إدوارد فتس‌جرالد (شاعر)

إدوارد فتس‌جرالد Edward FitzGerald
إدوارد فتس‌جرالد، بريشة إيڤا ريڤت-كارناك (من صورة فوتوغرافية التقطت في 1873)
وُلِد	(1809-03-31)31 مارس 1809 بردفيلد هاوس، بردفيلد، وودبردج، سفوك، إنگلترة، المملكة المتحدة
توفي	14 يونيو 1883(1883-06-14) (aged 74) مرتون، نورفوك، إنگلترة، المملكة المتحدة
الوظيفة	شاعر وكاتب
أبرز الأعمال	الترجمة الإنگليزية لرباعيات عمر الخيام
التوقيع

إدوارد فتس‌جرالد Edward FitzGerald أو Fitzgerald‏ (عاش 31 مارس 1809 – 14 يونيو 1883) كان شاعراً وكاتباً إنگليزياً. أشهر قصائده، التي احتفظت بسمعتها منذ ع1860، هي أول وأفضل ترجمة إنگليزية معروفة لرباعيات عمر الخيام.

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 محاكاة ساخرة

FitzGerald's translations were popular in the century of their publication, also with humorists for the purpose of parody.

• The Rubáiyát of Ohow Dryyam by J. L. Duff utilises the original to create a satire commenting on Prohibition.
• Rubaiyat of a Persian Kitten by Oliver Herford, published in 1904, is the illustrated story of a kitten in parody of the original verses.
• The Rubaiyat of Omar Cayenne by Gelett Burgess (1866–1951) was a condemnation of the writing and publishing business.
• The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Jr. (1971) by Wallace Irwin purports to be a translation from "Mango-Bornese" chronicling the adventures of Omar Khayyam's son "Omar Junior" – unmentioned in the original – who has emigrated from Persia to Borneo.
• Astrophysicist Arthur Eddington wrote a parody about his famous 1919 experiment to test Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity by observing a solar eclipse.
• The new Rubaiyat: Omar Khayyam reincarnated by "Ame Perdue" (pen name of W.J. Carroll) was published in Melbourne in 1943. It revisits the plaints of the original text with references to modern science, technology and industry.

 ببليوگرافيا وسيَر

• The Works of Edward FitzGerald appeared in 1887.
• See also a chronological list of FitzGerald's works (Caxton Club, Chicago, 1899).
• Notes for a bibliography by Col. W. F. Prideaux, in Notes and Queries (9th series, vol. VL), published separately in 1901
• Letters and Literary Remains, ed. W. Aldis Wright, 1902–1903
• 'Letters to Fanny Kemble', ed. William Aldis Wright
• Life of Edward FitzGerald, by Thomas Wright (1904) contains a bibliography, vol. ii. pp. 241–243, and a list of sources, vol. i. pp. xvi–xvii
• The volume on FitzGerald in the "English Men of Letters" series is by A. C. Benson.
• The FitzGerald centenary was marked in March 1909. See the Centenary Celebrations Souvenir (Ipswich, 1909) and The Times for 25 March 1909.
• Today, the major source is Robert Bernard Martin's biography, With Friends Possessed: A Life of Edward Fitzgerald.
• A comprehensive four-volume collection of The Letters of Edward FitzGerald, edited by Syracuse University English professor Alfred M. Terhune, was published in 1980.

 للاستزادة

• William Axon (1911). "Omar" Fitzgerald. Good Health 46 (1): 107-113
• Harold Bloom. Modern Critical Interpretations Philadelphia, 2004
• Jorge Borges, "The Enigma of Edward FitzGerald," Selected Non-Fictions, Penguin, 1999. ISBN 0-14-029011-7
• Robert Douglas-Fairhurst, Victorian Afterlives: The Shaping of Influence in Nineteenth-Century Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002
• Garnett, Richard; Gosse, Edmund (1904). English Literature. Vol. 4. New York: Grosset & Dunlap.
• Francis Hindes Groome; Edward FitzGerald (1902). Edward FitzGerald. Portland, Maine: Thomas B. Mosher. Edward FitzGerald
• Sloan, Gary. Great Minds, "The Rubáiyát of Edward FitzOmar", Free Inquiry, Winter 2002/2003 – Volume 23, No. 1

 وصلات خارجية

Wikisource has original works written by or about:

إدوارد فتس‌جرالد (شاعر)

• أعمال من Edward FitzGerald في مشروع گوتنبرگ
• قالب:FadedPage
• Works by or about إدوارد فتس‌جرالد at Internet Archive
• Works by إدوارد فتس‌جرالد at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• Encyclopedia Iranica, "Fitzgerald Edward" by Dick Davis
• Bird Parliament by Edward FitzGerald
• Parodies of the Rubaiyat – several parodies of the Rubaiyat are included, with artwork and comparisons to the Fitzgerald translation.
• Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyam. Rendered into English verse by Edward Fitzgerald. Complete edition showing variants in the five original printings. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1921