فلورنس نايتنغيل
فلورنس نايتنگيل | |
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Florence Nightingale | |
![]() Nightingale, ح. 1860 | |
وُلِدَ | |
توفي | 13 أغسطس 1910 | (aged 90)
اللقب |
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الجوائز |
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السيرة العلمية | |
المجالات | Hospital hygiene and sanitation |
الهيئات | |
Recorded to wax cylinder on 30 July 1890, to raise money for veterans of the Charge of the Light Brigade.[2][3] | |
التوقيع | |
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فلورنس نايتينجيل إنگليزية: Florence Nightingale م (12 مايو 1820 - 1910) كانت رائدة التمريض الحديث تعرف باسم "سيدة المصباح" أو "السيدة حاملة المصباح" . ممرضة بريطانية خلال حرب القرم فيما بين 1854 و1856، رائدة التمريض الحديث.
Recent commentators have asserted that Nightingale's Crimean War achievements were exaggerated by the media at the time, but critics agree on the importance of her later work in professionalising nursing roles for women.[4] In 1860, she laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London. It was the first secular nursing school in the world and is now part of King's College London.[5] In recognition of her pioneering work in nursing, the Nightingale Pledge taken by new nurses, and the Florence Nightingale Medal, the highest international distinction a nurse can achieve, were named in her honour, and the annual International Nurses Day is celebrated on her birthday. Her social reforms included improving healthcare for all sections of British society, advocating better hunger relief in India, helping to abolish prostitution laws that were harsh for women, and expanding the acceptable forms of female participation in the workforce.
Nightingale was a pioneer in statistics; she represented her analysis in graphical forms to ease drawing conclusions and actionables from data. She is famous for usage of the polar area diagram, also called the Nightingale rose diagram, equivalent to a modern circular histogram. This diagram is still regularly used in data visualisation.
Nightingale was a prodigious and versatile writer. In her lifetime, much of her published work was concerned with spreading medical knowledge. Some of her tracts were written in simple English so that they could easily be understood by those with poor literary skills. She was also a pioneer in data visualisation with the use of infographics, using graphical presentations of statistical data in an effective way.[4] Much of her writing, including her extensive work on religion and mysticism, has only been published posthumously.
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أعمال فلورنس نايتينجيل
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ولدت فلورنس نايتينجيل في بلدة فلورنسا بإيطاليا عام 1820 م وكانت من عائلة غنية تؤمن بتعليم المرأة[6] وتعتبر نايتينجيل على نطاق واسع مؤسسة التمريض الحديث .
في عام 1851 تعلمت التمريض في مدرسة الكايزروارت وكانت تؤمن بأهمية وضرورة وضع برامج لتعليم التمريض وبرامج لتدريس آداب المهنة وأن تكون هذه البرامج في أيدي نساء مدربات وعلى أخلاق عالية يتحلين بالصفات الحميدة.
اهتمت فلورنس بالنظافة وقواعد التطهير، و بتمريض الصحة العامة في المجتمع و تعتبر أول من وضع قواعد للتمريض الحديث و أسس لتعليم التمريض و وضعت مستويات للخدمات التمريضية والخدمات الإدارية في المستشفيات.
سيرتها
حرب القرم
تطوعت فلورانس نايتينجيل في حرب القرم عام 1854 وقامت بتمريض الجنود في الجيش، ونتيجة لمجهوداتها في الحرب تبرع لها الشعب الإنكليزي بالنقود لتنشئ مدرسة لتعليم الممرضات في مستشفى سان توماس St.Thomas’s Hospital بإنجلترا وكانت فلورانس تنتقى طالباتها بدقة، ومنذ إنشاء مدرسة فلورانس نايتينجيل اعتبر التمريض مهنة* يجب التدريب عليها ووضع خطة تعليمية لها، وكذلك اعتبرت أن التمريض فن وأن الممرضات لا يتعاملن مع رخام أو حجارة ولكنهن يتعاملن مع آدميين أحياء لهم احتياجات ولهم شخصيات وطباع مستقلة وكان من ضمن عباراتها عن التمريض "أن التمريض يمرض أجساما حية وأرواح"
ساهمت حرب القرم أيضاً في ميلاد ما عُرف فيما بعد بمنظمة الصليب الأحمر الدولي، فقد نشأت هذه المنظمة الإنسانية من وحي ما قامت به الممرضة الإنجليزية "فلورنس نايتينجيل" من أعمال إنسانية خلال هذه الحرب كمتطوعة لتضميد جراح الأسرى والمصابين من المقاتلين[7].
