نمط النصوص القيصري

في النقد النصي للعهد الجديد، نمط النصوص القيصري Caesarean text-type هو المصطلح الذي اقترحه بعض الدارسين لتمييز a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Koine Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types (Byzantine, Western and Alexandrian). In particular a common text-type has been proposed to be found: in the ninth/tenth century Codex Koridethi; in Codex Basilensis A. N. IV. 2 (a Greek manuscript of the Gospels used, sparingly, by Erasmus in his 1516 printed Koine New Testament); and in those Gospel quotations found in the third century works of Origen, which were written after he had settled in Caesarea. The early translations of the Gospels in Armenian and Georgian also appear to witness to many of the proposed characteristic Caesarean readings, as do the small group of minuscule manuscripts classed as Family 1 and Family 13.

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 الوصف

A particularly distinctive common reading of the proposed text-type is in Matthew 27:16-17, where the bandit released by Pontius Pilate instead of Jesus is named as "Jesus Barabbas" rather than — with all other surviving witnesses — just "Barabbas". Origen notes particularly that the form "Jesus Barabbas" was common in manuscripts in Caesarea, whereas he had not found this reading in his previous residence in Alexandria. Otherwise the Caesarean readings have a mildly paraphrastic tendency that seems to place them between the more concise Alexandrian, and the more expansive Western text-types. None of the surviving Caesarean manuscripts is claimed to witness a pure type of text, as all appear to have been to some degree assimilated with readings from the Byzantine text-type.

Some writers have questioned the validity of this grouping, claiming that the classification is the result of poor research. Insofar as the Caesarean text-type does exist (in Matt, Luke and John is not well defined), then it does so only in the Gospels. The proposed Caesarean witnesses do not appear to have any common distinctive readings in the rest of the New Testament. Some of the Caesarean manuscripts have the so-called Jerusalem Colophon.

The Caesarean text-type was discovered and named by Burnett Hillman Streeter in 1924. According to some scholars, it is only a hypothetical text-type (Aland).

There are no pure Caesarean manuscripts. In many cases, it is difficult to decide the original reading of the group, for instance in Mark 1:16:

αμφιβαλλοντας τα δικτυα — ƒ¹³ 565.

αμφιβληστρα βαλλοντας — ƒ¹

αμφιβληστρον βαλλοντας — 700.

βαλλοντας αμφιβληστρον — 28.

 التبويب

H. von Soden — Iota (Jerusalem) (I), in part (most strong "Caesarean" witnesses are found in Soden's I^α group, with family 1 being his I^η and family 13 being I^ι).

Kirsopp Lake, an outstanding British textual critic, developed the hypothesis of the relationship between ƒ¹, ƒ¹³, Θ, 565, 700, and 28. Streeter carried Lake's work another step forward by pointing to Caesarea as the original location of the family.

F. G. Kenyon — Gamma (γ)

M. J. Lagrange — C

 الشهود

Sign	Name	Date	Content
𝔓42	Papyrus 42	7th/8th	fragments Luke 1-2
𝔓45	Papyrus 45	3rd	only in Mark
Θ (038)	Codex Koridethi	9th	Mark
W (032)	Codex Washingtonianus	5th	Mark 5:31—16:20
28.	Minuscule 28	11th	Gospel of Mark
565.	Minuscule 565	9th	Gospels
700.	Minuscule 700	11th	Gospels
1. and rest of ƒ1	Minuscule 1, 118, 131, 209	12th 11th-15th	only Gospels
13. and rest of ƒ13	Minuscule 13, 69, 124, 346	13th 11th-15th	Gospels only Gospels

مخطوطات أخرى

𝔓²⁹, 𝔓³⁸, 𝔓⁴¹, 𝔓⁴⁸, Uncial 0188, 174, 230, 406 (?), 788, 826, 828, 872 (only in Mark), 1071, 1275, 1424 (only in Mark), 1604, 2437, ℓ 32.

