قائمة الملوك الاسبان

اسپانيا
Escudo de España (mazonado).svg

هذه المقالة هي جزء من سلسلة:
سياسة وحكومة
اسبانيا

دول أخرى • أطلس
 بوابة السياسة
ع • ن • ت

This is a list of Spanish monarchs, that is, rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the monarchs of the Spanish throne were the following:

These seven lineages were eventually united by the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon (king of the Crown of Aragon) and Isabella I of Castile (queen of the Crown of Castile). Although their kingdoms continued to be separate, with their personal union they ruled them together as one dominion. Ferdinand also conquered the southern part of Navarre and annexed it to what was to become Spain. Isabella left her kingdom to her daughter Joanna of Castile. Ferdinand served as her regent during her insanity; though rebuffed by the Castilian nobility and replaced by Joanna's husband Philip the Handsome, he resumed his regency after Philip's death. In 1516, after Ferdinand II's death, his daughter Joanna inherited the kingdom of Aragon, but was kept prisoner at Tordesillas as insane. As Joanna's son, the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, did not want to be merely a regent, he was proclaimed king of Castile and Aragon jointly with his mother in Brussels. Subsequently, Castilian and Aragonese Cortes alleged oath to him as co-king with his mother. Upon her death, he became sole King of Castile and Aragon, and the thrones were thereafter united permanently.

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مملكة اسبانيا (1479–1873)

بيت تراستامارا (1479–1555)

Under Isabella and Ferdinand, the royal dynasties of Aragon and Castile were united.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Ferdinand V & II
(1452-03-10)10 مارس 1452 – 23 يناير 1516(1516-01-23) (aged 63) 15 January 1475
In Castile
20 January 1479
In Aragon		 26 November 1504
In Castile
23 January 1516
In Aragon		 Son of John II of Aragon and Juana Enríquez Trastámara Ferdinand V of Castile and II of Aragon
Isabella I
(1451-04-22)22 أبريل 1451 – 26 نوفمبر 1504(1504-11-26) (aged 53) 11 December 1474
In Castile		 26 November 1504
In Castile		 Daughter of John II of Castile and Isabella of Portugal Trastámara Isabella I of Castile
Joanna
(1479-11-06)6 نوفمبر 1479 – 12 أبريل 1555(1555-04-12) (aged 75) 26 November 1504
In Castile
23 January 1516
In Aragon		 12 April 1555
In Spain		 Daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon Trastámara Joanna of Castile and Aragon (later: Joanna of Spain)
Philip I
(1478-07-22)22 يوليو 1478 – 25 سبتمبر 1506(1506-09-25) (aged 28) 27 June 1506
In Castile		 25 September 1506
In Castile		 Son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Mary of Burgundy Habsburg Philip I of Castile

بيت هابسبورگ (1516–1700)

المقالة الرئيسية: Habsburg Spain
للمزيد من المعلومات: Philippine Dynasty

Under Joanna and Charles I, the two thrones of Castile and Aragon were finally united under one monarch. Traditional numbering of monarchs follows the Castillian crown; i.e. after King Ferdinand (II of Aragon and V of Castile jure uxoris as husband of Queen of Castille Isabella I), the next Ferdinand was numbered VI. Likewise, Alfonso XII takes his number following that of Alfonso XI of Castile rather than that of Alfonso V of Aragon, the prior Spanish monarchs with that name.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Charles I
(1500-02-24)24 فبراير 1500 – 21 سبتمبر 1558(1558-09-21) (aged 58) 14 March 1516 16 January 1556
(abdicated)		 Son of Joanna and Philip I of Castile Habsburg Carlos I of Spain
Philip II
(1527-05-21)21 مايو 1527 – 13 سبتمبر 1598(1598-09-13) (aged 71) 16 January 1556 13 September 1598 Son of Charles I Habsburg Felipe II of Spain
Philip III
(1578-04-14)14 أبريل 1578 – 31 مارس 1621(1621-03-31) (aged 42) 13 September 1598 31 March 1621 Son/Grandnephew of Philip II Habsburg Felipe III of Spain
Philip IV
(1605-04-08)8 أبريل 1605 – 17 سبتمبر 1665(1665-09-17) (aged 60) 31 March 1621 17 September 1665 Son of Philip III Habsburg Felipe IV of Spain
Charles II
(1661-11-06)6 نوفمبر 1661 – 1 نوفمبر 1700(1700-11-01) (aged 38) 17 September 1665 1 November 1700 Son/Grandnephew of Philip IV Habsburg Carlos II of Spain


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بيت بوربون (1700–1808)

المقالة الرئيسية: Enlightenment in Spain

In the year 1700 Charles II died. Charles' will named the 16-year-old Philip, the grandson of Charles' sister Maria Theresa of Spain, as his successor.[1] Upon any possible refusal the Crown of Spain would be offered next to Philip's younger brother Charles, Duke of Berry, or, next, to Archduke Charles of Austria.

