شقراق أوروپي

(تم التحويل من European roller)

شقراق أوروپي
Coracias-garrulus-162.png
التصنيف العلمي edit
أصنوفة غير معروفة (أصلحها): Coracias
Species:
Template:Taxonomy/CoraciasC. garrulus
Binomial name
Template:Taxonomy/CoraciasCoracias garrulus
Subspecies
  • C. g. garrulus
  • C. g. semenowi
Coracias garrulus distr new03.png
Distribution of the European roller      summer C. g. garrulus     summer C. g. semenowi     winter
A ringed bird near Kecskemét, Hungary.

شقراق أوروپي (الاسم العلمي:Coracias garrulus) هو نوع من الطيور يتبع جنس الشقراق من فصيلة الشقراقية[2] [3].

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الوصف

At Hesaraghatta Lake
محلقاً فوق المجر
Museum specimen at the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel, showing the deep blue feathers of the wings.

The European roller is a stocky bird, the size of a jackdaw at 29–32 cm in length with a 52–58 cm wingspan; it is mainly blue with an orange-brown back. Rollers often perch prominently on trees, posts or overhead wires, like giant shrikes, whilst watching for the large insects, small reptiles, rodents and frogs that they eat. The diet of adult Rollers is dominated by Coleoptera, whereas nestlings mostly eat Orthoptera, such as grasshoppers and bush crickets.[4]

This species is striking in its strong direct flight, with the brilliant blue contrasting with black flight feathers. Sexes are similar, but the juvenile is a drabber version of the adult.

The display of this bird is a lapwing-like display, with the twists and turns that give this species its English name. It nests in an unlined tree or cliff hole, and lays up to six eggs.

The call is a harsh crow-like sound. It gives a raucous series of calls when nervous.


الانتشار والموئل

The European roller is a bird of warmer regions. The nominate subspecies breeds in northern Africa from Morocco to Tunisia, in southern and east-central Europe, and eastwards through northwestern Iran to southwestern Siberia. The subspecies C. g. semenowi breeds from Iraq and southern Iran east through Kashmir and southern Kazakhstan to Xinjiang. The European range was formerly more extensive, but there has been a long-term decline in the north and west, with extinction as a nesting bird in Sweden and Germany. The European roller is a long-distance migrant, wintering in Africa south of the Sahara in two distinct regions, from Senegal east to Cameroon and from Ethiopia west (with observations in the Degua Tembien mountains)[5] to Congo and south to South Africa.[6] Some populations migrate to Africa through India. A collision with an aircraft over the Arabian Sea has been recorded.[7][8]

Eggs of Coracias garrulus

انظر أيضاً

مراجع

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Coracias garrulus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22682860A111884908. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22682860A111884908.en.
  2. ^ موقع زيبكودزو (بالإنكليزية) Zipcodezoo شقراق أوروبي تاريخ الولوج 21 أبريل 2013
  3. ^ موقع تاكسونوميكون (بالإنكليزية) Taxonomicon شقراق أوروبي تاريخ الولوج 21 أبريل 2013
  4. ^ Catry, I.; Sampaio, A.; Silva, M.C.; Moreira, F.; Franco, A.M.A.; Catry, T. (2019). "Combining stable isotope analysis and conventional techniques to improve knowledge of the diet of the European Roller Coracias garrulus" (PDF). Ibis. 161 (2): 272–285. doi:10.1111/ibi.12625.
  5. ^ Aerts, R.; Lerouge, F.; November, E. (2019). Birds of forests and open woodlands in the highlands of Dogu'a Tembien. In: Nyssen J., Jacob, M., Frankl, A. (Eds.). Geo-trekking in Ethiopia's Tropical Mountains - The Dogu'a Tembien District. SpringerNature. ISBN 978-3-030-04954-6.
  6. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Fry
  7. ^ Satheesan, S M (1990). "Bird-aircraft collision at an altitude of 2424 m over the sea". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 87 (1): 145–148.
  8. ^ Catry, Inês; Catry, Teresa; Granadeiro, José Pedro; Franco, Aldina M. A.; Moreira, Francisco (25 June 2014). "Unravelling migration routes and wintering grounds of European rollers using light-level geolocators". Journal of Ornithology. 155 (4): 1071–1075. doi:10.1007/s10336-014-1097-x.

وصلات خارجية


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