 السمات النصية

(الشهود القيصرية البادية بالبنط العريض)

Matthew 8:13

It has additional text: και υποστρεψας ο εκατονταρχος εις τον οικον αυτου εν αυτη τη ωρα ευρεν τον παιδα υγιαινοντα (and when the centurion returned to the house in that hour, he found the slave well) as well as codices א, C, (N), Θ, (0250), ƒ¹, (33., 1241.), g¹, syr^h.

Matthew 13:35

δια Ησαιου – Θ ƒ¹ ƒ¹³ 33.

δια — majority of mss

Matthew 20:23

και το βαπτισμα ο εγω βαπτιζομαι βαπτισθησεσθε (and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with) [Matching MT and TR]

omitted — א B D L Z Θ 085 ƒ¹ ƒ¹³ it syr^{s, c} sa

Matthew 27:16-17

Ιησουν τον Βαραββαν — Θ ƒ¹ 700.* syr^{s, pal} arm geo

τον Βαραββαν — majority of mss

Mark 8:14

ενα μονον αρτον εχοντες — 𝔓⁴⁵ Θ ƒ¹ 565. 700 k sa

omit — all other mss

Mark 8:15

των Ηρωδιανων — 𝔓⁴⁵ W Θ ƒ¹ ƒ¹³ 28. 565. 1365. itⁱ it^k cop^sa arm geo

Ηρωδου — majority of mss

Mark 8:17

εν ταις καρδιαις υμων, ολιγοπιστοι — Θ 28. 565. 700. pc syr^h

Mark 9:29

προσευχη και νηστεια — 𝔓⁴⁵ A C D L W Θ Ψ ƒ¹ ƒ¹³ Byz [Matching MT and TR]

προσευχη — א B 0274 k

Mark 10:19

μη αποστερησης — א A B² C D X Θ 565. 892. 1009. 1071. 1195. 1216. 1230. 1241 1253. 1344. 1365. 1646. 2174. Byz Lect

omitted — B* K W Δ Ψ ƒ¹ ƒ¹³ 28 700 1010. 1079. 1242. 1546. 2148. ℓ 10 ℓ 950 ℓ 1642 ℓ 1761 syr^s arm geo

Mark 12:1

ανθρωπος τις εφυτευσεν αμπελωνα — W Θ ƒ¹³ 565 it^aur it^c

αμπελωνα ανθρωπος εφυτευσεν — א Β C Δ Ψ 33. 1424.

Mark 12:7

θεασαμενοι αυτον ερχομενον ειπαν προς εαυτους — Θ 565. 700. c

θεασαμενοι αυτον ερχομενον ειπον — N ƒ¹³ 28.

προς εαυτους ειπαν οτι — א Β C L W' Ψ 33. 892.

ειπαν προς εαυτους — D

ειπον προς εαυτους οτι — A Byz

Mark 13:6

λέγοντες ὅτι Ἐγώ ο Xρηστός — W Θ ƒ¹³ 28 61. 115. 255. 299. 565. 700. 1071. b c g² l vg^mss sa bo geo^b arm arab^ms Cyp

λέγοντες ὅτι Ἐγώ εἰμι — Byz

 انظر أيضاً

أنماط نصوص أخرى

• نمط النصوص السكندري Alexandrian text-type
• نمط النصوص الغربي Western text-type
• نمط النصوص البيزنطي Byzantine text-type

مجموعات جزئية من نمط النصوص القيصري

• Family 1
• Family 13

 المصادر

• Burnett Hillman Streeter, The Four Gospels. A study of origins the manuscript traditions, sources, authorship, & dates, Oxford 1924, pp. 77-107.
• Bruce M. Metzger, The Caesarean Text of the Gospels, JBL, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec., 1945), pp. 457-489.
• Bruce M. Metzger and Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration (4th edition, 2005), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-507297-9, p. 310–312.
• Hurtado L. W., Text-Critical Methodology and the Pre-Caesarean Text: Codex W in the Gospel of Mark, S & D XLIII (Grand Rapids 1981).

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 وصلات خارجية

• Text Types And Textual Kinship – from the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
• Concerning the "Caesarean Text"
• Origins of the Caesarean text