Both claimants, Philip and Charles, had a legal right to the Spanish throne due to the fact that Philip's grandfather, King Louis XIV of France and Charles's father, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, were sons of Charles' aunts, Anne and Maria Anna. Philip had the better claim because his grandmother and great-grandmother were older than Leopold's. However, the Austrian branch claimed that Philip's grandmother had renounced the Spanish throne for herself and her descendants as part of her marriage contract. This was countered by the French branch's claim that it was on the basis of a dowry that had never been paid.[2]

After a long council meeting where the Dauphin spoke up in favour of his son's rights, it was agreed that Philip would ascend the throne.[3] Following this, a war broke out and Archduke Charles was also proclaimed king of Spain, as Charles III in opposition to Philip V. He was proclaimed in Vienna,[4] and also in Madrid in the years 1706 and 1710. Charles renounced his claims to the Spanish throne in the Treaty of Rastatt of 1714, but was allowed the continued use of the styles of a Spanish monarch for his lifetime.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Philip V
(1683-12-19)19 ديسمبر 1683 – 9 يوليو 1746(1746-07-09) (aged 62) 16 November 1700 14 January 1724
(abdicated)		 Great-grandson of Philip IV Bourbon Philip V of Spain
Louis I
  • the Beloved and the Liberal
  • إسپانية: Luis I
 (1707-08-25)25 أغسطس 1707 – 31 أغسطس 1724(1724-08-31) (aged 17) 14 January 1724 31 August 1724 Son of Philip V Bourbon Louis I of Spain
Philip V
(1683-12-19)19 ديسمبر 1683 – 9 يوليو 1746(1746-07-09) (aged 62) 6 September 1724 9 July 1746 Father of Louis I Bourbon Philip V of Spain
Ferdinand VI
(1713-09-23)23 سبتمبر 1713 – 10 أغسطس 1759(1759-08-10) (aged 45) 9 July 1746 10 August 1759 Son of Philip V Bourbon Fernando VI of Spain
Charles III
  • the Enlightened and the King-Mayor
  • إسپانية: Carlos III
 (1716-01-20)20 يناير 1716 – 14 ديسمبر 1788(1788-12-14) (aged 72) 10 August 1759 14 December 1788 Son of Philip V Bourbon Carlos III of Spain
Charles IV
(1748-11-11)11 نوفمبر 1748 – 20 يناير 1819(1819-01-20) (aged 70) 14 December 1788 19 March 1808
(abdicated)		 Son of Charles III Bourbon Charles IV of Spain
Ferdinand VII
  • the Desired and the Felon King
  • إسپانية: Fernando VII
 (1784-10-14)14 أكتوبر 1784 – 29 سبتمبر 1833(1833-09-29) (aged 48) 19 March 1808 6 May 1808
(abdicated)		 Son of Charles IV Bourbon Fernando VII of Spain

بيت بوناپرت (1808–1813)

المقالة الرئيسية: Kingdom of Spain under Joseph Bonaparte

The only monarch from this dynasty was Joseph I, imposed by his brother Napoleon I of France after Charles IV and Ferdinand VII had abdicated. The title used by Joseph I was King of the Spains and the Indias, by the Grace of God and the Constitution of the State. He was also later given all of the titles of the previous kings. A government in opposition to the French was formed in Cádiz on 25 September 1808, which continued to recognize the imprisoned Ferdinand VII as king. This government was diplomatically recognized as the legitimate Spanish government by Britain and other countries at war with France.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Joseph I
  • the Intruder and Bottle Joe
  • إسپانية: José I
 (1768-01-07)7 يناير 1768 – 28 يوليو 1844(1844-07-28) (aged 76) 6 June 1808 11 December 1813
(deposed)		 The older brother of Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte José I of Spain


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بيت بوربون (1813–1868)

المقالة الرئيسية: History of Spain (1814–73)

