هالوألكان

Tetrafluoroethane (a haloalkane) is a colorless liquid that boils well below room temperature (as seen here) and can be extracted from common canned air canisters by simply inverting them during use.

الهالوألكانات haloalkanes، هي مجموعة مركبات كيميائية تحضر من الألكانات وتحتوي على سلسلة أو أكثر من الهالوجين. They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons, although the distinction is not often made. Haloalkanes are widely used commercially and, consequently, are known under many chemical and commercial names. They are used as flame retardants, fire extinguishants, refrigerants, propellants, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. Subsequent to the widespread use in commerce, many halocarbons have also been shown to be serious pollutants and toxins. For example, the chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to lead to ozone depletion. Methyl bromide is a controversial fumigant. Only haloalkanes which contain chlorine, bromine, and iodine are a threat to the ozone layer, but fluorinated volatile haloalkanes in theory may have activity as greenhouse gases. Methyl iodide, a naturally occurring substance, however, does not have ozone-depleting properties and the United States Environmental Protection Agency has designated the compound a non-ozone layer depleter. For more information, see Halon.

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 الإنتاج

 من الألكانات

المقالة الرئيسية: Free radical halogenation

 التفاعلات

 Elimination

المقالة الرئيسية: Dehydrohalogenation

 انظر ايضا

• Halogenation
• Halomethane
• Halogenoarene

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