توهيتيا پاكي

(تم التحويل من توهيتيا پاكي)
Tūheitia Pōtatau Te Wherowhero VII GCCT KStJ
Te Kiingi
Kīngi Tūheitia Paki.png
Kīngi Tūheitia in 2021
Māori King
Tenure21 August 2006 – 30 August 2024
التتويج21 August 2006
سبقهTe Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu
وُلِدTūheitia Paki
(1955-04-21)21 أبريل 1955
Huntly, New Zealand
توفي30 أغسطس 2024(2024-08-30) (aged 69)
Makau ArikiTe Atawhai
الأنجال
  • Whatumoana Te Aa
  • Te Ariki Taituruki Korotangi
  • Te Puhi Ariki Ngawaihonoitepo
الاسم الكامل
Pōtatau Te Wherowhero Tāwhiao Mahuta Te Rata Koroki Te Atairangikāhu Tūheitia
اسم الحكم
Tūheitia Pōtatau Te Wherowhero VII
Kāhui ArikiTe Wherowhero
الأبWhatumoana Paki
الأمTe Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu

Tūheitia Pōtatau Te Wherowhero VII GCCT KStJ (born Tūheitia Paki, 21 April 1955 – 30 August 2024), crowned as Kīngi Tūheitia, reigned as the Māori King from 2006 until his death in 2024. He was the eldest son of the previous Māori monarch, Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu, and was announced as her successor and crowned on 21 August 2006, the day her tangihanga (funeral rites) took place.

Kīngi Tūheitia in 2009

Among his activities, he involved himself in politics, as does the Kīngitanga as an institution. In January 2024, he held a national hui of Māori unity to respond to the policies of the Sixth National Government towards Māori and the Treaty of Waitangi, which the Kīngitanga believed were regressive and would reverse "decades of hard fought justice."

Tūheitia was patron to Te Matatini, the largest Māori cultural festival, and also of Kirikiriroa Marae in Hamilton. He made numerous state visits and met with other monarchs, the most recent being Charles III at the latter's coronation in 2023. Tūheita also advocated for Māori survivors of climate change in the aftermath of Cyclone Gabrielle.

Tūheitia struggled with poor health throughout his life. In 2024, over a week after his eighteenth koroneihana (coronation anniversary), Tūheitia died in hospital after recovering from unsuccessful cardiac surgery.

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العائلة

Turongo House at Tūrangawaewae, the royal residence

King Tūheitia (born Tūheitia Paki) was the son of Whatumoana Paki (1926–2011) and Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu (1931–2006), who married in 1952. He was educated at Rakaumanga School in Huntly, Southwell School in Hamilton and St. Stephen's College (Te Kura o Tipene) in Bombay, south of Auckland, New Zealand. He had five sisters – Heeni Katipa (لقبها قبل الزواج Paki); Tomairangi Paki; Mihi ki te ao Paki; Kiki Solomon (لقبها قبل الزواج Paki); Manawa Clarkson (لقبها قبل الزواج Paki) – and one brother, Maharaia Paki.[2]

He was married to Te Atawhai, who has the title Makau Ariki, and they had three children: Whatumoana, Korotangi, and Ngawai Hono I Te Po.[3][1] Following his ascent to the throne, Te Atawhai was appointed patron of the Māori Women's Welfare League in 2007[4] and Te Kohao Health,[5] a Māori public health organisation.


المهام والخلفية

Tūheitia with Dame Patsy Reddy, Sir David Gascoigne, and the Makau Ariki, Atawhai, at Tūrangawaewae for the koroneihana celebrations of 2019

The King generally spoke publicly only once a year, at the annual celebrations in Ngāruawāhia of his coronation.[6]

His official duties included attending the following events:

King Tūheitia attended hundreds of events every year both nationally and internationally. He was the patron to several key organisations; including Te Matatini,[13] the largest Māori cultural festival in the world, and Kirikiriroa Marae,[14] a large urban marae in Hamilton.

He frequently received international dignitaries, foreign diplomats, members of other royal families, and members of governments.[15] In 2014, the King notably received 26 diplomats[16] to discuss international and trade interests for the Kīngitanga.

