القفزة الأولى الشمالية

(تم التحويل من القفزة الأولى الشمالي)
Nu Ursae Majoris
Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Ursa Major constellation and its surroundings
Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Ursa Major constellation and its surroundings

Location of ν Ursae Majoris (circled)
بيانات الرصـد
الحقبة J2000.0      اعتدال J2000.0 (ICRS)
الكوكبة Ursa Major
الصعود المستقيم 11h 18m 28.73720s[1]
الميل +33° 05′ 39.5109″[1]
القدر الظاهري (V)+3.490[2]
الخـصـائص
النوع الطيفيK3 III[3]
U-B دليل الألوان+1.550[2]
B-V دليل الألوان+1.400[2]
علم القياسات الفلكية
السرعة القطرية (Rv)-9.63 ± 0.38[4] كم/ث
الحركة الحقيقية (μ) RA: −26.139 mas/yr
Dec.: 27.892 mas/س
اختلاف المنظر (π)8.17 ± 0.17[5] mas
المسافةس ض
( ف ن)
القدر المطلق (MV)−2.47 ± 0.16[6]
التـفـاصـيل
الكتلة3.82±0.23[7] M☉
نصف القطر60+1.24
−1.29[7] R☉
الضياء1242±81[7] L☉
جاذبية السطح (ج)1.89[6] س.ج.ث.
درجة الحرارة4,422±26[7] ك
المعدنية [Fe/H]–0.04[6] العشرية
تسارع الدوران (v sin i)10[8] كم/ث
العمر200±30[7] م.س.
تسميات أخرى
Alula Borealis, ν Ursae Majoris, ν UMa, Nu UMa, 54 Ursae Majoris, BD+33 2098, CCDM J11185+3306A, FK5 425, GC 15547, HD 98262, HIP 55219, HR 4377, IDS 11131+3338 A, PPM 75790, SAO 62486, WDS J11185+3306A [9]
مراجع قواعد البيانات
SIMBADdata

القفزة الأولى الشمالية أو نيو الدب الأكبر Nu Ursae Majoris اسمه التقليدي Alula Borealis مشتق من الاسم العربي.[10] وهو نجم مزدوج في كوكبة الدب الأكبر ويبعد حوالي 400 سنة ضوئية عن الأرض. ينتمي النجم الرئيسي A إلى الفئة الطيفية A وهو عملاق برتقالي ويفصله عن الثانوي 7.1 ثانية قوسية. At an apparent visual magnitude of +3.490,[2] it is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, the distance to ν Ursae Majoris is about 399 light-years (122 parsecs).[5] At such distance, its apparent brightness is diminished by 0.48 magnitudes due to interveining gas and dust.[7]

This is a giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III.[3] Being 200 million years old, it has expanded to about 60 times the radius of the Sun and is radiating 1240 times the Sun's luminosity. The effective temperature of the outer envelope is 4,422 K;[7] cool enough to give it an orange hue typical of a K-type star.[11] It has a 10th-magnitude optical companion at an angular separation of 7.1 arcseconds.

التسمية

ν Ursae Majoris (Latinised to Nu Ursae Majoris) is the star's Bayer designation.

It also bore the traditional name of Alula Borealis.[12] Alula (shared with Xi Ursae Majoris) comes from the Arabic phrase Al Ḳafzah al Ūla 'the First Spring'.[13] and Borealis is Latin for 'northern'. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[14] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016[15] included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included Alula Borealis for this star.

In Chinese, 三台 (Sān Tái), meaning Three Steps, refers to an asterism consisting of Nu Ursae Majoris, Iota Ursae Majoris, Kappa Ursae Majoris, Lambda Ursae Majoris, Mu Ursae Majoris, and Xi Ursae Majoris. Consequently, the Chinese name for Nu Ursae Majoris itself is 下台一 (Xià Tái yī, إنگليزية: Star of First Lower Step).[16]


انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ أ ب قالب:Cite DR3
  2. ^ أ ب ت ث Jennens, P. A.; Helfer, H. L. (September 1975), "A new photometric metal abundance and luminosity calibration for field G and K giants.", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 172 (3): 667–679, doi:10.1093/mnras/172.3.667, Bibcode: 1975MNRAS.172..667J 
  3. ^ أ ب Morgan, W. W.; Keenan, P. C. (1973), "Spectral Classification", Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11: 29–50, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333, Bibcode: 1973ARA&A..11...29M 
  4. ^ Famaey, B.; Jorissen, A.; Luri, X.; Mayor, M.; Udry, S.; Dejonghe, H.; Turon, C. (January 2005), "Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters", Astronomy and Astrophysics 430: 165–186, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041272, Bibcode: 2005A&A...430..165F 
  5. ^ أ ب van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V 
  6. ^ أ ب ت Piau, L.; Kervella, P.; Dib, S.; Hauschildt, P. (February 2011), "Surface convection and red-giant radius measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics 526: A100, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014442, Bibcode: 2011A&A...526A.100P 
  7. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Zavala, R. T.; Benson, James A.; Hutter, Donald J.; Tycner, Christopher; van Belle, Gerard T. (2017). "Fundamental parameters of 87 stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (1): 16. arXiv:1712.08109. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...30B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9d8b. S2CID 119427037.
  8. ^ Bernacca, P. L.; Perinotto, M. (1970), "A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities", Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago 239 (1): 1, Bibcode: 1970CoAsi.239....1B 
  9. ^ 54 UMa -- Star in double system, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HD+98262, retrieved on 2012-01-11 
  10. ^ Piazzi, G., The Palermo Catalogue, Palermo, 1814.
  11. ^ The Colour of Stars, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, December 21, 2004, http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html, retrieved on 2012-01-16 
  12. ^ Piazzi, G., The Palermo Catalogue, Palermo, 1814.
  13. ^ Richard Hinckley Allen :Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning - Ursa Major, the Greater Bear
  14. ^ "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)". Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  15. ^ "Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1" (PDF). Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  16. ^ (in صينية) (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 6 月 21 日 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
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