السيدة حاملة المصباح
أُطلق عليها لقب "السيدة حاملة المصباح"، لأنها كانت تخرج في ظلام الليل إلى ميادين القتال، وهي تحمل مصباحاً بيدها، للبحث عن الجرحى والمصابين لإسعافهم، ولم يكن ما لقيته هذه السيدة العظيمة من المعاملة على يد العسكريين بأحسن حال مما لقيه منهم المراسلون الحربيون.[8]
كتاب «رسائل من مصر»
كتبته فلورانس نايتنجيل، الكاتبة المشهورة التي قامت بزيارة مصر وبلاد النوبة عام 1849 عندما كان عمرها 29 عاماً، وبعد وفاتها قامت شقيقتها بنشر الرسائل التي كانت ترسلها «فلورنس» في كتاب. هذا الكتاب وضح ما رأته وعايشته الكاتبة في بلاد النوبة والعادات والتقاليد والحضارة والثقافة التي كانت سائدة في تلك المنطقة لآلاف السنين.
جائزة نايتينجيل
اسست اللجنة الدولية للصليب الاحمر جائزة نايتينجيل، وهى أعلى تكريم في التمريض الدولى، عام 1912. وتقدم الجائزة كل عامين. [9]
اسهاماتها
احصائيات
ذكراها
التمريض
Nightingale's lasting contribution has been her role in founding the modern nursing profession.[10] She set an example of compassion, commitment to patient care and diligent and thoughtful hospital administration. The first official nurses' training programme, her Nightingale School for Nurses, opened in 1860 and is now called the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery at King's College London.[11]
In 1912, the International Committee of the Red Cross instituted the Florence Nightingale Medal, which is awarded every two years to nurses or nursing aides for outstanding service.[12] It is the highest international distinction a nurse can achieve and is awarded to nurses or nursing aides for "exceptional courage and devotion to the wounded, sick or disabled or to civilian victims of a conflict or disaster" or "exemplary services or a creative and pioneering spirit in the areas of public health or nursing education".[13] Since 1965, International Nurses Day has been celebrated on her birthday (12 May) each year.[14] The President of India honours nursing professionals with the "National Florence Nightingale Award" every year on International Nurses Day.[15] The award, established in 1973, is given in recognition of meritorious services of nursing professionals characterised by devotion, sincerity, dedication and compassion.[15]
The Nightingale Pledge is a modified version of the Hippocratic Oath which nurses recite at their pinning ceremony at the end of training. Created in 1893 and named after Nightingale as the founder of modern nursing, the pledge is a statement of the ethics and principles of the nursing profession.[16]
The Florence Nightingale Declaration Campaign,[17] established by nursing leaders throughout the world through the Nightingale Initiative for Global Health (NIGH), aims to build a global grassroots movement to achieve two United Nations Resolutions for adoption by the UN General Assembly of 2008. They will declare: The International Year of the Nurse–2010 (the centenary of Nightingale's death); The UN Decade for a Healthy World – 2011 to 2020 (the bicentenary of Nightingale's birth). NIGH also works to rekindle awareness about the important issues highlighted by Florence Nightingale, such as preventive medicine and holistic health. As of 2016, the Florence Nightingale Declaration has been signed by over 25,000 signatories from 106 countries.[18]
During the Vietnam War, Nightingale inspired many US Army nurses, sparking a renewal of interest in her life and work. Her admirers include Country Joe of Country Joe and the Fish, who has assembled an extensive website in her honour.[19] The Agostino Gemelli Medical School[20] in Rome, the first university-based hospital in Italy and one of its most respected medical centres, honoured Nightingale's contribution to the nursing profession by giving the name "Bedside Florence" to a wireless computer system it developed to assist nursing.[21]
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متاحف وتماثيل
A statue of Florence Nightingale stands in Waterloo Place, Westminster, لندن, just off The Mall.
