ملف:Davis henreid now voyager.jpg

Davis_henreid_now_voyager.jpg(611 × 458 بكسل حجم الملف: 177 كيلوبايت، نوع MIME: image/jpeg)

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Cropped publicity still of Bette Davis and Paul Henreid in the 1942 film Now Voyager. Such images were taken by a studio photographer, and then disseminated to the media and the public to promote the film (see Film still). This is definitely a publicity still because of the high quality, and a stock code can be seen in the full image.

⧼wm-license-information-date⧽ 1942
⧼wm-license-information-source⧽ [1]
⧼wm-license-information-author⧽ Warner Bros. Studio
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(⧼wm-license-information-permission-reusing-text⧽)

Film production expert Eve Light Honthaner says in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.):

"Publicity photos have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."

Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989) p. 87, writes:

"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."

Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference with cinema scholars and editors, that they "expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements. . . [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."[2]

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16:26، 13 نوفمبر 2023
تصغير للنسخة بتاريخ 16:26، 13 نوفمبر 2023611 × 458 (177 كيلوبايت)Pastakhov (نقاش | مساهمات)Upload https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Davis_henreid_now_voyager.jpg

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