مجلس شيوخ الكرملن

Kremlin Senate
Сенатский дворец
Location in the Moscow Kremlin
معلومات عامة
الطراز المعماري	Neoclassical
الإحداثيات	55°45′12″N 37°37′9″E
المستأجرون الحاليون	Russian presidential administration
بدء الإنشاء	1776
اكتمل	1788
التصميم والإنشاء
المعماري	Matvey Kazakov.

مجلس شيوخ الكرملن (روسية: Сенатский дворец؛ إنگليزية: Kremlin Senate) هو مبنى ضمن أرض كرملن موسكو في روسيا. بُني في البداية من 1776 حتى 1787، وكان يأوي فرع موسكو من مجلس الشيوخ الحاكم، أعلى مكتب قضائي وتشريعي في روسيا الامبراطورية. وحالياً، فإنه يضم الادارة الرئاسية الروسية وهو منطقة عالية التأمين ومغلقة للعامة. وفي الحاضر، فقط واجهة الركن الجنوبي، المواجهة لمدفع القيصر يمكن رؤيتها.

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 المبنى

The Kremlin Senate is located in the northern part of the Kremlin grounds, between the Kremlin Arsenal and the former, now demolished, Kremlin Presidium (the site of which is planned to be a park). It is shaped like an isosceles triangle with each side approximately 100 metres (330 ft) in length, and with one side directly adjacent to the سور الكرملن parallel to الميدان الأحمر. The building has three floors and is painted in the same yellow color as many other administrative buildings ضمن كرملن موسكو.

The triangular structure has an inner courtyard, and is divided by hallways into a central pentahedral portion and two side trihedral portions. In the middle of the main façade is an arched passage fashioned like a triumphal arch leading to the inner yard. Inside is Rotunda Hall (diameter 24.6 metres (81 ft), 27 metres (89 ft) internal height), once called The Pantheon of Russia. Its green dome, carrying the state flag as seen from the Red Square, would later become a Soviet propaganda icon. However, originally it carried a statue of St. George, then a statue of Justice (destroyed by French troops in 1812). The exterior styling of the building is an unusual mix of Doric and Ionic order columns.

Inside the building, the large “Catherine Hall” is designed as a parade room, where especially important ceremonies are held. This is a circular hall, with a 24.7 meter diameter under extensive bas-relief ornamentation depicting Catherine as the Greek goddess Minerva.

 التاريخ

Kremlin Senate (top floor, roof, and flag) at night seen from Red Square.

 التاريخ الحديث

Working office of the President of Russia in the Senate Palace

 المراجع

• Klein, Mina. The Kremlin: Citadel of History. MacMillan Publishing Company (1973). ISBN 0-02-750830-7
• Tropkin, Alexander. The Moscow Kremlin: history of Russia's unique monument. Publishing House "Russkaya Zhizn" (1980). ASIN: B0010XM7BQ

 وصلات خارجية

• Official webpage