1908

1908 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري	1908; MCMVIII
آب أوربه كونديتا	2661
التقويم الأرمني	1357; ԹՎ ՌՅԾԷ
التقويم الآشوري	6658
التقويم البهائي	64–65
التقويم البنغالي	1315
التقويم الأمازيغي	2858
سنة العهد البريطاني	7 إد 7 – 8 إد 7
التقويم البوذي	2452
التقويم البورمي	1270
التقويم البيزنطي	7416–7417
التقويم الصيني	丁未年 (النار الماعز); 4604 أو 4544; — إلى —; 戊申年 (التراب القرد); 4605 أو 4545
التقويم القبطي	1624–1625
التقويم الديسكوردي	3074
التقويم الإثيوپي	1900–1901
التقويم العبري	5668–5669
التقاويم الهندوسية
- ڤيكرام سامڤات	1964–1965
- شاكا سامڤات	1830–1831
- كالي يوگا	5009–5010
تقويم الهولوسين	11908
تقويم الإگبو	908–909
التقويم الإيراني	1286–1287
التقويم الهجري	1325–1326
التقويم الياباني	Meiji 41; (明治４１年)
تقويم جوچى	N/A
التقويم اليوليوسي	الگريگوري ناقص 13 يوم
التقويم الكوري	4241
تقويم مينگوو	4 قبل جمهورية الصين; 民前4年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي	2451
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	1908 حسب الموضوع:
	الموضوع
	علم الآثار; العمارة; الفن; الطيران; جوائز; القصص المصورة; السينما; ; الأدب (الشعر); الأرصاد الجوية; الموسيقى; النقل بالسكك الحديدية; الراديو; العلوم; ; ; الرياضة; التلفزيون; ;
	حسب البلد
	مصر; سوريا; العراق; فلسطين; السعودية; اليمن; الجزائر; المغرب; تونس; تركيا; إيران; إثيوپيا; أستراليا; كندا; الصين; ; الإكوادور; فرنسا; ألمانيا; اليونان; الهند; أيرلندا; ; إيطاليا; اليابان; ; الملايو; ; المكسيك; نيوزيلندا; النرويج; سوريا العثمانية; ; ; ; الفلپين; روسيا; سنغافورة; جنوب أفريقيا; ; المملكة المتحدة; الولايات المتحدة; ;
	القادة
	الدول السيادية; قادة الدول; قادة دينيون; القانون;
	تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات
	مواليد; وفيات;
	تصنيفات تأسيسات وانحلالات
	تأسيسات; انحلالات;
	تصنيفات أعمال وأطروحات
	أعمال; أطروحات;
	v; t; e;

الألفية:	الألفية 2
القرون:	القرن 19 - القرن 20 - القرن 21
العقود:	عقد 1870 عقد 1880 عقد 1890 - عقد 1900 - عقد 1910 عقد 1920 عقد 1930
السنوات:	1905 1906 1907 - 1908 - 1909 1910 1911

► | قرن 19 | << قرن 20 >> | قرن 21 | ◄
► | عقد 1870 | عقد 1880 | عقد 1890 | << عقد 1900 >> | عقد 1910 | عقد 1920 | عقد 1930 | ◄
► | ► | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | << 1908 >> | 1909 | 1910 | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | ◄ | ◄

تحويل 1-1-1908م الى هجري ^{(وصلة خارجية)} | تحويل 31-12-1908م الى هجري ^{(وصلة خارجية)} | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1908

سنة 1908 (MCMVIII) كانت سنة كبيسة تبدأ يوم الأربعاء (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 1908 بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 908 في الألفية 2، السنة 8 في القرن 20، والسنة 9 في عقد 1900 بين 1583 و 1929 ومع فارق 1908 is 13 يوم عن التقويم اليوليوسي، والذين ظلوا مستخدمين حتى التحول الكامل إلى التقويم الگريگوري في 1929.

According to NASA reports, 1908 was the coldest recorded year since 1880.^[1]

1908 Baby New Year on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post.

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أحداث

يناير

January 24: Boy Scout movement.

