1182

تحويل 1-1-1182م الى هجري  (وصلة خارجية)  | تحويل 31-12-1182م الى هجري  (وصلة خارجية)  | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1182

الألفية: الألفية 2
القرون: القرن 11 - القرن 12 - القرن 13
العقود: عقد 1150  عقد 1160  عقد 1170  - عقد 1180 -  عقد 1190  عقد 1200  عقد 1210
السنوات: 1179 1180 1181 - 1182 - 1183 1184 1185
1182 حسب الموضوع
السياسة
زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة
تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات
المواليد – الوفيات
تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات
التأسيسات – الانحلالات
الفنون والآداب
1182 في الشعر
1182 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري1182
MCLXXXII
آب أوربه كونديتا1935
التقويم الأرمني631
ԹՎ ՈԼԱ
التقويم الآشوري5932
التقويم البهائي−662 – −661
التقويم البنغالي589
التقويم الأمازيغي2132
سنة العهد الإنگليزي28 Hen. 2 – 29 Hen. 2
التقويم البوذي1726
التقويم البورمي544
التقويم البيزنطي6690–6691
التقويم الصيني辛丑年 (المعدن الثور)
3878 أو 3818
    — إلى —
壬寅年 (الماء النمر)
3879 أو 3819
التقويم القبطي898–899
التقويم الديسكوردي2348
التقويم الإثيوپي1174–1175
التقويم العبري4942–4943
التقاويم الهندوسية
 - ڤيكرام سامڤات1238–1239
 - شاكا سامڤات1104–1105
 - كالي يوگا4283–4284
تقويم الهولوسين11182
تقويم الإگبو182–183
التقويم الإيراني560–561
التقويم الهجري577–578
التقويم اليابانيYōwa 2 / Juei 1
(寿永元年)
تقويم جوچىN/A
التقويم اليوليوسي1182
MCLXXXII
التقويم الكوري3515
تقويم مينگوو730 قبل جمهورية الصين
民前730年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي1725
This box:
A statue of Saladin in Damascus (2008)

Year 1182 (MCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

أحداث

By place

Byzantine Empire

  • April – Massacre of the Latins: The Roman Catholic (called "Latin") inhabitants of Constantinople massacre the Venetian, Genoan, and other Latin officials and traders who rule as agents of Empress Maria of Antioch. She is the mother and regent of 12-year-old Emperor Alexios II. In August, Andronikos Komnenos, a cousin of Maria's late husband, Emperor Manuel I (Komnenos), raises an army and enters the city, representing himself as the 'protector' of Alexios. He is proclaimed as co-emperor under the name Andronikos I, and has Maria imprisoned and later condemned to be strangled – forcing a signature from Alexios to put his mother to death.[1]
  • September – Alexios II is murdered after a 3-year reign at Constantinople. The 64-year-old Andronikos I is proclaimed emperor of the Byzantine Empire before the crowd on the terrace of the Church of Christ of the Chalke. He marries Alexios' widow, the 11-year-old Agnes of France, and makes in November a treaty with Venice in which he promised a yearly indemnity as compensation for Venetian losses during the Massacre of the Latins.[2]

Levant

  • May 11 – Saladin leads an Egyptian expeditionary force from Cairo to Syria. In June, he arrives in Damascus and learns that his nephew Farrukh Shah has raided Galilee, and sacked the villages near Mount Tabor. On his way back, Farrukh Shah attacks the fortress of Habis Jaldak, carved out of the rock above the River Yarmuk. The garrison, Christian Syrians with no great wish to die for the Crusaders, promptly surrenders.[3]
  • July – August – Battle of Belvoir Castle: Saladin crosses into Palestine round the south of the Sea of Galilee. King Baldwin IV (the Leper) of Jerusalem marches with his army back from Oultrejordain and attacks Saladin's forces near Belvoir Castle (modern Israel). In a fierce battle, the Crusaders successfully repel Saladin's invasion. At the end of the day, each side retired, claiming the victory.[4]
  • August – Saladin sends an Egyptian fleet to blockade Beirut and leads his forces in the Bekaa Valley. The city is strongly fortified and Baldwin IV rushes with his army up from Galilee – only pausing to collect the ships that lay in the harbors of Acre and Tyre. Failing to take Beirut by assault before the Crusaders arrived, Saladin breaks of the siege and withdraws.[3]
  • September – Saladin invades the Jazira Region, ending the truce between him and the Zangids. After a feint attack on Aleppo, he crosses the Euphrates. The towns of the Jazira fall before him; the cities of Edessa, Saruj and Nisibin are captured in October. Saladin presses on to Mosul, and begins the siege of the city on November 10.[5]
  • November – Al-Nasir, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, is shocked by the war between fellow-Muslims and tries to negotiate a peace. Saladin, thwarted by the strong fortifications of Mosul, retreats to Sinjar. He marches to conquer Diarbekir, the richest and the greatest fortress of the Jazira Region (with the finest library in Islam).[5]
  • December – Baldwin IV raids through the Hauran and reaches Bosra, while Raymond of Tripoli recaptures Habis Jaldak. A few days later, Baldwin sets out with a Crusader force to Damascus and encamped at Dareiya in the suburbs. He decides not to attack the city and retires laden with booty, to spend Christmas at Tyre.[6]
  • Winter – Raynald of Châtillon, lord of Oultrejordain, orders the building of five ships which are carried to the Gulf of Aqaba at the northern end of the Red Sea. Part of his fleet makes a raid along the coast, threatening the security of the holy cities on Pharaoh's Island (or Île de Graye).[7]

Europe

England

  • William Marshal, Norman knight and head of the household of Henry the Young King, is accused of having an affair with Henry's wife, Queen Margaret of France. Although contemporary chroniclers doubt the truth of these accusations. Henry starts the process to have his marriage annulled, William leaves the royal retinue, undergoing a period of self-imposed exile, and goes on a pilgrimage to Cologne.[12]

Asia

By topic

Religion

مواليد

وفيات


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

المراجع

  1. ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, pp. 348–349. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  2. ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 349. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  3. ^ أ ب Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 352. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  4. ^ Beeler, John (1971). Warfare in Feudal Europe, 730–1200, p. 138. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University. ISBN 0-8014-9120-7.
  5. ^ أ ب Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 353. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  6. ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 354. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  7. ^ Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States, p. 284. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9.
  8. ^ Bradbury, Jim (1997). Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223, p. 53. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-0-582-06059-3.
  9. ^ Makk, Ferenc (1989). The Árpáds and the Comneni: Political Relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century, p. 116. (Translated by György Novák). Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-05-5268-4.
  10. ^ Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
  11. ^ Abels, Richard Philip; Bachrach, Bernard S. (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 100. ISBN 0-85115-847-1.
  12. ^ Asbridge, Thomas (2015). The Greatest Knight: The Remarkable Life of William Marshal, Power Behind Five English Thrones, pp. 140–146. London: Simon & Schuster.
  13. ^ أ ب Bellinger, Alfred Raymond (1999). Catalogue of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 4. Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081 - 1261 : Part 1. Alexius I to Alexius V : (1081 - 1204). Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks. p. 340. ISBN 9780884022336.
  14. ^ Bellomo, Elena (2008). The Templar Order in North-west Italy: (1142 - C. 1330) (in الإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 144. ISBN 9789004163645.
تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=1182&oldid=2537588"