In 2009, King Tūheitia visited the New Zealand Parliament and was acknowledged in the valedictory speech of the former Prime Minister of New Zealand, Helen Clark.[17] In the same year, the King accompanied Helen Clark to the United Nations upon her appointment as the United Nations Development Programme administrator.[18]

The King regularly attended significant events of Māoridom around the country. In July 2018, the King and Royal family attended the 150th Celebrations of the Ringatu Church, to which the King's eldest grandson, Hikairo, has been baptised.[19] The King also frequently attended the annual 25 January celebrations of the Ratana Church expressing his continued support for all denominations and his deep desire to unify the people.[20]

In 2018, two archbishops of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia visited Tūrangawaewae to join in honouring King Tūheitia and 160 years of the Kīngitanga.[21] In May 2019, King Tūheitia and members of the Whare Ariki travelled to the Vatican City where the King met Pope Francis in a private audience. The two met and discussed issues pertaining to Te Iwi Maori and indigenous peoples around the world. King Tūheitia also issued a formal invitation for the Pope to visit Tūrangawaewae marae and New Zealand.[22][23]

In the aftermath of Cyclone Gabrielle in 2023, King Tūheitia visited parts of the devastated East Coast across the Ngāti Kahungunu rohe to help rebuild.[24]

پوكاي

The Poukai[25] is an annual series of visits by the Māori King to marae around and beyond the Tainui region, a tradition that dates back to the 19th century. Poukai were established by the second Māori King, Tāwhiao, who said "Kua whakatūria e ahau tēnei kaupapa hei whāngai i te pouaru, te pani me te rawakore, he kuaha whānui kua puare ki te puna tangata me te puna kai" (I have instituted this gathering to feed the widowed, the bereaved and the destitute, it is a doorway that has been opened to the multitudes of people and the bounty of food).[26]

There are 29 Poukai every year and King Tūheitia attended each one. Poukai are a critical event in the Kīngitanga calendar. A unique element of Poukai is their focus on: te pani (the bereaved), te pouaru (the widowed) and te rawakore (the destitute). These events, led by the monarch, are put in place to assist and help ease the burdens and challenges faced by people.

Political involvement

King Tūheitia was at the forefront of many political issues, particularly pertaining to Māori. In 2014, the King received a group from White Ribbon NZ who were travelling New Zealand promoting an anti-violence campaign.[27]

In 2017, King Tūheitia led a groundbreaking moment for the Kīngitanga by signing a formal accord with the Department of Corrections.[28] This award-winning[29] Accord led to the development of the Iwi Justice Panels, and also a further partnership venture with Corrections to build a reintegration Center for incarcerated women who gave birth to a child while in prison.[30] In an exclusive visit to a women's prison in Auckland, the King visited mothers and their children and pledged to do more for all incarcerated people.

In 2018, the King launched, in collaboration with the New Zealand Police and Ministry of Justice, the Iwi Justice Panel.[31] This approach to restorative justice aims to reduce incarceration rates among Māori, which are among the highest for an indigenous people in the world.

2024 national hui

In December 2023, King Tūheitia issued a royal proclamation to hold a national hui (meeting) to promote Māori unity in January 2024. The hui was in response to the Kīngitanga movement's concerns that the new National-led coalition government's policies towards the Treaty of Waitangi would reverse "decades of hard fought justice."[32][33] The national hui was held at Tūrangawaewae marae on 20 January 2024. Key topics expected to be discussed at the hui include the Government's proposed to abolish Te Aka Whai Ora (the Māori Health Authority), roll back the use of the Māori language in the public service, repeal the Smokefree Environments and Regulated Products (Smoked Tobacco) Amendment Act 2022 and review the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi.[34]

On 15 January 2024, King Tūheitia met with Prime Minister Christopher Luxon and Minister for Māori Development Tama Potaka and discussed several of the Government's policies including the proposed Treaty Principles legislation and plans to roll back the use of Māori language in the public service. The King's chaplain, Archdeacon Simmonds, stated that the King would continue to speak Māori regardless of Government policy and direction.[35]

On 20 January, 10,000 people attended the national hui at Tuurangawaewae Marae including former Prime Minister Jenny Shipley, activist and artist Tame Iti, former New Zealand First and National MP Tau Henare, and former Te Pāti Māori president Tukoroirangi Morgan, and National MPs Tama Potaka and Dan Bidois (who attended as government representatives).[36][37] The national hui commenced with five workshops focusing on the Māori language, Treaty of Waitangi, national identity, oranga tangata and oranga taiao followed by a plenary session. Tūheitia addressed attendees at 4pm.[36][38]

