1314

تحويل 1-1-1314م الى هجري  (وصلة خارجية)  | تحويل 31-12-1314م الى هجري  (وصلة خارجية)  | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1314

الألفية: الألفية 2
القرون: القرن 13 - القرن 14 - القرن 15
العقود: عقد 1280  عقد 1290  عقد 1300  - عقد 1310 -  عقد 1320  عقد 1330  عقد 1340
السنوات: 1311 1312 1313 - 1314 - 1315 1316 1317
The Scottish triumph over England at the Battle of Bannockburn
1314 حسب الموضوع
الفنون والعلوم
العمارة - الفن
السياسة
زعماء الدول - الدول ذات السيادة
تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات
المواليد - الوفيات
تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات
التأسيسات - الانحلالات
الفن والأدب
1314 في الشعر
1314 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري1314
MCCCXIV
آب أوربه كونديتا2067
التقويم الأرمني763
ԹՎ ՉԿԳ
التقويم الآشوري6064
التقويم البهائي−530 – −529
التقويم البنغالي721
التقويم الأمازيغي2264
سنة العهد الإنگليزي7 Edw. 2 – 8 Edw. 2
التقويم البوذي1858
التقويم البورمي676
التقويم البيزنطي6822–6823
التقويم الصيني癸丑年 (الماء الثور)
4010 أو 3950
    — إلى —
甲寅年 (الخشب النمر)
4011 أو 3951
التقويم القبطي1030–1031
التقويم الديسكوردي2480
التقويم الإثيوپي1306–1307
التقويم العبري5074–5075
التقاويم الهندوسية
 - ڤيكرام سامڤات1370–1371
 - شاكا سامڤات1236–1237
 - كالي يوگا4415–4416
تقويم الهولوسين11314
تقويم الإگبو314–315
التقويم الإيراني692–693
التقويم الهجري713–714
التقويم اليابانيShōwa 3
(正和３年)
تقويم جوچىN/A
التقويم اليوليوسي1314
MCCCXIV
التقويم الكوري3647
تقويم مينگوو598 قبل جمهورية الصين
民前598年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي1857
This box:

سنة 1314 (MCCCXIV) Before 1582, with Julian 1314 is 8 days difference.

Statue of Robert I (the Bruce) (2014)
Battle of Bannockburn — first day

أحداث

يناير-مارس

أبريل-يونيو

  • April 4 – Exeter College in England is founded by Bishop Walter de Stapledon, as a school to educate clergy.
  • April 19 – Philip of Aunay and his older brother Walter de Aunay, convicted of adultery with Margaret of Burgundy and Blanch of Burgundy, respectively, both of whom are two daughters-in-law of King Philip IV of France, are executed. The manner of their execution is particularly brutal, following torture at the Place du Grand Martroy in Pontoise.[7]
  • April 20 – Pope Clement V dies after an 9-year pontificate at Roquemaure. During his reign, Clement reorganizes and centralizes the administration of the Catholic Church.[8]
  • May 1 – The papal conclave to elect a successor to Pope Clement V begins at the Carpentras Cathedral with 23 Roman Catholic cardinals in attendance, of whom the votes of 16 are necessary to elect a new Pontiff. The cardinals are divided into three factions, none of which have more than eight people, with a group from Italy (led by Guillaume de Mandagot), who want to move the papacy back to Rome; nine from Gascony, most of whom are relatives of Pope Clement (led by Arnaud de Pellegrue); and five from Provence (led by Berengar Fredol). The Italian cardinals walk out three months later after being harassed and threaten to elect their own Pope. The conclave will not meet again for two years, during which time there is no Pope.
  • May 14 – In Italy, more than 50 of the Fraticelli spiritualists of the Franciscan order of Tuscany are excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church by the Archbishop of Genoa after refusing to return to obedience to the Pope.[9]
  • June 17 – English forces led by King Edward II leave Berwick-upon-Tweed to march to Stirling Castle. They cross the River Tweed at Wark and Coldstream and march west across the flat Merse of Berwickshire towards Lauderdale. In Earlston, Edward uses a road through the Lammermuir Hills (an old Roman road) practical for the wheeled transport of a long supply train as well as the cavalry and infantry.[10]
  • June 19 – English forces march to the environs of Edinburgh, here Edward II waits for the wagon train of over 200 baggage and supply wagons – which straggle behind the long columns, to catch up. At the nearby port of Leith, English supply ships land stores for the army – who will be well rested before the 35-mile (56 km) march that will bring them to Stirling Castle, before the deadline of June 24.[11]
  • June 23 – English forces approach the Scottish positions at Torwood, mounted troops under Gilbert de Clare are confronted by Scottish forces and repulsed. During the fierce fighting, Henry de Bohun is killed in a duel by King Robert the Bruce. Edward II and forward elements, mainly cavalry, encamp at Bannockburn. The baggage train and the majority of the forces arrive in the evening.[12]
  • June 24 – Battle of Bannockburn: Scottish forces (some 8,000 men) led by Robert the Bruce defeat the English army at Bannockburn. During the battle, the Scottish pikemen formed in schiltrons (or phalanx) repulses the English cavalry (some 2,000 men). Edward II flees with his bodyguard (some 500 men), while panic spreads among the remaining forces, turning their defeat into a rout.[13][14]
  • June 25 – Edward II arrives at Dunbar Castle, and takes safely a ship to Bamburgh in Northumberland. His mounted escort takes the coastal route from Dunbar to Berwick.[15]

