سان-تروپيه
Saint-Tropez | |
|---|---|
 Panoramic view of Saint-Tropez | |
 Flag .svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Saint-Tropez  | |
  Saint-Tropez  Saint-Tropez | |
| الإحداثيات: 43°16′24″N 6°38′23″E / 43.273296°N 6.639621°E | |
| البلد | فرنسا |
| المنطقة | پروڤنس-ألپ-كوت دازور |
| الإقليم | Var |
| الدائرة | Draguignan |
| الكانتون | Sainte-Maxime |
| الحكومة | |
| • العمدة (2014–) | Jean-Pierre Tuveri |
| المساحة 1 | 15٫18 كم² (5٫86 ميل²) |
| التعداد (2006) | 5٬612 |
| • الكثافة | 370/km2 (960/sq mi) |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/الرمز البريدي | 83119 /83990 |
| المنسوب | 0–113 m (0–371 ft) (avg. 15 m or 49 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
سان-تروپيه (Saint-Tropez ؛ النطق الفرنسي: [sɛ̃tʁɔpe]؛ Sant-Troupès في لهجة پروڤنسال) هي بلدة على بعد 100 كم غرب نيس، في ڤار إقليم پروڤنس-ألپ-كوت دازور منطقة جنوب شرق فرنسا. كما أنها البلدة الرئيسية في كانتون سان-تروپيه.
Saint-Tropez is located on the الريڤييرا الفرنسية. It was a military stronghold and an unassuming fishing village until the beginning of the 20th century. It was the first town on this coast to be liberated during World War II (as part of Operation Dragoon). After the war, it became an internationally known seaside resort, renowned principally because of the influx of artists of the French New Wave in cinema and the Yé-yé movement in music. It later became a resort for the European and American jet set and a goal for tourists in search of a little Provençal authenticity and an occasional celebrity sighting.
The inhabitants of Saint-Tropez are called Tropéziens[1] (النطق الفرنسي: [tʁɔpeˈzjɛ̃]), and the town is familiarly called St-Trop (النطق الفرنسي: [sɛ̃ˈtʁɔp]).
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التاريخ
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في 599 ق.م.، قام أهالي فوكايا بتأسيس "ماسيليا" (التي هي اليوم: مارسيليا) وأسسوا مراسي أخرى في المنطقة. وفي 31 ق.م.، غزا الرومان المنطقة. Their citizens built many opulent villas in the area, including one known as the "Villa des Platanes" (Villa of the Plane trees). The first name given to the village which became Saint-Tropez was Heraclea-Caccaliera, and the mouth of its gulf was named the Issambres.
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المناخ
Saint-Tropez has a hot-summer mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot summers, although daytime temperatures are somewhat moderated by its coastal position.
| Climate data for سان-تروبيه | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.1 (53.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
27 (81) |
27.3 (81.1) |
24.3 (75.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13 (55) |
18.8 (65.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
11 (52) |
13.2 (55.8) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20 (68) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.4 (74.1) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.1 (62.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.5 (43.7) |
6.6 (43.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
9.8 (49.6) |
13 (55) |
16.5 (61.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
14.1 (57.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
7.5 (45.5) |
6 (43) |
12.3 (54.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 82.4 (3.24) |
82.8 (3.26) |
64.7 (2.55) |
53.2 (2.09) |
40.1 (1.58) |
25.7 (1.01) |
15.5 (0.61) |
27.8 (1.09) |
57.0 (2.24) |
104.9 (4.13) |
85.7 (3.37) |
72.2 (2.84) |
711.8 (28.02) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 147.8 | 148.9 | 203.2 | 252.1 | 234.9 | 280.6 | 310.3 | 355.5 | 319.5 | 247.0 | 201.5 | 145.5 | 2٬748٫1 |
| Source: Climatologie mensuelle à la station de Cap Camarat.[2] | |||||||||||||
الاقتصاد
The main economic resource of Saint-Tropez is tourism. The city is well known for the Hôtel Byblos and for Les Caves du Roy, a member of the Leading Hotels of the World, whose inauguration with Brigitte Bardot and Gunter Sachs in 1967 was an international event.