وصف نايتينجيل للممرضة
وصفت فلورنس نايتينجيل الممرضة في مذكراتها بالصفات التالية
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معرض صور
A tinted lithograph by William Simpson illustrating evacuation of the sick and injured from Balaklava
Picture of Nightingale in The Illustrated London News, 24 February 1855
A ward of the hospital at Scutari where Nightingale worked, from an 1856 lithograph by William Simpson
Nightingale's moccasins that she wore in the Crimean War (the other items are not hers)
Florence Nightingale exhibit at Malvern Museum, England, 2010
Nightingale's medals displayed in the National Army Museum
Memorial to Nightingale, Church of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
جزء من سلسلة حول |
النسوية |
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انظر أيضا
- تاريخ النسوية
- Mary Seacole
- Crimean War Memorial
- Licensed practical nurse
- List of suffragists and suffragettes
- Nightingale's environmental theory
- تمريض
- Nursing process
- Registered Nurse
- Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
أعمال
- Cassandra (1851)
- Notes on Nursing: What Nursing Is, What Nursing is Not (1860)
- Suggestions for Thought (to Searchers after Religious Truth)
- Mysticism and Eastern Religions
- Florence Nightingale's Theology
- Florence Nightingale's Spiritual Journey
- The Family, a critical essay in Fraser's Magazine (1870)
- Una and Her Paupers, Memorials of Agnes Elizabeth Jones with an introduction by Florence Nightingale. Diggory Press ISBN 978-1905363223
- Letters from Egypt: A Journey on the Nile 1849-1850 (1987) ISBN 1-55584-204-6
المراجع
- Baly, Monica E. and H. C. G. Matthew, "Nightingale, Florence (1820–1910)"; Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press (2004); online edn, May 2005 accessed 28 October 2006
- Bostridge, Mark (2008). Florence Nightingale: The Woman and Her Legend. London: Viking. ISBN 9780670874118.
- McDonald, Lynn ed., Collected Works of Florence Nightingale. Wilfrid Laurier University Press
- Pugh, Martin; The march of the women: A revisionist analysis of the campaign for women's suffrage 1866-1914, Oxford (2000), at 55.
- Sokoloff, Nancy Boyd.; Three Victorian women who changed their world, Macmillan, London (1982)
- Webb, Val; The Making of a Radical Theologician, Chalice Press (2002)
- Woodham Smith, Cecil; Florence Nightingale, Penguin (1951), rev. 1955
وصلات لا علاقة لها بالموضوع
http://www.taybe.org/lofiversion/index.php/ http://www.aawsat.com/details.asp?section=5&article=65191&issueno=8379
http://www.ucalgary-qatar.ca/FN http://www.nufooz.com/ar/science-and-tech/health/health-nurse-day.html
المصادر
- ^ "Florence Nightingale". King's College London. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ^ "Florence Nightingale 2nd rendition, 1890 – greetings to the dear old comrades of Balaclava". Internet Archive. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
- ^ Buhnemann, Kristin (17 February 2020). "Florence Nightingale's Voice, 1890". florence-nightingale.co.uk. Florence Nightingale Museum London. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
- ^ أ ب ت Bostridge, Mark (17 February 2011). "Florence Nightingale: the Lady with the Lamp". BBC. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- ^ Petroni, A (1969). "The first nursing school in the world—St. Thomas Hospital School in London". Munca Sanit. 17 (8): 449–454. PMID 5195090.
