وثيقة حقوق 1689

وثيقة الحقوق
The Bill of Rights
وثيقة الحقوق ; The Bill of Rights
تأسست	1689
المكان	الأرشيف البرلماني
المؤلفون	برلمان إنگلترة
الغرض	التأكيد على حقوق البرلمان والأفراد، وضمان سيادة سياسية للپروتستانت

وثيقة الحقوق^{[nb 1]}
	پرلمان إنگلترة
Long title	An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown.
Citation	1 William & Mary Sess 2 c 2
Dates
Royal Assent	16 December 1689
Commencement	1689
Status: Amended
Revised text of statute as amended

وثيقة حقوق 1689 Bill of Rights 1689 هي landmark Act in the constitutional law of إنگلترة that sets out certain basic civil rights and clarifies who would be next to inherit the Crown. It received the Royal Assent on 16 December 1689 and is a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Right presented by the Convention Parliament to William III and Mary II in February 1689, inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England. The Bill of Rights lays down limits on the powers of the monarch and sets out the rights of Parliament, including the requirement for regular parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech in Parliament.^[2] It sets out certain rights of individuals including the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment and reestablished the right of Protestants to have arms for their defence within the rule of law. It also includes no right of taxation without Parliament’s agreement. Furthermore, the Bill of Rights described and condemned several misdeeds of James II of England.^[3]

These ideas reflected those of the political thinker John Locke and they quickly became popular in England.^[4] It also sets out – or, in the view of its drafters, restates – certain constitutional requirements of the Crown to seek the consent of the people, as represented in Parliament.^[3]^[5]

في المملكة المتحدة، فإن وثيقة الحقوق عززها الماگنا كارتا، و Petition of Right, the Habeas Corpus Act 1679 and the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949 as some of the basic documents of the uncodified British constitution. A separate but similar document, the Claim of Right Act 1689, applies in Scotland. The Bill of Rights 1689 was one of the models for the وثيقة الحقوق في الولايات المتحدة في 1789، و إعلان الأمم المتحدة لحقوق الإنسان في 1948 والاتفاقية الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان في 1950.^[2]

Along with the Act of Settlement 1701, the Bill of Rights is still in effect in all Commonwealth realms. Following the Perth Agreement in 2011, legislation amending both of them came into effect across the Commonwealth realms on 26 March 2015.

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إعلان الحق

نقش من القرن 18، مبني على رسم من صاموِل ويل، لتقديم وثيقة الحقوق إلى وليام الثالث وماري الثانية

انظر أيضاً

ملاحظات

^ القانون يُذـَر كالتالي "وثيقة الحقوق" في المملكة المتحدة، as authorised by section 1 of, and the First Schedule to, the Short Titles Act 1896. Owing to the repeal of those provisions, it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978. في جمهورية أيرلندا، فإن يُذكر بإسم "وثيقة الحقوق 1688"، as authorised by section 1 of, and the First Schedule to, the Short Titles Act 1896 (as amended by section 5(a) of the Statute Law Revision Act 2007). العنوان القصير للقانون كان في السابق "The Bill of Rights".^[1]

المراجع

^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة legisgovnX1
^ ^أ ^ب "Bill of Rights 1689". Parliament UK. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
^ ^أ ^ب The key landmark is the Bill of Rights (1689), which established the supremacy of Parliament over the Crown. ... The Bill of Rights (1689) then settled the primacy of Parliament over the monarch’s prerogatives, providing for the regular meeting of Parliament, free elections to the Commons, free speech in parliamentary debates, and some basic human rights, most famously freedom from ‘cruel or unusual punishment’. "Britain's unwritten constitution". British Library. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
^ Schwoerer 1990, pp. 531–548.
^ Maurice Adams; Anne Meuwese; Ernst Hirsch Ballin (2017). Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law: Bridging Idealism and Realism. Cambridge University Press. p. 97. ISBN 9781316883259 – via Google Books.