الشواطئ
العري النصفي والكلي
In June, 1964, Austrian-American fashion designer Rudi Gernreich introduced a topless swimsuit called the monokini that generated a great deal of controversy in the United States and internationally. During Gernrich's youth, some Austrians advocated nude exercising, which gave him this fashion idea.[3] The Vatican denounced the swimsuit, and L'Osservatore Romano said the "industrial-erotic adventure" of the topless bathing suit "negates moral sense."[4] In Italy and Spain the church warned against the topless fashion.[5] At Saint-Tropez, the mayor ordered police to ban toplessness and to watch over the beach via helicopter.[6]
During the 1960s, the monokini influenced the sexual revolution by emphasizing a woman's personal freedom of dress, even if her attire was provocative and exposed more skin than had been the norm during the more conservative 1950s.[6] Quickly renamed a "topless swimsuit",[6] the design was never successful in the United States, although the issue of allowing both genders equal exposure above the waist has been raised as a feminist issue from time to time.[7] In Saint Tropez, Tahiti beach, which had been popularised in the film And God Created Woman featuring Brigitte Bardot, emerged as a clothing-optional destination.[8] The "clothing fights" between the gendarmerie and nudists become the main topic of a famous French comedy film series Le gendarme de Saint-Tropez (The Troops of St. Tropez) featuring Louis de Funès, but in the end the nudist side prevailed.[9] Topless sunbathing is now the norm for both men and women from Pampelonne beaches to yachts in the centre of Saint-Tropez port.[10] The Tahiti beach is now clothing optional, but nudists often head to private nudist beaches, like that in Cap d'Agde.[11]
الميناء
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The port was widely used during the 18th century; in 1789 it was visited by 80 ships. Saint-Tropez's shipyards built tartanes and three-masted ships that could carry 1,000 to 12,200 barrels. The town was the site of various associated trades, including fishing, cork, wine, and wood. The town had a school of hydrography. In 1860 the floret of the merchant marine, named "The Queen of the Angels" (a three-masted ship of 740 barrels capacity), visited the port.
البنية التحتية
النقل من وإلى سان-تروپيه
بحراً
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الثقافة والتعليم والرياضة
The town has health facilities, a cinema, a library, an outdoor center and a recreation center for youth.[12]
العلاقات الدولية
سان-تروپيه متوأمة مع:
- Vittoriosa, Malta[13][14]
مشاهير مرتبطون بسان-تروبيه
Saint Torpes of Pisa
Portrait of Hasekura Tsunenaga
Brigitte Bardot at Saint-Tropez, 1963
Louis de Funès during filming
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معرض صور
Cannons of the Citadel
Tour Jarlier
Luxury boats
Harbour promenade with cafes
![Old gendarmerie station; popular spot for photographs[15] (cf. Le Gendarme de Saint-Tropez)](/w/images/thumb/6/6a/St._Tropez_-_alte_Gendarmeriestation.jpg/120px-St._Tropez_-_alte_Gendarmeriestation.jpg)
Old gendarmerie station; popular spot for photographs[15] (cf. Le Gendarme de Saint-Tropez)
Tarte Tropézienne ("Tropezian pie")
![Old gendarmerie station; popular spot for photographs[15] (cf. Le Gendarme de Saint-Tropez)](/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81:St._Tropez_-_alte_Gendarmeriestation.jpg)
الهامش
- ^ gentilé sur le site habitants.fr Consulté le 18 May 2008.
- ^ Normes et records 1961–1990 Ramatuelle – Cap Camarat (83)
- ^ Bay, Cody (16 June 2010). "The Story Behind the Lines". Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ Smith, Liz (18 January 1965). "The Nudity Cult". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- ^ Thesander, Marianne (1997). The Feminine Ideal (first ed.). London: Reaktion Books. p. 187. ISBN 1861890044.
- ^ أ ب ت Smith Allyn, David (2001). Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History. Taylor & Francis. pp. 23–29. ISBN 0-415-92942-3.
- ^ Suzy Menkes, "Runways: Remembrance of Thongs Past", The New York Times, 1993-07-18
- ^ http://goeurope.about.com/od/nudebeaches/a/nude_beaches.htm
- ^ "Top 10: Eye Candy Beaches". Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- ^ Williams, Zoe; Moorhead, Joanna (23 July 2009). "Should you go topless – or not?". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- ^ Velton, Ross. "The Naked Truth About Cap d'Agde". Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- ^ http://www.saint-tropez.fr/MaMairie/Pr%C3%A9sentationdesservicesmunicipaux/tabid/163/Default.aspx
- ^ "Vittoriosa twins with St Tropez". The Times of Malta. TimesofMalta.com. 2012-10-30. Retrieved 2013-08-01.
- ^ Jumelage entre Vittoriosa et Saint Tropez (بالفرنسية)
- ^ http://www.frenchfriends.info/french-riviera/saint-tropez
وصلات خارجية
- City Administration Saint-Tropez
- Office of tourism of Saint-Tropez
- Phonebook of Saint-Tropez
- Saint-Tropez Web Radio
- Saint-Tropez Online Guide
- Touristic Site of Saint-Tropez
- Actualité Saint Tropez
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- بلدات ڤار (إقليم)
- الريڤييرا الفرنسية
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