1 يناير - The British Nimrod Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton sets sail from New Zealand on the Nimrod for Antarctica.
January 3 - A total solar eclipse is visible in Pacific Ocean, and is the 46th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 130.
January 12 - A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time.
January 13 - The Rhoads Opera House fire in Boyertown, Pennsylvania kills 170.
January 15 - Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority is founded on the campus of Howard University, in Washington, D.C.
January 21 - New York City passes the Sullivan Ordinance، making it illegal for women to smoke in public, only to have the measure vetoed by the mayor.^[2]
January 24 - Robert Baden-Powell's Scouting for Boys begins publication in London. The book eventually sold over 100 million copies, and effectively begins the worldwide Boy Scout movement.

فبراير

February 1 - Lisbon Regicide: King Carlos I of Portugal and Prince Luis Filipe are shot dead in Lisbon.
February 3 - Panathinaikos، a well known professional multi-sports club of Greece، is founded in Athens.^[3]
February 12 - The first around-the-world car race, the 1908 New York to Paris Race، begins.
February 18 - Japanese emigration to the United States is forbidden, under terms of the Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907.

مارس

March - The Children's Encyclopædia begins publication in London.
March 4
- The Pretoria branch of the Transvaal University College، precursor to the University of Pretoria، is established.
- The Collinwood school fire near Cleveland، Ohio kills 174.
March 9 - Inter Milan، a well-known football club in Italy، is founded.^[4]
March 23 - American diplomat Durham Stevens، an employee of Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs، is assassinated in San Francisco by two Korean immigrants, unhappy with his recent support for the increasing Japanese presence in Korea.
March 27 - The first Scout troop outside the U.K. is formed in Gibraltar.
March 29 - French aviator Henri Farman made the world's first flight with a passenger, Léon Delagrange.

أبريل

April 8 - H. H. Asquith of the Liberal Party takes office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom، succeeding Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.^[5]
April 20 - Sunshine rail disaster: A rear-end collision of two trains in Melbourne، Australia kills 44 people, and injures more than 400.^[6]
April 21 - Frederick Cook claims to have reached the North Pole on this date.

مايو

May 14-October 31 - The Franco-British Exhibition (1908) is held in London.
May 26 - At Masjed Soleyman in southwest Persia، the first major commercial oil discovery in the Middle East is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by the United Kingdom.

يونيو

Evidence of the Tunguska event (June 30). Photo taken 19 years later.

June 28 - An annular solar eclipse was visible from Central America, North America, Atlantic Ocean and Africa, and was the 33rd solar eclipse of Solar Saros 135.
June 30 (June 17 OS) - The Tunguska event or "Russian explosion" near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in Krasnoyarsk Krai، Siberia، Russian Empire، is believed to have been caused by the air burst of a large meteoroid or comet fragment, at an altitude of 5–10 kilometres (3–6 mi) above the Earth's surface.^[7]^[8]^[9]

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يوليو

1908 Summer Olympics

July 3 - Young Turk Revolution in the Ottoman Empire: Major Ahmed Niyazi, with 200 followers (Ottoman troops and civilians), begins an open revolution by defecting from the 3rd Army Corps in Macedonia، decamping into the hill country.
July 6 - Robert Peary sets sail for the North Pole.
July 8 - French aviator Léon Delagrange made the world's first flight with a female passenger, his partner and fellow sculptor Thérèse Peltier.^[10]
July 11-12 - The steamship Amalthea, housing 80 British strikebreakers in Malmö harbour, Sweden، is bombed by Anton Nilson; 1 is killed, 20 injured.
July 13-25 - The 1908 Summer Olympics are held in London, originally scheduled to be in Rome, but changed due to the Mount Vesuvius eruption of 1906. (The Winter Olympics are held here from October 19-31.^[11]
July 23 - Young Turk Revolution: The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) issues a formal ultimatum to Sultan Abdul Hamid II، to restore the constitution of 1876 within the Ottoman Empire (it is restored the following day).
July 24 - Italian Dorando Pietri wins the Olympic marathon (run from Windsor Castle to London) in one of the most dramatic arrivals in Olympic history, only to be disqualified soon afterwards for receiving assistance; victory is awarded to Irish-American Johnny Hayes.
July 27-28 - The 1908 Hong Kong typhoon sinks the passenger steamer Ying King, causing 421 deaths.