- ^ Tabebak
- ^ KKMAQ
- ^ KKMAQ
- ^ hyconference
- ^ Hardy, Susan; Corones, Anthony (2017). "The Nurse's Uniform as Ethopoietic Fashion". Fashion Theory. 21 (5): 523–552. doi:10.1080/1362704X.2016.1203090. S2CID 192947666.
- ^ "Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery: About the School: History". www.kcl.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "Medals and Badges: Florence Nightingale Medal". British Red Cross. Archived from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ "Florence Nightingale Medal". International Committee of the Red Cross. 2003. Archived from the original on 1 July 2009. Retrieved 25 June 2010.
- ^ "2016 – Nurses: A Force for Change: Improving health systems' resilience". www.icn.ch. Archived from the original on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ أ ب "President gives Florence Nightingale Awards to 35 nurses". Times of India. 13 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ Crathern, Alice Tarbell (1953). "For the Sick". In Detroit Courage Was the Fashion: The Contribution of Women to the Development of Detroit from 1701 to 1951. Wayne University Press. pp. 80–81. ISBN 9780598268259. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
- ^ "Florence Nightingale Declaration Campaign". Nightingaledeclaration.net. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Nightingale Declaration for A Healthy World". Nigh vision. 13 May 2016. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "Country Joe McDonald's tribute to Florence Nightingale". Countryjoe.com. Archived from the original on 31 August 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore – The Rome Campus". .unicatt.it. Archived from the original on 9 September 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Cacace, Filippo et. al. "The impact of innovation in medical and nursing training: a Hospital Information System for Students accessible through mobile devices"" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
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قراءات إضافية
- Julie Rehmeyer (11-26-2008). "Florence Nightingale: The Passionate Statistician". Science News. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
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(help) - Richards, Linda (2006). America's First Trained Nurse: My Life as a Nurse in America, Great Britain and Japan 1872-1911. Diggory Press. ISBN 9781846850684.
- Strachey, Lytton (1918). Eminent Victorians.
- Davey, Cyril J. (1958). Lady with a Lamp. Lutterworth Press. ISBN 9780718826413.
- Edward Chaney, 'Egypt in England and America: The Cultural Memorials of Religion, Royalty and Revolution', in: Sites of Exchange: European Crossroads and Faultlines, eds. M. Ascari and A. Corrado (Rodopi, Amsterdam and New York,2006), 39-74.
وصلات خارجية
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- Eminent Victorians: Florence Nightingale by Lytton Strachey
- Florence Nightingale Declaration Campaign for Global Health established by the Nightingale Initiative for Global Health (NIGH)
- أعمال من Florence Nightingale في مشروع گوتنبرگ
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "فلورنس نايتنغيل", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
- Animated Hero Classics: Florence Nightingale (1993) في قاعدة بيانات الأفلام الإنترنتية
- 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica article
- Florence Nightingale at American Statistical Association: Statisticians in History
- Florence Nightingale Museum
- "New photo of 'Lady of the Lamp'". BBC News. 2006-08-06. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- Correspondence between Nightingale and Benjamin Jowett
- Gay Great - Florence Nightingale
- University of Guelph: Collected Works of Florence Nightingale project
- Archival material relating to فلورنس نايتنغيل listed at the UK National Register of Archives
- Florence Nightingale recording in aid of the Light Brigade Relief Fund, 1890, London
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- مواليد 1820
- وفيات 1910
- فلورنس نايتنگيل
- ممرضات انجليز
- نساء قديسات
- إنجليز من حرب القرم
- ممرضات زمن الحرب
- English statisticians
- أشخاص من فلورنسا
- أشخاص من دربيشاير
- English Christian Universalists
- نساء العصر الڤكتوري
- People associated with King's College London
- أعضاء مرتبة الاستحقاق
- أعشاء الصليب الأحمر الملكي
- أشخاص على أوراق النقد البريطانية
- تمريض
- بريطانيون