يوليو-سبتمبر

أكتوبر-ديسمبر

حسب المكان

أوروبا

أفريقيا

  • Amda Seyon I, known as "the Pillar of Zion" begins his reign as Emperor of Ethiopia, during which he expands into Muslim territory to the southeast. He enlarges his kingdom by incorporating a number of smaller states.[21]

حسب الموضوع

الدين


مواليد

وفيات

References

  1. ^ W.B. Fisher, The Cambridge History of Iran (Cambridge University Press, 1968) p.403
  2. ^ "Muhammad III", by Francisco Vidal Castro, in Diccionario Biográfico electrónico (Real Academia de la Historia (ed.)
  3. ^ Elizabeth A. R. Brown (2015). "Philip the Fair, Clement V, and the end of the Knights Templar: The execution of Jacques de Molay and Geoffroi de Charny in March". Viator. 47 (1): 229–292. doi:10.1484/J.VIATOR.5.109474.
  4. ^ Alison Weir, Isabella: She-Wolf of France, Queen of England (Pimlico, 2006) p.92,99
  5. ^ Jacqueline Broad and Karen Green, Virtue, Liberty, and Toleration: Political Ideas of European Women, 1400–1800 (Springer, 2007) p.8
  6. ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History, pp. 17–21. London: Leicester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7185-0147-1.
  7. ^ Didier Audinot, Histoires effrayantes (Editions Grancher, 2006)
  8. ^ Menache, Sophia (2002). Clement V, p. 2. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52198-X.
  9. ^ William H. Brackney, Historical Dictionary of Radical Christianity (Scarecrow Press, 2012) p. 131
  10. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, pp. 38–39. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  11. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 39. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  12. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, pp. 54–55. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  13. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, pp. 70–71. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  14. ^ Black, Andrew (24 June 2014). "What was the Battle of Bannockburn about?". BBC. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  15. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 79. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  16. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 83. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  17. ^ Helle, Knut (1964). Norge blir en stat, 1130–1319 (Universitetsforlaget). ISBN 82-00-01323-5.
  18. ^ Barrow, Geoffrey W. S. (1988). Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland, p. 231. Edinburgh University Press.
  19. ^ Gerhard Heitz and Henning Rischer, Geschichte in Daten: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ("History in Data: Mecklenburg-West Pomerania") (Koehler & Amelang, 1995) p.177
  20. ^ Gábor Ágoston (2021). The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe. Princeton University Press. p. 543. ISBN 9780691159324.
  21. ^ Brian L. Fargher (1996). The Origins of the New Churches Movement in Southern Ethiopia, 1927-1944. University of Aberdeen. p. 11. ISBN 9789004106611.
  22. ^ "Crimean Tatar Architecture". International Committee for Crimea. Retrieved 2011-02-20.
  23. ^ Mote, Frederick W. (1999). Imperial China, 900-1800, p. 550. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7.
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