أغسطس

August 8
- Wilbur Wright flies in France for the first time, demonstrating true controlled powered flight in Europe.
- The Hoover Company of Canton, Ohio، acquires manufacturing rights to the upright portable vacuum cleaner just invented by James M. Spangler.
August 17 - Émile Cohl makes the first fully animated film، Fantasmagorie.
August 24 - After an intense power struggle, Sultan Abdelaziz of Morocco is deposed, and is succeeded by his brother Abd al-Hafid.
August 28 - American Messenger Company, as predecessor of United Parcel Service founded in Washington State، United States.^{[صفحة مطلوبة]}
August 31 - The Great Storm of 1908 starts to pound the Bristol Channel, lasting into the morning of September 2.^[12]

سبتمبر

September 10 - The first Minas Geraes-class Dreadnought battleship for Brazil، Minas Geraes is launched at Armstrong Whitworth's yard on the River Tyne in England, catalysing the "South American dreadnought race".
September 17 - At Fort Myer، Virginia، Thomas Selfridge becomes the first person to die in an airplane crash. The pilot, Orville Wright، is severely injured in the crash but recovers.
September 27 - Henry Ford produces his first Model T automobile at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant، in Detroit، Michigan.

أكتوبر

October 1 - Penny Post is established between the United Kingdom and United States.^[13]
October 5 - Bulgaria declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire; Ferdinand I of Bulgaria becomes Tsar.
October 5 - The Melting Pot, a play by Israel Zangwill، opens in Washington, D.C. The title quickly becomes a widely used symbol for assimilation of immigrants to the United States.
October 6 - The Bosnian crisis begins, after the Austro-Hungarian Empire annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
October 29 - Olivetti، the well known typewriter and business equipments company, is founded in Italy.^{[صفحة مطلوبة]}

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نوفمبر

November 3 - 1908 United States presidential election: Republican candidate William Howard Taft defeats William Jennings Bryan، 321 electoral votes to 162.
November 6 - Western bandits Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid are supposedly killed in Bolivia، after being surrounded by a large group of soldiers. There are many rumors to the contrary however, and their grave sites are unmarked.
November 15 - King Leopold II of Belgium formally relinquishes his personal control of the Congo Free State (becoming Belgian Congo) to Belgium, following evidence collected by Roger Casement of maladministration.
November 25
- The Christian Science Monitor newspaper is first published, in the United States.
- A fire breaks out on إس‌إس Sardinia as it leaves Malta's Grand Harbour، resulting in the ship's grounding and the deaths of at least 118 people.^[14]
November 28 - A mine explosion in Marianna, Pennsylvania، kills 154 men, leaving only one survivor.

ديسمبر

December 2 - Young Emperor Puyi ascends the Chinese throne at age 2.
December 16 - Construction begins on the RMS Olympic, at the Harland and Wolff Shipyard in Belfast.
December 23 - A hybrid solar eclipse is visible from Atlantic Ocean, and is the 23rd solar eclipse of Solar Saros 140.
December 28 - The 7.1 M_w  Messina earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 75,000 and 200,000.

مجهولة التاريخ

A 40,000-year-old Neanderthal boy skeleton is found at Le Moustier in southwest France, by Otto Hauser.
The Western University of Pennsylvania is renamed the University of Pittsburgh.
The State Normal and Industrial School for Women, precursor to James Madison University، is founded in Harrisonburg, Virginia.
The University of Omaha, precursor of the University of Nebraska Omaha is founded as a private non-sectarian college.
Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology in Boston، Massachusetts, is established under the terms of Franklin's will.
Hitachi، an electromechanics company, is founded as a mining machine repair factory in Ibaraki Prefecture، Japan.^[15]