هاينرش روزه

(تم التحويل من Heinrich Rose)
Heinrich Rose
Heinrich Rose.jpg
Heinrich Rose
وُلِدَ(1795-08-06)6 أغسطس 1795
Berlin
توفي27 يناير 1864(1864-01-27) (aged 68)
Berlin
الجنسيةGerman
اللقبrediscovered and naming of niobium
الجوائزPour le Mérite (1861)
ForMemRS (1842)
السيرة العلمية
المشرف على الدكتوراهJöns Jakob Berzelius

Heinrich Rose (6 August 1795 – 27 January 1864) was a German mineralogist and analytical chemist. He was the brother of the mineralogist Gustav Rose and a son of Valentin Rose.[1] Rose's early works on phosphorescence were noted in the Quarterly Journal of Science in 1821,[2] and on the strength of these works, he was elected privatdozent at the University of Berlin from 1822, then Professor from 1832.[3]

The mineral columbite
The element niobium

In 1846, Rose rediscovered the chemical element niobium, proving conclusively that it was different from tantalum. This confirmed that Charles Hatchett had discovered niobium in 1801 in columbite ore. Hatchett had named the new element "columbium", from the ore in which niobium and tantalum coexist. The element was eventually assigned the name niobium by the IUPAC in 1950 after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalus in Greek mythology.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

In 1845, Rose published the discovery of a new element pelopium, which he had found in the mineral tantalite.[11] After subsequent research, pelopium was identified to be a mixture of tantalum and niobium.[12]

In 1830, Heinrich Rose was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1860.[13]

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Works


References

  1. ^ Rammelsberg, Karl Friedrich August (1866). "Biographie: Heinrich Rose". Archiv der Pharmazie. 175 (1–2): 1–19. doi:10.1002/ardp.18661750102. S2CID 221449807.
  2. ^ The Quarterly Journal, vol 11, no 22, at p.399. See google books.
  3. ^ Publication list of Heinrich Rose
  4. ^ Rayner-Canham, Geoff; Zheng, Zheng (2008). "Naming elements after scientists: an account of a controversy". Foundations of Chemistry. 10 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1007/s10698-007-9042-1. S2CID 96082444.
  5. ^ Weeks, Mary Elvira (1956). The discovery of the elements (6th ed.). Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education.
  6. ^ Weeks, Mary Elvira (May 1932). "The discovery of the elements. VII. Columbium, tantalum, and vanadium". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (5): 863. Bibcode:1932JChEd...9..863W. doi:10.1021/ed009p863.
  7. ^ Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements: XVI. The rare earth elements". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (10): 1751–1773. Bibcode:1932JChEd...9.1751W. doi:10.1021/ed009p1751.
  8. ^ Marshall, James L.; Marshall, Virginia R. (2013). "Rediscovery of the Elements: Columbium and Tantalum" (PDF). The Hexagon: 20–25. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  9. ^ Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2013). "Rediscovery of the elements: Niobium and Tantalum" (PDF). The Hexagon: 46–51. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  10. ^ Partington, J. R. (June 18, 1964). A History of Chemistry. Vol. 4. London, Toronto, New York: Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-349-00554-3.
  11. ^ Rose, Heinrich (1845). "On two new metals, pelopium and niobium, discovered in the bavarian tantalites". Philosophical Magazine. Series 3. 26 (171): 179–181. doi:10.1080/14786444508562692.
  12. ^ Marignac, M. C. (1866). "Recherches sur les combinaisons du niobium". Annales de chimie et de physique (in الفرنسية). 4 (8): 7–75.
  13. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-01-15.

External links

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