Charles IV's eldest son was restored to the throne. Again the title used was king of Castile, Leon, Aragon,… by the Grace of God.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Ferdinand VII
  • the Desired and the Felon King
  • إسپانية: Fernando VII
 (1784-10-14)14 أكتوبر 1784 – 29 سبتمبر 1833(1833-09-29) (aged 48) 11 December 1813 29 September 1833 Son of Charles IV Bourbon Fernando VII of Spain
Isabella II
  • the One with the Sad Destinies
  • إسپانية: Isabel II
 (1830-10-10)10 أكتوبر 1830 – 10 أبريل 1904(1904-04-10) (aged 73) 29 September 1833 30 September 1868
(deposed)		 Daughter of Ferdinand VII Bourbon Isabel II of Spain

بيت ساڤوا (1870–1873)

المقالة الرئيسية: Glorious Revolution (Spain)

After the Spanish Revolution of 1868 deposed Isabella II, there was established a provisional government and a regency headed by Francisco Serrano y Domínguez from October 8, 1868 until January 2, 1871, while a new monarch was sought. Amadeo was elected as king and the new title used was King of Spain, by the Grace of God and will of the nation.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Amadeo I
(1845-05-30)30 مايو 1845 – 18 يناير 1890(1890-01-18) (aged 44) 16 November 1870 11 February 1873
(abdicated)		 Elected by Cortes Generales Savoy Amadeo I of Spain

الجمهورية الاسبانية (1873–1874)

المقالة الرئيسية: رئيس الجمهورية (اسبانيا)

مملكة اسبانيا (1874–1931)

بيت بوربون (1874–1931)

المقالة الرئيسية: Restoration (Spain)

Isabella II's eldest son was restored to the throne as she had abdicated in his favour in 1870. Constitutional King of Spain.

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Alfonso XII
  • the Peacemaker
 (1857-11-28)28 نوفمبر 1857 – 25 نوفمبر 1885(1885-11-25) (aged 27) 29 December 1874 25 November 1885 Son of Isabella II Bourbon Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XIII
  • the African
 (1886-05-17)17 مايو 1886 – 28 فبراير 1941(1941-02-28) (aged 54) 17 May 1886 14 April 1931
(abdicated)		 Son of Alfonso XII Bourbon Alfonso XIII of Spain

الجمهورية الاسبانية (1931–1939)

المقالة الرئيسية: رئيس الجمهورية (اسبانيا)

Spanish State (1936–1975)

On 1 October 1936 General Francisco Franco was proclaimed Leader of Spain (Spanish: Caudillo de España) in the parts of Spain controlled by the Nationalists (nacionales) after the Spanish Civil War broke out. At the end of the war on 1 April 1939 General Franco took control of the whole of Spain. In 1947, Franco proclaimed the restoration of the monarchy but did not allow the pretender, Juan, Count of Barcelona, to take the throne. In 1969, Franco declared that Juan Carlos, Prince of Spain, the Count of Barcelona's son, would be his successor. After Franco's death in 1975, Juan Carlos succeeded him as the King of Spain.

مملكة اسبانيا (1975–الحاضر)

بيت بوربون (1975–الحاضر)

المقالة الرئيسية: الانتقال الاسباني إلى الديمقراطية

Alfonso XIII's claim descended (due to his two eldest sons' renunciations) to his third son, Juan of Bourbon, Count of Barcelona, who was passed over in favour of his eldest son, whose title is King of Spain. The Count of Barcelona renounced his claims in favour of his son in 1977, two years after Franco's death and Juan Carlos's accession.

Juan Carlos abdicated in favor of his son Felipe VI, who became King on 19 June 2014, with Felipe's older daughter, Leonor, next in succession. [5]

الاسم
 العمر
 تولى الحكم
 ترك الحكم
 هوامش
 العائلة
 صورة
Juan Carlos I
5 يناير 1938 (العمر 86 سنة) 22 November 1975 19 June 2014
(abdicated)		 Grandson of Alfonso XIII Bourbon Juan Carlos I of Spain
Felipe VI
30 يناير 1968 (العمر 56 سنة) 19 June 2014 الحالي Son of Juan Carlos I Bourbon Felipe VI of Spain

انظر أيضاًَ

الهامش

  1. ^ Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain: The King who Reigned Twice". Yale University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-300-08718-7 P6
  2. ^ Durant, Will. "The Age of Louis XIV". Simon and Schuster, New York 1963 P699
  3. ^ Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain:: The King who Reigned Twice" Yale University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-300-08718-7 P158
  4. ^ http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Charles_VI_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire LoveToKnow Free Online Encyclopedia
  5. ^ "Leonor becomes a crown princess". El Pais.

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