soviet government on May 8, 1923 by the head of the British trade mission in Moscow, Hodgson .

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فحوى المذكرة

Curzon accused the USSR of pursuing an anti-British policy in the East and demanded that the following conditions be met within 10 days:

stopping anti-British subversive activities in Iran and Afghanistan carried out from Soviet missions in these countries;
ending religious persecution in the Soviet Union ;
the release of British fishing trawlers detained for fishing in Soviet territorial waters of the Barents Sea ;
demand for monetary compensation for the arrest and execution of a number of members of the “ Dyuks group ”.

The conflict was aggravated by the murder of Soviet diplomat V.V. Vorovsky in Lausanne ( Switzerland ) .

رد الفعل السوڤيتي

1923: مذكورة في رواية "الكراسي الاثناعشر" بريشة أوستاپ بندر، كاريكاتير الحياة اليومية "البلشڤيك يكتبون رداً على إنذار كرزون النهائي"، 1923، العدد 6، ص.7. وقوفاً من اليسار لليمين: بوديوني وكامنيف، راكوڤسكي، ستالين، زينوڤييف. الجلوس: ريكوف، كالينن، كراسين، راديك، بوخارين، تشيتشرين، تروتسكي، ليتڤينوف، دميان بيدني (بظهره). مستوحاة من لوحة "رد القوزاق الزاپوروج"، بريشة إليا رپين.

The Soviet government rejected the British ultimatum on May 11, 1923 and inspired mass demonstrations , but on May 23 expressed its readiness to accept some of Curzon's demands.

According to Soviet historiographers, only some of Curzon’s wishes were satisfied, 10 days after the end of the ultimatum (which Curzon himself extended).

In a note dated May 23, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR expressed its agreement to meet halfway. Firstly, the government proposed concluding a convention with England granting English subjects the right to fish in Soviet waters outside a three-mile maritime zone pending the settlement of the entire issue; secondly, to pay for the confiscated English fishing vessels; thirdly, to pay compensation for the execution and arrest of English citizens, however, with the caveat that consent to this does not mean that the repressive measures taken against these spies were wrong; fourthly, take back the two letters sent to Hodgson. After an additional exchange of notes, in which mutual obligations of non-interference in internal affairs and abstinence from hostile acts were established, both governments recognized the correspondence as completed.

A number of researchers are inclined to see the release of Patriarch Tikhon from arrest and the cancellation of the impending trial as a concession by the Soviet government in response to Curzon’s ultimatum (the ultimatum demanded, among other things, an end to repressions against the Church and the clergy (paragraphs 21 and 22) [ source not specified 462 day ] .

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