During his address, King Tūheitia stated that "the best protest we can do right now is be Māori, be who we are, live our values, speak our reo (language), care for our mokopuna (children)."[38] He also said that the world was watching and urged the Government not to tamper with the Treaty of Waitangi in its proposed legislation.[37] Tūheitia also said that other indigenous nations were supporting the Māori cause and that the kohanga movement had a new generation of leaders.[39] Potaka defended Luxon's decision not to attend the national hui and disputed several of the speakers' claims that the Government was underpinned by white supremacy.[37]

Māori parliament

In response to Te Pāti Māori's calls for the establishment of a Māori parliament, King Tūheitia said that "actually it frightens me" during the third national hui at Hastings in late May 2024.[40][مطلوب توضيح]

18th Koroneihana

In mid-August 2024, Tūheitia's eighteenth koroneihana (coronation anniversary celebration) was held at Tūrangawaewae marae in Ngāruawāhia. Invitations were extended to leaders across the New Zealand political spectrum. While the National, Labour, New Zealand First, Te Pāti Māori and Greens accepted the invitations extended to their leaders, ACT New Zealand declined.[41] On 20 and 21 August, Prime Minister Luxon and NZ First senior minister Shane Jones reiterated that National and NZ First would not support ACT's Treaty Principles Bill beyond its first reading.[42]

Death

المقالة الرئيسية: Death of Tūheitia Paki

On 30 August 2024, over a week after his eighteenth koroneihana, Tūheitia died while recovering from heart surgery. He was 69.[43]

Tekau-ma-Rua and Te Kahui Wairua

Māori leaders at Rātana Pā on 25 January 2012. (L-R) Harerangi Meihana, Sir Tumu Te Heuheu, Kingi Tūheitia and Sir Jerry Mateparae

In 2012, King Tūheitia formally established his Tekau-mā-Rua (the twelve, an advisory council);[44][dead link] each monarch has had a Tekau-mā-Rua to offer advice and act as a senior council within the Kīngitanga. He also added a spiritual council, called Te Kāhui Wairua. These two councils work together in providing advice, guidance and a strategic platform for the King and the Kīngitanga. For the first time for the Kīngitanga, King Tūheitia's Tekau-mā-Rua was made up of members from outside of the Waikato tribal region (the King's direct tribe).


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Tekau-mā-Rua

اعتبارا من 2021:[needs update][بحاجة لمصدر]

Member Karangatanga (representative area)
Rikirangi Gage (Chairperson) Te Whānau-ā-Apanui
(Vacant) Tauranga Moana
Sir Pou Temara Ngāi Tūhoe
Te Kahautu Maxwell Te Whakatohea
Sir Toby Curtis Te Arawa
Che Wilson Te Wainuiarua-Whanganui
Sir Herewini Parata Ngāti Porou
Hemana Manuera Ngāti Awa
Jerry Hapuku Ngāti Kahungunu
Wharehoka Wano Taranaki
(Vacant) Taitokerau
Mema Āpiti Companion Members
Prue Kapua Māori Women's Welfare League
Dame Iritana Tawhiwhirangi Te Kōhanga Reo
Sir Taihakurei Durie NZ Māori Council

Te Kāhui Wairua

اعتبارا من 2020:[needs update][بحاجة لمصدر]

Member Karangatanga (Denomination)
Tumuaki Rev. Diana Tana (Chairperson) Te Hāhi Weteriana / The Methodist Church
Rev. Rex Nathan Te Hāhi Weteriana / The Methodist Church
Apotoro Takiwa Joe Everitt Te Hāhi Ratana / The Ratana Church
Rev. Wayne Te Kaawa Te Aka Puaho / The Presbyterian Church
Rev. Mahaki Albert Te Aka Puaho / The Presbyterian Church
(Vacant) Pai Mārire
Poutikanga Wirangi Pera Te Hāhi Ringatu / The Ringatu Church
Ven. Ngira Simmonds Te Hāhi Mihinare / The Anglican Church
Rt. Rev'd Ngarahu Katene Te Hāhi Mihinare / The Anglican Church
(Vacant) Te Hāhi Katorika / The Catholic Church

*Archdeacon Simmonds is the Chaplain to the Kiingitanga and Private Chaplain to the King.

Honours

References

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External links

ألقاب ملكية
سبقه
Te Atairangikaahu 		Māori monarch
2006–2024 		شاغر

قالب:MaoriMonarchs

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