ببليوگرافيا

Anon. (2010). "The Glorious Revolution". Factsheet General Series. G4. House of Commons Information Office. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Billias, George Athan (2011). American constitutionalism heard round the world, 1776-1989: A global perspective. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 9780814725177 – via Google Books. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Blick, Andrew. "Magna Carta and contemporary constitutional change". History and Policy.
Carpenter, Edward (1956). The Protestant Bishop. Being the Life of Henry Compton, 1632–1713. Bishop of London. London: Longmans, Green and Company. OCLC 1919768. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Horwitz, Henry (1977). Parliament, Policy and Politics in the Reign of William III. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-0661-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Lock, Geoffrey (1989). "The 1689 Bill of Rights". Political Studies. 37 (4): 540–561. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.1989.tb00288.x. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Maier, Pauline (1997). American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-45492-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Schwoerer, Lois G. (1990). "Locke, Lockean Ideas, and the Glorious Revolution". Journal of the History of Ideas. 51 (4): 531–548. JSTOR 2709645. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Thatcher, Oliver Joseph, ed. (1907). The library of original sources. University Research Extension. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Walker, Aileen; Gay, Oonagh; Maer, Lucinda (2009). "Bill of Rights 1689". House of Commons Library. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Williams, E. N. (1960). The Eighteenth-Century Constitution. 1688–1815. Cambridge University Press. OCLC 1146699. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

وصلات خارجية

اقرأ نصاً ذا علاقة في

وثيقة حقوق 1689

Text of the Bill of Rights Yale Law School Law Library
قالب:UK-LEG
"The Parliamentary Archives". holds the original document

قالب:Succession to the British throne

قالب:Constitution of Canada

الكلمات الدالة:

[2] القانون يُذـَر كالتالي "وثيقة الحقوق" في المملكة المتحدة، as authorised by section 1 of, and the First Schedule to, the Short Titles Act 1896. Owing to the repeal of those provisions, it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978. في جمهورية أيرلندا، فإن يُذكر بإسم "وثيقة الحقوق 1688"، as authorised by section 1 of, and the First Schedule to, the Short Titles Act 1896 (as amended by section 5(a) of the Statute Law Revision Act 2007). العنوان القصير للقانون كان في السابق "The Bill of Rights".^[1]

[legisgovnX1-1] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة legisgovnX1

[ParliamentUK-3] أ ^ب "Bill of Rights 1689". Parliament UK. Retrieved April 30, 2019.

[British_Library-4] أ ^ب The key landmark is the Bill of Rights (1689), which established the supremacy of Parliament over the Crown. ... The Bill of Rights (1689) then settled the primacy of Parliament over the monarch’s prerogatives, providing for the regular meeting of Parliament, free elections to the Commons, free speech in parliamentary debates, and some basic human rights, most famously freedom from ‘cruel or unusual punishment’. "Britain's unwritten constitution". British Library. Retrieved 27 November 2015.

[FOOTNOTESchwoerer1990531–548-5] Schwoerer 1990, pp. 531–548.

[6] Maurice Adams; Anne Meuwese; Ernst Hirsch Ballin (2017). Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law: Bridging Idealism and Realism. Cambridge University Press. p. 97. ISBN 9781316883259 – via Google Books.

[nb 1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[1]

v t e تشريع المملكة المتحدة
Pre-Parliamentary legislation	List of English statutes
قوانين برلمان by states preceding the Kingdom of Great Britain	Acts of the Parliament of England to 1483 • 1485–1601 • 1603–1641 • Interregnum (1642–1660) • 1660–1699 • 1700–1706 قوانين برلمان أيسلندة حتى قوانين برلمان أيرلندة حتى 1700 • 1701–1800
قوانين برلمان مملكة بريطانيا العظمى	1707–1719 • 1720–1739 • 1740–1759 • 1760–1779 • 1780–1800
قوانين برلمان المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندة و المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندة الشمالية	1801–1819 • 1820–1839 • 1840–1859 • 1860–1879 • 1880–1899 • 1900–1919 • 1920–1939 • 1940–1959 • 1960–1979 • 1980–1999 • 2000-الآن
معايير كنيسة إنگلترة	قائمة • Church of England Assembly (Powers) Act 1919
Legislation of devolved institutions	Acts of the Scottish Parliament Acts and Measures of the Welsh Assembly Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly / of the Northern Ireland Parliament Orders in Council for Northern Ireland
Secondary legislation	United Kingdom Statutory Instruments · Scottish Statutory Instruments · Act of Sederunt